Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 448-453

Abstract: A certain scale underground permafrost is chronically existing in northeast certain regions,thus forming an nature cold source and thats has a great influence on the application of groundwater source heat pump. In order to improve operational efficiency of groundwater source heat pump,the paper uses laboratory and field test and numerical simulating method to probe into influence rule of cold source on groundwater heat source pump. Author carried on thermal physical experiments and field thermal response tests of the cold source site for Jiagedaqi region. Study has shown that thermal physical parameters of sand and gravel (specific heat capacity,thermal conductivity) present discrete phenomenon with the depth in the region,thermal physical parameters of sandstone and granite have little change,thermal conductivity of granite is largest and sand and gravel is smallest and sandstone is placed in the middle,specific heat capacity has obvious fluctuation for the depth influence,specially for sand and gravel layers on the different depth. Based on geological conditions,the paper constructs numerical model and carries out numerical research,and then simulates and analyzes heat breakthrough and influence radius of pumping/injecting system of multiple well,simulating results show that influence range of cold source should be within 150m to multiple well and cold source has the greatest effect on water source heat pump less than 75m. Research results will provide theoretical basis and reference for groundwater source heat pump designing and site selection.

Abstract: Taking the Shandong section of Shandong-Anhui product oil pipeline project as an example, this paper makes a preliminary summarization on the prevention and treatment plan on water and soil loss in this kind of project aiming at slope stability and runoff regulation. Through the lasting monitoring on soil and water conservation in the process of actual construction and operation, this plan can effectively prevent water and soil loss in project area and get expected results.

Abstract: This work introduced water resource management of some developed countries such as the USA, Australia, Japan, Germany, France, etc. The countries developed individual water resources management models based on their own conditions. In America, a coordinative mode between region and river basin was formed. The Japanese muti-flood control mode which clarified the responsibilities of the administration and local government enhanced the management. Singapore owns a unique management mode, which effectively guaranteed the implementation of water resource management. This work offers references to the formation of water resource management modes suitable for different countries.

Abstract: Instability of landslides will lead to high-speed of rock and soil into the water, sparking a huge surge, causing significant harm to residents and infrastructure of coastal areas. With regard to the surge by landslide, the climbing height and the dynamic pressure are dominant characteristic parameters of concern, which influence the scope and extent of damage. The paper selected five important factors which influence characteristic parameters, that are time into water, sliding volume, angle into water, climbing angle, and water depth, based on simulation and MATLAB, established the BP neural network model of the characteristic parameters. Through training the network at various hidden node, the optimal training network has been gained, characteristic parameters at four groups of sample data have been predicted and verified respectively, and the best forecasting network can be selected as the predicting network.

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the current state of water resources and utilization characters, the optimizing and allocating model of water resources in Yinchuan plain is established by multi-objective planning methodology. Systematic viewpoint runs throughout the whole modeling process. Furthermore, by employing the established model, the proper allocation of the industrial and agricultural water, the ecological environment water and integrated development of surface water and groundwater are discussed. The more reasonable water utilization structure is suggested. The water resource for agriculture is decreasing, while the water resource for people life, industry and ecologic environment are increasing. This change of water utilization is correspond to economic and social development trend.

Abstract: Coal is a continuous unconventional gas reservoir and coal bed methane has the potential to make an important contribution to the future energy demands. The second member coal seam of Shaxi Formation in the Mengjin coalfield is one of the most important methane bearing and exploration formations. Based on industrial analysis, elemental analysis and methane content test of thirty-five coal samples from the Mengjin coalfield, together with other geological data of the past five-year exploration, the factors that controlling the coal bed methane reservoir are identified in the Mengjin coalfield. The thick-bedded No. 2 coal seam, about 6 meters, of the Shaxi formation are continuous distributed in the Mengjin coalfield. The burial depth is from 400 to 800 meters, this is suitable for coal bed methane exploit. There is a trend which an increase in the degree of coalification is correlated with rise content of methane in No. 2 coal. Coal rank has a significant effect on the content of coal bed methane. The relationships between methane content and basin hydrodynamics are also described and discussed in this paper. The deep stagnant zone contains the largest coal bed methane accumulation. Future geological exploration for coal bed methane in Mengjin coalfield should be guided by the essential factors identified in this study. The application of them could benefit to solving the discrepancy between the amount of reserves and the question of their exploitability.

Abstract: Based on spectrometry, the remote sensing inversion researches of the surface tidal flat moisture are conducted in combination with spectral values measured in the field and moisture measured in the laboratory. Firstly, the remote sensing images are preprocessed, including geometric correction, atmospheric correction and image enhancement. Then, the spectral characteristics of typical ground objects are analyzed to partition the whole image and separate the bare tidal flats. At last, TM5 wave band and exponential model are determined to be the best wave band and optimal model for the inversion of the bare tidal flat moisture. The experiment shows: (1)This method can help to improve the accuracy of the surface tidal flat moisture inversion, with the maximum error of moisture inversion is 3%, the relative error is 7.1% and the average relative error is 6.5%. (2)The surface tidal flat moisture is of evident gradient distribution features, which can be used as basis of tidal flat topographic survey.

Abstract: To ensure dam safety monitoring prediction accuracy ,How to determine correlation between the sequence of the entire dam safety monitoring at different time-range is one of the key contents of dam safety monitoring research. The paper takes a dam for example using multiple fractal MF-DFA to remove trend monitoring fluctuations of the original sequence and calculates the scaling exponent annually comparing with the corresponding dam seepage hydrograph .The results verify the feasibility of multi-fractal MF-DFA in determining dam seepage to provide a basis for subsequent modeling calculation.

Abstract: Crude palm oil (CPO) was extracted from fresh fruit bunches of RYL7 oil palm cultivated in Hainan by using a self-made single stage screw press. The physicochemical characteristics and Fatty acid composition of the CPO was investigated. The experimental results included melting point (33.10 °C), density (0.91 g/cm³ at 20 °C), acid value (8.35 mg KOH/g), iodine value (62.72 mg iodine/g), saponifiable value (198.02 mg KOH/g), moisture and volatile matter (0.16% of total lipids), insoluble impurities (0.04% of total lipids), unsaponifiable matter (0.40% of total lipids). Oleic acid (40.90% of total fatty acids), palmitic acid (37.88% of total fatty acids), linoleic (14.29% of total fatty acids), followed by stearic acid (5.11% of total fatty acids) were found to be the predominant fatty acids in the oil. The unsaturated oleic acid was the most predominant fatty acid in CPO of Hainan while saturated palmitic acid was the most principal fatty acid in palm oil from Malaysia. The contents of linolenic, unsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in this CPO were 4.09%, 5.09%, 4.09% higher than that of Malaysia, respectively. In addition, the percentages of palmitic acid and saturated fatty acids of this oil were 5.62%, 6.01% lower than that of Malaysia, respectively.

Abstract: Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polysaccharides from the Chinese medicinal plant Rhodiola sachalinensis A. BOR (PRs) was studied. The effects of four factors (extraction time, ultrasonic power, liquid-solid ratio and extraction temperature) on the extraction yield of PRs were investigated by the single-factor test, and the optimum UAE conditions were investigated by the orthogonal test. The results demonstrated that the optimum UAE conditions for PRs were as followings: extraction time of 30 min, ultrasonic power of 85 W, liquid-solid ratio of 45 ml/g, and extraction temperature of 45°C. The present data might provide a theoretic base for full utilization of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. BOR.