Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 448-453

Abstract: Li2FeSiO4/C composites were prepared from silica waste by a traditional solid-state reaction method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elementary analyzer, galvanostatic charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. XRD results reveal that Li2FeSiO4/C composites fabricated from silica waste have some impurity. SEM results indicate that the particle size of Li2FeSiO4 composites is nearly accord with the particle size of silica waste. Electrochemical measurements indicate that Li2FeSiO4/C composite prepared from silica waste have comparatively good electrochemical performance. It can deliver a specific discharge capacity of 137.6 mAh g-1 at a charge-discharge rate of 0.1 C.

Abstract: The photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO₂ photoanode in unsaturated dye-adsorption state for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) were investigated by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the light absorption spectrum. Significant low charge recombination as well as light absorption saturation was observed with the TiO₂ photoanode in unsaturated dye-adsorption state. Due to these effects, from saturated to unsaturated dye-adsorption state, the fill factor (ff) increased from 0.60 to 0.78 and the open circuit photovoltage (V_oc) increased from 770mV to 780mV. The short circuit photocurrency density (I_sc) reached the maximum 10.51mA cm^-2 before the TiO₂ photoanode attained the saturated dye-adsorption state. The energy conversion efficiency (η) of DSC was enhanced from 4.86% to 5.34% by adjusting the TiO₂ photoanode from saturated to unsaturated dye-adsorption state.

Abstract: The tungsten modified Pd-based nanocatalyst for ethanol oxidation in alkaline media was prepared by an ethylene glycol reduction method, and the catalytic performances of the prepared catalysts were evaluated. The results show that the addition of tungsten improved the dispersion of metal nanoparticles on the support surface and thus increased the current density of Pd-based catalyst for ethanol electrooxidation. In addition, it was found that in the tungsten modified Pd-based catalyst, tungsten interacted with palladium, leading to a low onset potential and a decreased active energy for ethanol oxidation. On the other hand, it was also observed that the addition of tungsten improved the poison resistance of Pd-based catalysts for ethanol oxidation.

Abstract: Polyacrylamide Composite Diatomite as Raw Material Degradation-Resistant Oil Dehydration Experiments Conducted Deacidification，examine the Amount of Added Polyacrylamide, that:Polyacrylamide Dosage is 1g, Drying Temperature is Drying Temperature, Naoh Dosage on the Degradation of Impact-Resistant Oil. the Results Showed 25°C, Naoh Dosage of 1g of Circumstances,Degradation-Resistant Oil Resistant Oil Acid Acid Degradation from 0.34mgKOH/g Dropped 0.2mgKOH/g; Moisture from 8334.2mg/L Dropped 4180.3mg/L. Compared with Ordinary Diatomaceous Earth, Diatomite Composite Polyacrylamide Degradation Resistant Oil Deacidification Dehydration Better and with Less Cheap, Suitable for Power Plants.

Abstract: Effects of factors on efficiencies of elements (C/H/N/S) and gaseous products were studied for lignite gasification in supercritical water. CO₂, CH₄ and H₂ are main gaseous products. Temperature plays the most important role. With higher temperature, total efficiencies of lignite and elements have linear increasement, and yields of CO₂, CH₄ and H₂ rise significantly while CO stays constant almostly. With pressure increasing, total efficiencies of lignite and elements are enhanced, and yields of CO₂ and CH₄ rise while change of H₂ and CO is small. With increasing of equivalence ratio of oxygen, efficiencies of C/H/N and lignite, yields of CO₂ and H₂ rise, but yield of CH₄ reduces. Increasing equivalence ratio of oxygen plays positive role in fixation of S on residues.

Abstract: Microwaves represent an alternative way of power input into distillation process. Through dielectric heating, reaction mixtures are homogenously heated without contact to a wall. Reaction times are significantly reduced compared to conventionally (thermally) heated systems while maintaining selectivity. In this paper, microwave field select heating on two-phase system has been investigated numerically and experimentally. Temperature increasing, heat transfer and evaporation during heating process were analyzed. The possibility of microwave used for distillation was examined and proposed.

Abstract: The coal of Zichang was selected as the sample coal, the physical properties of the ash is analyzed with ICP-AES. The ash fusion temperature was researched by adding different basic oxide contents. The results show that the general trend is decrease firstly, and then increase when adding basic oxides. Blended ash fusion temperatures do not change linearly with blending ratios and ash fusion will decrease when adding the contents of CaO, Na₂O and MgO, but the effect is different. Na₂O is best and CaO is second. Mineral composition and type at addition oxides were determined by XRD analysis. Some combinations of component coals mineral produce eutectic minerals at high temperature;It can explain the reason of oxides decrease the ash fusion. Vitreous minerals are formed to explain increase the fusion temperature.

Abstract: The development and technology of the hydrogen production from organic wastewaters through anaerobic fermentation were summarized. A expound and conclusion about the anaerobic fermentation types and the influencing factors of hydrogen production were included. Some present factors which obstruct the development of the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation were raised which made a prospect of the bio-hydrogen anaerobic fermentation technology.

Abstract: Gaoyou Sag light hydrocarbon characteristics of crude oil a systematic study group and the oil is well divided. Characteristics of the light hydrocarbon ring parameters and carbon preference index in Mango revealed that depression source of crude oil, and hydrocarbon source rocks are typical lacustrine depositional environment; C6-7 light hydrocarbon compositions of research and found that the C7 light hydrocarbon n-heptane, the relative content of methyl cyclohexane and methyl cyclopentane quite relative content of n-hexane in the the C6 light hydrocarbon composition of dominant these characteristics indicate that the depression comes from rot muddy (I) organic matter; light hydrocarbon comparison star graph and maturity parameters in Gaoyou Sag, the group divided into A, B two groups, A group is low maturity crude oil Paleogene the Funing group (Elfl-4), B group is mature crude oil Paleogene Department of Dai Nam group (E2d1-2) and Cretaceous Taizhou the group (K2t1-2).

Abstract: The sintering temperature of coal ashes plays a great important role in the design and operation of fluidized-bed gasifier. The sintering temperatures (Ts) of Huolinhe lignite (HLH) ashes under different atmospheres and pressures were tested by self-made pressure-difference measuring system. The results show that the Ts under reducing atmosphere (H₂, CO or the mixture of 50% CO and H_2, volume ratio) are lower than those of under oxidizing atmosphere (O₂, CO₂, N₂). The Ts of HLH ashes decrease with the pressure increase, it changes slightly under low pressure, and decrease clearly under 0.7~1.0 MPa, after that, decrease slightly again with the pressure increase further.