Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 448-453

Abstract: We established a method fordetermination of nitrate in water by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC). The sample was analysed by HPLC-ADA and was quantitated by externalstandard method after being simply processed. This methd has the advantages ofhigh separation efficiency and fast analysis. The experiment result showed thatthe linearly dependent coefficient was0.994, the recovery rate was between 98.7%～105.7%,the relative standard deviation（RSD）wasless than 2.1 %, and the lowest detectable limit is 0.01ng (S/N=1.6).

Abstract: This research applies dynamic remote sensing and conventionally terrestrial fixed plot techniques to monitor wetland in Suzhou on a multiple scale. It investigates the components of Suzhou urban wetland and its ecological features with a comprehensive analysis of the types of urban wetland, its water resources and land use conditions. This research aims to establish a remote sensing monitoring index system and further build connections among monitoring, evaluation, planning and policies. It also wishes to use modern theories and technologies of ecology and ecological engineering to propose a model and a constructive plan for ecologically restoring the urban wetland in Suzhou which will provide relevant theoretical and technological support for ecological restoration and reconstruction.

Abstract: This article discusses biochar adsorption and its effects on soil and discusses the future trends in this area. The large surface area, and many oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar determined by the feedstocks and the condition in pyrolysis affect the capacity of biochar to adsorb fertilizer, water, heavy metals and organic pollution. With enriched porous structures, biachar can increase the porosity and water retention capacity of soils. With the functional groups and the composition, biochar have a high adsorption capacity for fertilizer, heavy metals, organic pollutants. This paper provides an overview on the biochar sorption in fertilizer, heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil and its implication for soil to keep soil fertilizer as a controlled-released carrier and to improve soil environments as landscaping organic mulch, as well as for remediation of contaminated soils. Further research directions are identified to ensure a safe and sustainable use of biochar as a soil amendment.

Abstract: In light of urgent requirement of onboard ballast water treatment, this paper presents a laboratory study of an application of a novel wall-flow structure porous ceramic filter (PCF), with employment of UV light. It has been found that, for onboard treatment, the operational conditions may significantly affect the filter performance. To obtain optimal operational conditions and high filtration efficiencies on plankton, PCF was studied systematically though computational prediction and mathematical analysis. According to the strict criteria of International Maritime Organization (IMO) on ballast water treatment, high density of indicator algae were mixed into simulated ballast water as processing targets, and nearly 100% removal efficiencies are expected. Flow rate, algal density and algal size were chosen as three key operational conditions, was investigated on a 6L PCF. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the significance of the three factors on the response values of algae removal efficiencies.

Abstract: Backwash was very important for ensuring the successful performance of biological aerated filter (BAF). Through the experiment, combined air-water backwash mode were taken in BAF backwash and water backwash were 5~7L/(m²·s) and air backwash 13~17L/(m²·s) with the backwash period 24h and the backwash time 15min. It took 5~6h to recover to the optimal performance after backwash.

Abstract: s: It is a catastrophe for the whole nation to the Lushan earthquake. This earthquake not only had caused the devastating destruction to the social economy, peoples lives and property, but also destroyed the national eco-system, changed the preliminary geomorphic, led to the casualties of the wild animals and plants. Simultaneously, the giant panda which is viewed as the peoples friend and the national treasure cant escape the catastrophe in the earthquake. The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary lies in the earthquake-stricken area. The giant panda were viewed as the endangered species by the International Union for the Conversation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and were chosen as the emblem of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), symbolizing natural conservation and world wildlife protection. After the Lushan earthquake, the giant pandas were given enormous concern by the UNESCO world heritage center. Therefore, it is very important to investigate to destroy the Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary by the earthquake. This work could benefit us to know about the damaged natural ecosystem, the extent of damaged Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries. It had the great significance to protect the giant panda and to put forward the strategies for the restoration and reconstruction of Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries.

Abstract: Aiming at the toxic effect of Cr³⁺ on the activated sludge in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process system, the article researched the toxic effect of Cr³⁺ on activated sludge and sewage processing in SBR process system through detecting the COD changes of SBR activated sludge with different chromium loads and different initial SVIs. The results show that when chromium load level is lower than 12.5mgCr³⁺/g mlvss, Cr³⁺ can promote activated sludge to adsorb organic substance COD. The effect is affected by the initial SVI which exerts impact on the toxic effect of chromium load on activated sludge within the tolerance range. When it is within the non-tolerance range, the final effluent COD of the system increase apparently. In the process, COD change curve is rather gentle; and the time of arriving at a rather low COD is relatively delayed. The system tolerance of chrome toxicity with a low initial SVI is comparatively strong.

Abstract: This article dealt with the synergistic effect of plant and microbe on malachite green decolorization. Plant (Canna generalis) and microbe (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were adapted to culture in 20 mg.L^-1 malachite green solution alone or combined for 7 d or 14 d,after culture the residual concentration of the malachite green solution were determined. The results indicated that P. aeruginosa used alone was useless to malachite green decolorization, while C. generalis used alone removed 42.6%-53.2% of malachite green in 7 d-14 d culture, and the combined use of C.generalis and P.aeruginosa removed 60.4%-75.5% of malachite green. P.aeruginosa and C.generalis had synergistic effects on malachite decolorization. This research was benifited for the actual use of combinational remediation of malachite green by plant and microbe.

Abstract: The research studied the treatment ways of discharging coking residues and the distribution characteristics of PAHs in two kinds of typical coking residues. The outputs of coal tar (100,000t/a for Plant A, 84,000t/a for Plant B) were great and it had become an important by-product. Coal tar residue, with the yields of 4,500 t/a and 6,400 t/a for Plant A and B, respectively, were always reused for coal blending. The concentration of PAHs with 5-6 aromatic rings was 1.08×10⁴ mg/kg in coal tar residue, the concentration of PAHs in coke discharging smoke & dust (28.81 mg/kg) was relatively low compared with coal tar residue. The ∑BaPeq were 4.2×10³ mg/kg and 0.71 mg/kg for coal tar residue and coke discharging smoke & dust, respectively.

Abstract: To solve problems associated with water pollution, as well as environmental disputes caused by discharge non-compliance, an intelligent zero discharge and integrated anti-corrosion design was used. This was based on a 330kV substation sewage treatment project. This design provides intelligence and zero discharge for the substation sewage treatment process. It also optimizes the use of technology to provide the economic benefits of a full life cycle. The design will provide notable environmental and economic benefits.