Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 448-453

Abstract: Preventive resettlement of populations located in high-risk areas is a corrective measure in which all or part of a community is relocated because of the high risk of disaster. Such a measure should be seen as a last resort, when it is impossible to mitigate risk factors associated, for example, with landslides, the likelihood of volcanic eruptions, or severe flooding that cannot be controlled. It constitutes aprogressive-corrective measure in which action is taken to address not only exposure to existing risk but also the factors underlying vulnerability. Multilevel multinomial qualitative indicators are involved in evaluation of the planning and implementation of preventive resettlement. In order to enhance the scientific level of planning and implementation, it forms the evaluation index system. AHP approach will be used to determine the index weight. Using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, combined with the TG reservoir resettlement planning and implementation of disaster prevention program, are optimization analysis on obstacle planning scheme and implementation of preventive resettlement.

Abstract: This paper will employ the push-pull theory and Todaro Model of migrants to analyze push force, pull force and resistance and make a multi-dimensional analysis of the relationship of migrants and disaster reconstruction from the perspective of people-land, people-economic, people-social relation. On basis of this, this paper will investigate the gap between the basic appeal from immigrant people in Three Gorges Reservoir Region due to geological disaster and policy supply as well as build a scientific incentive mechanism (interest inspiration, policy guarantee, desire inspiration of livelihood) for population transfer. The practice indicates that establishment of the mechanism provides an important guarantee for smooth implementation of the immigrant project in Three Gorges Reservoir Region and raises Three Gorges people willingness to immigration.

Abstract: An Eco-industrial Park (EIP) is an industrial park developed according to the theory of industrial ecology, which can significantly reduce industrial pollution and improve regional or local sustainability. On the account of the requirements on energy and material flows connection, the construction and development of EIPs are contingent for effective environmental plannings. China initiated the construction of EIPs during foundation of the previous economic and technological development or high-tech districts in 2001, by classifying EIPs into 3 categories: Integrated Eco-Industrial Park, Sector Eco-Industrial Park and Venous Industry based on Eco-Industrial Park. In each category, EIP contributes significantly to the regional and local economy as well as regional and sustainable development. The environmental planning for EIP is guided by three independent standards and by the HJT 409-2007 guides for the establishment of EIP Planning, which makes regulations on the principles, methods, contents and detailed requirements of the EIP planning. The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of EIP planning in China. This article reviews the theory and practice of EIPs in China and summarizes Chinas environmental planning (EP) system. A case of EIP is presented for qualitative analysis and for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the EIP planning. The results of the evaluation on both the achievements and the processes of plannings goals, from the perspective of environmental carrying capacity (ECC), reveal the challenges of EIP planning in China. Then recommendations are provided on how to improve Chinas EP system for EIP to achieve the desired results.

Abstract: Land planning is plans and arrangements to a certain of areas the ahead of future land use, and involving social, economic, resource and environmental and other aspects of the planning area, to social economic development and ecological environment will have a profound impact,Land planning environmental impact assessment is analysis, pre-monitoring and evaluation after the implementation of land use planning producting the potential environmental impact, and on this basis from the environment point of view ,raised the best solution for planning and adjustment proposal, so it carried out environmental impact assessment to guarantee the correctness of decisions is essential as soon as possible.

Abstract: The risk management of watershed ecology is an important topic in the field of water resources management. To improve the present situation of the water ecological risk management in Songhua River and Liao River watershed, based on the policy of eco-management of the important water function zone in China, and the potential risk source investigation of watershed, investigate hazard components, predict risk probability and the possible negative effects, put forward the mitigation measure on water ecological response in watershed. It is necessary to explore water ecotoxicological variation, resolve biodiversity watershed, establish a suitable ecological evaluation index system, and put forward the multi-objective of optimizing management strategies.

Abstract: The low-dose and combined effects of aniline, 2-methyl-aniline, 3-methyl-aniline, 4-methyl-aniline, nitrobenzene, 4-methyl-nitrobenzene, phenol, 2-methyl-phenol, 3-methyl-phenol, 4-methyl-phenol, dimethyl phthalate, and diethyl phthalate on photobacterium Vibrio qinghaiensis were predicted and evaluated by using concentration addition and independent action models. The mixture effects can be predicted by concentration addition and independent action models. Combined effect of environmental pollutants should be considered in risk assessment practice.

Abstract: Jiangxi province is abundant in tourism resources. Under the stimulus of Poyang lake strategy, the tourism economy grows continuously, while tourism developments cause more serious environmental damage. Based on the perspective of tourism development, this paper has a study on the estimation of environmental loss by using relatively mature evaluation methods. The results show that environmental loss caused by tourism development can not to be ignored, also further reveal the importance and necessity between Poyang lake region economy sustainable development and endogenous factor of tourism ecological environment. And the harmonious development between tourism economy and environment is imperative.

Abstract: In this paper we give an overview of the main methodologies available today to estimate the human health risk of environmental chemical mixtures, including joint effect indices, concentration addition, independent action, two-step prediction, INFCIM model, ICIM model, integrated addition model, median-effect equation, hazard index, point of departure index, margin of exposure, relative potency factor, toxic equivalence quantity, cumulative risk index, and toxic unit summation.

Abstract: The speciation of the heavy metals Cu, Cr, and Pb in surface sediment samples collected from Lugu Lake in China was analyzed by European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction methods. Heavy metal bioavailability was assessed by risk assessment code. This study demonstrates that BCR sequential extraction methods and risk assessment code can be used as valuable tools to assess heavy metal mobility, bioavailability and eco-toxicity. The distribution of Cu, Cr, and Pb in the surface sediment of Lugu Lake showed that all three metals were mainly present in the reducible fraction. The bioavailability of the heavy metals in the surface sediment was in the order Cu > Cr > Pb.

Abstract: This study investigated the relation between seasonal stratification and sediment phosphorus release in a seasonally stratified lake. Lake quality monitoring was conducted for 10 months from April 2010 to January 2011 in Lake Hongfeng, southwestern China. Destratification generated strong mixing from surface to bottom waters in the early autumn. The lake water was well-mixed vertically within 3 days and became anoxic within next few months. Total phosphorus concentrations of the whole water column increased by 15-20% as a result of high surface sediment concentrations of total phosphorus and reactive phosphorus. In seasonally stratified lakes, high reactive phosphorus content in sediments may form a larger flux of dissolved phosphorus in the sedimentwater interface following turnover. Technical measures should be taken to increase dissolved oxygen concentration and control the water circulation in this lake, especially during the cooling period, to weaken the effect of destratification and prevent sediment phosphorus release.