Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 505-506

Abstract: In order to ensure flight safety and efficiently sequence departure aircraft in airspace class D, a sequencing model for scheduling the sequence of departure aircraft in airspace class D was discussed. Model's objective is minimizing the loss of delays under the premise separation minima which is used to keep the safety between proceeding aircraft and following aircraft must be satisfied. Then the model is transferred to pure integer nonlinear program model so that it can be solved by some program software like Lingo. At last, a numerical example is used to illustrate the process of solving the model. The numerical example shows that the model proposed in this paper is extremely efficient and model used for the aircraft sequencing in the airspace class D is feasible.

Abstract: In order to study on the characteristics of phone distraction of drivers and its effect on traffic safety and traffic flow. Driver Behavior Questionnaire and Driver Skill Inventory surveys of 139 drivers were conducted combined with the basic situation of China, the SPSS software was used to analyze the processing of the survey results. The study found that the phone distraction will reduce drivers recognition ability of emergency event and driving performance, prolonging the reaction time of driver, it also has certain influence on lane changing behavior and safety following distance. In view of the problems existing in the research, four advices of driving training, publicity of legislation, punishment and technology were put forward.

Abstract: The scheduling problem of shunting locomotive in marshalling station can be described as a single machine scheduling problem with distinct due window, the paper established the model of using shunting locomotive by taking the minimized the total number of tardy trains as targets. The paper proposed an adjustment method for train break-up and make-up sequence as a model algorithm, the model algorithm can be used to get the optimal train break-up sequence and make-up sequence. Based on the actual data of Fuyang North station, the paper used matlab program to realize the model algorithm, and got the optimal train break-up sequence and make-up sequence of Fuyang North station. The algorithm was proved feasible and effective.

Abstract: Data was gathered in order to obtain the conflict index at signal intersection when pedestrians crossed the street, and SOMK algorithm was applied to the four indexes of clustering, then index can be applied to evaluate the risk degree of signal intersection after index selection. A signal intersection was selected which was a main-secondary road intersection to simulate with VISSIM. On the basis of quantitating the pedestrian-vehicle conflict at signal intersection, calculated weighted average of the every conflict risk degree in the peak hours at the intersection, then resulted in intersection safety score of pedestrians crossing in peak hours, and evaluated safety grade according to the score. Compared and analyzed the results of actual investigation and simulation, which ensure the simulation model is effective. Afterwards the simulation can be taken into practical application based on its effectiveness.

Abstract: Situation of two wheelers is severe in China, and in order to find out direction to decrease injury, this paper researched correlation between accident factors and casualties. The correlation analysis were made between Human, Time and Scene factors and injury conditions by Chi-square test based on in-depth traffic accident investigation data among motorcycle, two-wheel electric bicycle and bicycle accident. The results show that there are seven factors indicated statistical significance at low grade correlation with casualties among motorcycle and two-wheel electric bicycle. Bicycle have three factors show the middle grade correlation, and Age is the strongest correlation factor with V value 0.39.

Abstract: China In-Depth Accident Study (CIDAS) group collects accident data by on-scene investigate way in Changchun, Beijing, Weihai, Ningbo and Foshan. Based on the CIDAS data, this study analyzed the group characteristics and body injury distributions of the casualties in motorcycles, electric bicycles and bicycles. As a result, the mixed driving is the major environmental factor for cars to two-wheelers accidents, and most of such accidents happened in crossroads. Moreover, 16 to 65 years old two-wheelers injury users accounted for 62.0% of the total two-wheelers casualties.Within the two-wheelers injury users over 46 years old, users with AIS4 injuries occupied 22.4%. Besides, AIS4 bicycle injuries over 46 years old accounted for 47.6% of the total injury users over 46 years old. A similar injury parts distribution and AIS grade distribution in the same injury part were found among the casualties of motorcycles, electric bicycles and bicycles users.

Abstract: Vehicular trajectories are firstly achieved on the basis of vehicle time and space information obtained from VISSIM simulation. Via simulating setting loop detectors at different locations and collecting traffic data in different time intervals, different traffic flow fundamental diagrams on the basis of the detect data are then generated. Finally, comparing these fundamental diagrams, two conclusions are achieved. The loop detective interval has a significant impact on fundamental diagrams while the detector location has an extremely limited influence. Particularly, fundamental diagram is more aggregated with longer data collecting interval and capacity is more easily to be obtained with longer distance between neighboring loop detectors.

Abstract: To evaluate the performance of different signal control strategies in intersection, based on the Hardware-In-The-Loop (HITL) simulation technology, a HITL system was established to perform experiment. In the system, microscopic traffic simulation software VISSIM created a virtual environment, in which the traffic flow can be controlled by the real signal controller. One type of intersection and four degrees of traffic volume were designed in the simulation program and three control strategies were set in the signal controller. Twelve simulations were performed in the system. The analysis of travel time and queuing length indicates that different strategies has remarkable influence on travel time, but no significant effect on queuing length.

Abstract: Traffic safety is of great significance, especially at urban expressway where traffic volume is large and traffic conflicts are highlighted. But little research up to date has discussed in detail how these factors impact the TTC characteristics. In this paper, field Beijing expressway data were collected by video with different locations, lanes, traffic conditions and following vehicle types. Accordingly, some basic descriptive statistics of total TTC samples were shown and analyzed. We then used T-test to analyze the effect of road environments, traffic conditions, and vehicle types on TTC statistically. The results implied three main findings. Firstly, TTC was found to change according to road environments (i.e. TTC on weaving segment is smaller than other locations), secondly, some evidence supported this hypothesis that traffic conditions (especially uncongested traffic condition) affect TTC significantly, and lastly, little correlation was found between TTC means and vehicle types.

Abstract: In this paper, a new anticipation driving car-following model (AD-TVDM) is presented based on the two velocity difference model (TVDM)[1], taking into the effect of anticipation driving behavior in real world. The nature of the model is investigated by using linear and nonlinear analysis method. A thermodynamic theory is formulated to describe the phase transition and critical phenomenon in traffic flow and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation is derived to describe the traffic flow near the critical point.