Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 744-746

Abstract: According to the climate and energy saving characteristics in the hot summer and cold winter zone, especially in view of requirements for thermal insulation in summer, reflective thermal insulation coatings (RTIc) are gradually applied in building energy efficiency of exterior envelope. A feasible evaluation method for energy saving effect is very important for acceptance of energy efficient building construction. In this paper, thermal resistance has been used as the evaluation index. The energy efficiency of the reflective thermal insulation coatings was investigated. Four hot boxes were applied contrast test. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of electricity consumption within 36 hours and comparative analysis of heating process simulating sunlight environment, thermal resistance of RTIc can be calculated on the basis of the correlation between power saving rate and thermal resistance so that energy saving effect of RTIc can be quantitatively characterized.

Abstract: Professional oil recovery ships are large oil response equipment which can be shared by several terminal owners in a region in order to save money and energy. The locations where the professional oil recovery ships be placed are directly related to the time they arrive at the oil spill accident spots. This paper aims at finding appropriate locations for professional oil recovery ships to minimize time of reaching the destination by considering the oil spill risk of the terminals and the channels. The center of gravity method is used in this paper when determining the locations of the professional oil recovery ships.

Abstract: The construction of water conservancy project will inevitably have some impact on the surrounding ecological environment, while construction of the water conservancy facilities is indispensable for the full play of wetland ecological function. It involving how to avoid damage to the local ecological environment in the process of large-scale water conservancy construction has become an important problem that construction of China's water conservancy project has to face.This paper analyses the construction of Qilihai south pumping station’s ecological and environmental impact on Qilihai wetland to give an example for the impact of water conservancy project.

Abstract: River play a very important role in regional landscape structure as an ecological element and corridor, and vegetation is very important for the healthy eco-system of a river. The advances of the research and application of near nature river training and vegetation measures were reviewed. The concept, content and function of ecological river training and near natural river training were discussed.. According to the principle of landscape biology, the positive influence of river vegetation on biodiversity was analyzed through edge effects, corridor effects and interference effects. On the basis of in-site experiments of more then ten sample rivers for years, it was concluded that to meet the needs of biodiversity conservation and maintain river ecosystem healthy and steady, in the design and construction of a river, the ecological function should take into due account, proper habitat conditions for plants and plant communities should be created through suitable plan layout, cross section, slope structure and construction material.

Abstract: Through analyzing statistically the status of large-scale swine wastewater pollution in Poyang Lake basin, we indicated that high concentrations of pollutants such as organic matters, heavy metals, and antibiotics has potential damage to air, waters, and soil environments. Based on the inductive analysis on the these status and an existing process, the feasibility of the technology responding to the wastewater from small-sized, medium-sized, and large-sized swine farm was recommended.

Abstract: Following the development of regional economy, especially the construction of Tianjin Binhai new district, environmental pollution and ecological hazards has been resulted from the pollutant discharge and reclamation etc. The environmental air quality is very important for the health of human being, so it is very important for analyzing and evaluating the environmental air quality for guiding the environmental management and control. In this paper, the environmental air quality of recent fourteen years in Tianjin is analyzed. Multiple scales method is applied to obtain the environmental air current situation. The results of analysis and assessment show the environmental air quality is becoming worse in recent years.

Abstract: Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section is taken as the research objective in this paper and NH₃-N is chosen as the water quality parameter. According to the discharge characteristics of point source pollutions and non-point source pollutions, a new method to estimate pollution loads-characteristic section load method is suggested and point source pollution and non-point source pollution loads of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section are calculated in the rainy, normal and dry season in the year 2007. The results show that the monthly point source pollution loads of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section are discharged stably, the monthly non-point source pollution loads of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section change greatly, the non-point source pollution load proportions of total pollution load of NH₃-N are gradually decreased in the rainy, normal and wet periods.

Abstract: Taking the area within 10 km along Beijing section of Jingcheng expressway as study area, this paper calculates the area changes and conversions of landuse types based on the land use map derived from TM images of 1995, 2004 and 2009, and analyze the variation of ecosystem services value of landuse types. The following results are gotten:(1) the construction of the expressway hadadramatic influence to the land use types along and the agricultural structure change obviously; (2) The total value is 20.77×10⁸Yuan in 1995, and increased to 20.96×10⁸ Yuan in 2004, then decreased to20.78×10⁸ Yuan in 2009; (3)The reduction of cultivated land and the increase of construction land were the most important reason for the loss of the ecosystem services value, but because of the increase of garden plot, the total ecosystem services value was stable and increased a littlefrom 1995 to 2009.

Abstract: The cause of heavy metal contamination in urban topsoil is discussed. Use factor analysis method on a single factor pollution index matrix,to screen three common factors whose accumulative contribution rate accounts for 95%, and then analyze coefficients of the rotating component matrix, and extract several heavy metal elements significantly associated with common factors for a comprehensively analysis of the cause of contamination.The results are as follows: the first common factor is significantly correlated with heavy elements Hg, Cu and Cd, whose main cause is industrial pollution; the second common factor is significantly correlated with heavy elements As, Pb and Zn, whose main causes are traffic pollution and industrial pollution; the third common factor is significantly correlated with elements Cr, Ni and Zn, whose main causes are domestic pollution and industrial pollution.

Abstract: The use of biomass for fuel will also reduce cost by avoiding the need to reduce the forest fuel loads for fire related implications. The unused woody residue which normally would be a source of C through natural is decay. Since the order of magnitude of estimate for the amount of biomass required for reduction in C emissions was within the range of coal-biomass feed systems, it is reasonable to assume that existing technology is adequate for the option. Thus, in forest management is an important factor to consider is the present and future ability to isolate C from the atmosphere. In this paper, the carbon balance of biological systems in the design, testing the effect of different plant configuration management solutions is simulated.