Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1004-1005

Abstract: In this study the effect of Ce³⁺ on activated sludge granulation were first studied. It was found that 50 mg/l Ce³⁺ significantly promotes the granulation of activated sludge and more compacted smaller aerobic granules are formed. Additional Ce³⁺ has no influences on COD removal efficiency, but improved the SOP removal efficiency significantly. Although protein contents in extracellular polymeric substances increased along with granulation in both reactors, protein content in EPS of Ce³⁺-fed granules was higher than that without Ce³⁺ addition. Polysaccharide contents in extracellular polymeric substances decreased slightly through the experiment in the two reactors. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacilli and cocci were dominant on surface of granules in both reactors. But there were more and longer rod-shaped bacteria on surface of Ce³⁺-fed granules.

Abstract: The adsorption capacity of two kinds of Ion exchange fiber (IEF) was compared to treat the wastewater contained CN_T and Cu, then adsorption efficiency of Poly Acrylo-amidino Triethylene tetramine Fiber (PATAF) was studied under different pH (7.5-9.0) and flow rate (80.4-160.8 BV⋅h^-1). The concentration of cyanide and complex ion were measured at pH=8, flow rate=126.0 BV⋅h^-1, and the desorption conditions were studied under different concentration and flow rate.

Abstract: The quaternary ammonium heteropolyphosphatetungstate compound is proved as a promising catalyst to accelerate the synthesis of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). As to enhance the efficiency of the catalyst, this paper investigated the process of regeneration of deactivated catalyst (DC) from reaction system of ESO. The single factor experiments were carried out to optimize the regeneration conditions and the optimize process conditions were as follows: acid solution at pH 3, m (deactivated catalyst):m (H₂O₂):m (H₃PO₄):m (cetylpyridiniumammonium chloride)=10:5:1:1,and stirred via mechanical and ultrasound agitation . Under above conditions, the epoxy value (≥6.0 %) of ESO which were catalyzed by generated catalyst and yield (≥92 %) were achieved.The results indicate that the activity of regenerated catalysts remain the same as that of the fresh catalysts and certify the economic feasibility of the process.

Abstract: Aquaculture waste water was a major sewage resource, and recirculating aquaculture is an important mode of aquaculture development. Potassium ferrate is a novel sewage treatment agent and the use of potassium ferrate as a aquaculture recirculating water purification agents had a very important significance in the theoretical and practical application. When the amount of potassium ferrate is 8mg / L, the removal rate of the total number of colonies is 98.8%, the removal rate of COD is 92.16%, 98.78%, and sulfide is 98.42%. For the total amount of ammonia and nitrite also has a certain effect, when the amount of potassium ferrate is 12mg / L, the nitrite removal rate was 44.61%, total ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 23.61%.

Abstract: This paper makes an experimental research of the thermal and wet reclamation technology of used sodium silicate bonded sand, determines the technological process of thermal and wet reclamation of used sodium silicate bonded sand, and found that the larger the size of sand lump is, the longer the granulation will take; the higher the water temperature is, the shorter time the granulation of sand lump will need; and the stirring of water can significantly reduce the granulating time of sand lump. The quality of sodium silicate bonded sand reclaimed by a combination of stirring scrubbing and flushing overmatches the sand reclaimed by pure flushing; and as the water temperature goes up, with the same conditions of reclamation, the content of residual Na₂O in the reclaimed sand will drop, and the ratio of removed binder film will increase. Compared to raw sand, the tensile strength of ester-hardened sodium silicate bonded sand mixed by reclaimed sand is slightly lower.

Abstract: A green method to synthesize the reduced graphene oxide using supercritical fluid has been developed, which is an environmentally friendly and efficient route. The reduced graphene oxide has been examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy. We have also studied the effects of reduction temperatures and supercritical fluids on the electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide. It was found that ethanol has higher reducing capability than CO₂ at all temperatures (200 - 400 ^°C) examined in this study for graphene oxide reduction. As a result, reduced graphene oxide (6300 S/m) from supercritical ethanol treatment has 5 times as high conductivity as that from supercritical CO₂ treatment at the reduction temperature of 400 ^°C. This green process is applicable for large scale production of reduced graphene oxides for various practical applications.

Abstract: A novel non-halogen intumescent flame retardant agent (IFR) was prepared by using phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and aniline as raw materials. The structure and thermal stability of IFR were investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The flame retardant properties of IFR were investigated based on its inflation and char yield performance at 500°C. The results show that both the reaction time and mole ratio of raw materials have effects on the inflation and char yield of IFR.

Abstract: A novel non-halogen intumescent flame retardant agent (IFR) was prepared by using phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and aniline as raw materials, a flame-retardant poplar wood veneer was prepared by treating the veneer with IFR. The influence factors of flame retardant processing technology on poplar wood veneer were studied by the orthogonal experiment. Flammability of the veneer was investigated by Limit Oxygen Index (LOI) test. The optimal impregnated time, impregnated temperature and impregnated concentration of IFR treated poplar wood veneer were 3h, 80°C and 18% respectively, which can make the veneer get the highest LOI of 46.7%.

Abstract: The calix [6] arene and 5,11,17,23,29,35-butyl-25,26,27,28,29,30-diethyl phosphates calix [6] arene (EtPO6) were synthesized and their complexation with different metal ions were investigated. The calix [6] arene and EtPO6 were characterized by IR spectrum. The complexation between the host (calix [6] arene and EtPO6) and the guest (metal ions) were investigated by UV-VIS spectrum and extraction experiments. The results show that the complexation of metal ions by calix [6] aren ranked as Na⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Pb²⁺ > UO₂²⁺ > Fe³⁺ > Cr³⁺ > Ni²⁺, and the complexation of metal ions by EtPO6 ranked as UO₂²⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Fe³⁺ > Pb²⁺ > Na⁺ > Cr³⁺ > Ni²⁺. Compared with calix [6] aren, the extraction capacity of UO₂²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions by EtPO6 increased by 37.6%, 10.2%, 10.6%, 9.6%, 2.2%, 4.4%, respectively, while that of Na⁺ ion decreased by 22.3%.

Abstract: