Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1004-1005

Abstract: In this paper, the hygroscopic properties of three different gauze, that is common medical gauze, absorbable carboxymethyl gauze and absorbable oxidized gauze, were compared, and the kinetic analysis were studied. The results showed that, at 298K and RH80%, the moisture absorption rate of the three kinds of gauze follows the order of absorbable carboxymethyl gauze > absorbable oxidized gauze > common medical gauze. The moisture absorption kinetic analysis of the three kinds of gauze indicated that the second-order model proposed fits experimental data well with the correlation coefficient greater than 0.999.

Abstract: A sensitive method for determining residues of patulin in canned fruits was established by HPLC.Canned fruit samples were extracted with acetonitrile and purified through multifunctional cleanup column.Collected purifying liquids and blowed N₂ to nearly dry,and then using the mobile phase to dissolve and constant volume, and were determined by UV detection at 276 nm with external standard method for quantitative, the recovery rates of patulin in canned fruits were 80%~95%, The RSD were of 2.2%~6.5%,the limit of detection was 0.012 μg /kg for patulin.

Abstract: The bioactive glasses 58S was first prepared using sol-gel technique and the 45S5 bioactive glass was prepared through melting method. The above bioactive glasses were then grounded into fine powders, and each of the glass powders and their mixtures was doped with the porogen in certain ratios respectively. The bioactive porous materials were finally produced through sintering. We investigated the microstructure, surface morphologies, bending strength and bioactivity of the porous materials via in vitro method combined with DTA, SEM and FTIR techniques. The results show that the porous material made from the 58S and 45S5 mixture possesses the best bioactivity and bio-mineralization function among all samples, thus is a very promising bioactive material for bone defects filling or bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

Abstract: The preparation of lactic acid (LA) from the conversion of carbohydrates through chemical ways has received much attention as a way of producing platform chemicals from renewable resources, but harsh reaction conditions were usually employed especially when environmentally benign solvent (water) was used as the reaction media. In this work, polymerizates of imidazole and epichlorohydrin ([IMEP]Cl) have been used as catalysts for the conversion of maltose to LA. Several factors, including the temperature, the NaOH concentration, the [IMEP]Cl loading and the maltose concentration, were found to affect LA yield, and the process was optimized by method of orthogonal experiment. The order of significant factors was found to be maltose concentration > temperature > [IMEP]Cl loading > NaOH concentration. The optimum yield of LA was 48.5%. This route provides a new strategy for carbohydrates conversion to produce fine chemicals.

Abstract: In order to improve the steady permeate fluxes during the emulsified oil wastewater treatment using precoated dynamic membrane, a coupling process of precoating dynamic membrane with ultraviolet photocatalysis was studied. Impacts of the ultraviolet light power, pH values and the oil concentrations on improvement of the steady permeate fluxes were investigated. The results showed that the ultraviolet photocatalysis effectively improved the steady permeate fluxes and reduced the membrane fouling resistances during the emulsified oil wastewater treatment. The dynamic membrane steady membrane fluxes increased with the rise of ultraviolet light power and decrease in liquid pH values and oil concentrations. Impact of the ultraviolet photocatalysis on the oil retention ratio of precoating dynamic membrane was not obvious.

Abstract: In this work, samarium and antimony (Sm–Sb) codoped tin oxide (SnO₂) films have been successfully prepared on titanium (Ti) substrate by a facile sol gel method. The samples were characterized by X–ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composite film materials were used as anode for the electro-degradation of methyl orange solution. Two effective factors of electro–catalytic properties namely, the content of Sm in the SnO₂ samples and the calcination temperature, have been optimized based on the electro-degradation experiments. A moderately calcination temperature of 873 K and 1.0% Sm doping owned the best performance. The smaller grain sizes and optical band gap of the SnO₂ by introduction of the Sm improved electro-catalytic activity.

Abstract: The dehydration and minimization of sludge depended on filtering technology of geotextile is a hot issue in environmental project. By studying related process, the types, weaving forms, weaving structures and pore sizes of geotextile were tested. CPAM was the optimal flocculant with the dose of 90-110 mg/L and twill weaving geotextile with pore size of 0.5 mm was best. The final water content of sludge could drop to 40 %.

Abstract: In this study, MgFe₂O₄ is produced by the chemical coprecipitation method and supported by activated charcoal (C/MgFe2O4). It is observed by the FT-IR spectra and the true density. The dyeing wastewater modeled by dye Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B solution is dealt with H₂O₂ on the radiation of microwave and used the C/MgFe₂O₄ as adsorbent and catalyst. Tests are designed by the response surface methodology (RSM) to annalyze and optimize the process. The optimum condition is: 3 gram of C/MgFe₂O₄, the pH of 5, 1.1mL H₂0₂, the microwave power of 150W. The results say that C/MgFe₂O₄ is very good on catalyzing the degradation of dyeing wastewater when using the H₂O₂ under microwave irradiation.

Abstract: Combination of disinfection method gives advantages. In this work, inactivation of E. coli using ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound is evaluated. Growth curves of bacteria were investigated to reveal the inactivation activities of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound. The effects of combination of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound, ultrasound time, ultrasound induction point and the induction order of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound were studied. The results suggested that combination of ZnO nanofluids and ultrasound gives better inactivation effect on E. coli when comparing with single disinfection method. Ultrasound for 10 s helped ZnO nanofluids inhibiting bacteria better than ultrasound for 30 s /60 s. Ultrasound induction point (at 0 hr, 2 hr or 4hr) did not affect on ZnO nanofluids to exhibit the inhibiting property. Induction ultrasound prior to adding ZnO nanofluids showed the better inactivation effect on E. coli. The results also displayed that in this work, ultrasound was mainly worked as a pre-treatment step, instead of a disinfection method.

Abstract: Adsorption ability of chromium in wastewater by purified diatomite as the adsorbent material was studied. The influence of the diatomite dosage, adsorption time, chromium concentration, pH value and reaction temperature to chromium removal rate was got. The results show that under the condition of the diatomite dosage of 9.0g, adsorption time of 90 min, chromium concentration in wastewater of 5mg/L, wastewater pH of 6, and temperature of 30°C, diatomite adsorption removal rate to hexavalent chromium can reach 91.6%. The main adsorption mechanism is the combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, and the latter is dominant. The cost of diatomite as adsorbent is low, and a good removal rate of chromium can be reached, which provides a solid theoretical basis for the removal of chromium in wastewater.