Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1010-1012

Abstract: The freshness of red sea bream stored under 0°C was analyzed by physical methods, the indicators including the texture, color difference and water holding capacity. The hardness, springiness and cohesiveness showed fluctuant decrease during the storage of 21 days. All of them correlated negatively with the storage time (r=-0.61, -0.60 and-0.68, respectively). While the gumminess and chewiness did not show evident correlations with time. The values of resilience were decreased significantly with storage time (r=-0.81). The L* values kept increasing within the first 12 days of storage, and then decreased until the end of storage. The a* values decreased with the over time, while the increase of b* values were observed. The water holding capacity decreased within 9 days and then increased in the following 6 days. However, 15 days later, it decreased again. The results showed that the resilience, b* values and water holding capacity significantly correlated with the storage time.

Abstract: Abstract: The coconut is a one of the main economic crops in the tropical region of China, and is also a selling one in summer in Hainan.But the way to punch or suck the coconut juice is still a manual work and has more than one process at present. Therefore, we studied and designed a machinery which is based on hydraulic control system, and can finish the work of clamping coconut, punching sucking juice together. It has simple structure,costs low, easy to assemble and efficiency as well.

Abstract: The effects of different packaging materials (including CPP, LDPE, HDPE, PP₆, PP₁₂, OPP and PO) on the changing of O₂ and CO₂ content in Red Fragrant Pear MAP during storage at different initial air conditions were studied in this paper. Gas composition was affected by respiration rate of pear and the permeability of packaging material remarkably. The results showed that OPP, LDPE and CPP were better for maintaining the desired atmosphere composition of O₂, CO₂, N₂ during preservation of red fragrant pear. In addition, 100% N₂ as initial gas was more suitable to preserve red fragrant pear than that with air or vacuum significantly.

Abstract: In order to reduce the quality safty risk of liquor from the source, the biological,chemical and physical hazards of the raw materials and accessories of the cereal liquor was analyzed, the internal traceability system with raw materials and accessories inspection and supplier evaluation as the core was established by applying HACCP. In addition, Hazard of each agricultural production process was analyzed, the traceability system of raw materials and accessories supplier was established by using traceability theory.It realized the seamless full traceability in the inner of the enterprise and outside supplier based on current sourcing practices.According to the study,some suggestions were given about how to improve the traceability control of liquor raw materials and accessories in production mode, cooperation methods, incentives, contingency plans and information construction.

Abstract: Three different plastic packaging (CPP, LDPE and HDPE) were researched on preservation of carp in this study, and the indicatiors of color difference and sensory evaluation were tracked. Color difference of carp block muscle was analyzed by CR-400 chroma meter, and the value of L*, a* and b* were measured at different stage of storage. At the same time, sensory evaluation was conducted. The results showed that the value of L* a* and b* all increased along with storage days, which indicated that the color of the carp block skin turning lighter, redder and yellower. The material of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) could be better for keeping muscle color of carp during storage. However, the results of sensory evaluation showed that Cast Polypropylene (CPP) was better for keeping shelf quality of carp block. There was negative correlation between color difference and sensory evaluation. The value of b* could better represent sensory score in MAP, for it was correlate significantly with sensory evaluation in all three types of packaging.

Abstract: By measuring temperature, humidity, SO₂ concentration of phase point controlled atmosphere storage to study its technical characteristics. The results shows that the temperature change of phase point controlled atmosphere storage is less than cold storage, its temperature change range is ±0.1°C. Humidity remained at about 94%.The distribution of SO₂ concentration is uniform.

Abstract: The melon yoghurt were prepared by blending 20% milk with 30% melon juice before fermentation.The influences of melon juice,stabilizer,sucrose,inoculum,fermentation temperature and time were studied by the single factor experiment;the optimum conditions were investigated by the orthogonal experiment.Different chemical and microbiological characteristics and organoleptic assessment were analyzed to assay the quality of the yoghurt during refrigerated storage at 4°C for 21 days.The results show that melon juice dosage,sucrose amount,fermentation temperature and time have significant effect on the acceptability of yoghurt.The optimal conditions of melon yoghurt are: 35% melon juice,0.2%stabilizer,3%sucrose, 4%inoculation,fermentation at 43°C for 5h.The results of chemical analysis revealed protein contents is 4.0%,fat contents is 3.2%,the total solids content is 11.6%,the titratable acidity is between 70°T and 85°T. The microbiological examination revealed a tolerable level for the samples cultures.The sensory scores increased especially for yoghurt samples,which was obtained by the optimal conditions.

Abstract: The cold storage temperature in China is required at-18°C. At the temperature, microbial breeding is almost completely stopped, biochemical changes are greatly suppressed in the food. However, the evaporator surface will frost easily at the low temperature. Because of the high thermal resistance of frost layer, the heat transfer effect becomes worse. It also led to the decrease of the evaporation temperature, the power consumption of refrigeration unit increases and dry food consumption is huge. Therefore the experiment research of the heat exchanger in a certain air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity condition and the optimum working condition of the food refrigeration has a practical guiding significance to the food refrigeration. Experimental results show that the economic defrosting cycle is set to 2 ~ 3 hours, defrosting time is set to 25 min ~ 40 min.

Abstract: According to the Twelfth Five-year Program, China is a big energy consumption country and the energy shortages have constrained the development of China's economy. Of all the energy, one third is used by vehicles. More than 10 million barrels of oil is needed a day due to the new vehicles annually. While only in Beijing the bad driving habit will lead to three billion liters of oil consumption per year. Besides, the emission of vehicles is also the mainly resource of environmental pollution. Recently, many place of our country has thick frog and haze which has something to do with the increasing vehicles. In this paper, we’ll describe bad driving habit and explain how they lead to fuel consumption and environment pollution in detail through theoretical analyze and experiment. By guiding drivers using proper driving skill can not only reduce fuel consumption but also protect our environment which has practical significance.

Abstract: By using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, the weight coefficient of evaluation system for low-carbon industrial park has been analyzed. The structure model and model matrix have been established. Combined with specialist suggestions, using calculation equations, the scores of the weight coefficient of evaluation system have been analyzed and determined. Finally a set of allocation scheme is developed reasonably and an evaluation standard for low-carbon industrial park is finished. Energy utilization and GHG management, recycle economic and environmental protection, financial security mechanism and application of planning are chosen as the criterion layer. The standard can be used as a guide to promote the supervision of low-carbon development for industrial parks in China.