Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1073-1076

Abstract: In order to fully understand the status and hazards of the province’s mining, master mine geological environment problems caused by mining, develop mine geological environment survey in Jilin Province. According to the survey data, confirm the various influence factors of the mine geological environment, use the “comprehensive evaluation method” to quantitative evaluation of mine geological environment of the province. Divided into three grades, namely mine geological environment extremely affected zone (I), mine geological environment very affected zone (II), mine geological environment slightly affected zone (III).

Abstract: This paper explored cost-benefit analysis in the economic assessment of environmental impact of construction projects, proposed the objects and methods of economic evaluation of environmental impact, constructed a comprehensive evaluation indicator system. The indicator system reflected external economic characteristics of construction project environmental impact. Finally, this paper introduced the indicator algorithm, achieved the environmental impact measurement of monetization.

Abstract: With the development of the economy and the progress of the society, human put up with higher and higher requirement for the quality of the ecological environment, which not only covers the protection and recovery of the ecological environment but also means rebuilding the human’s survival environment. The environment design of one area not only can beautify the environment but can also reflect a city’s spiritual civilized look and it has a special meaning. The relationship between the environment design and the ecology and humanity has been laid on an important position. How to carry out the concept of the sustainable development in the environment design has become a hot topic in the current environment.

Abstract: Quantitative data are essential in characterizing vegetation. Considerable attention has been paid to vegetation sampling techniques. A series of methods have been developed for tree density estimation which utilize spacing distances instead of fixed-area quadrats. In this paper, a new plotless sampling method was proposed which we denominated a Point-centred quadrangle method. With the new method and a conventional distance method (point-centred quarter method), we investigated Larix principis-rupprechtii population in larch forests at Xiaolongmen Forest Station of Donglingshan Mountain, Beijing. Compared the two methods with quadrat method, the distance estimated by the new method needs to multiply by a coefficient for accuracy, and the precision of the new method are not better than the old one. However, this novel method is still usable for tree density estimation and is easy to use in wood engineering and forest survey work.

Abstract: Agricultural Non-point Source (AgNPS) pollution is one of the most important reasons for environmental pollution and unbalance of ecology. Nowadays, the negative impact of AgNPS pollution is increasing. Oasis and desertification exist at the same time in Xinjiang. The evaluation of economic loss caused by AgNPS pollution was carried out in the Manasi River Basin. The economic losses on AgNPS pollution were assessed by the methods of Concentration-Value Curve. Fertilizer overusing were focused on this research,which were major sources of AgNPS pollution. The results showed that environment economic loss caused by abuse of fertilizer was 8.115 million RMB in 2012.

Abstract: The environmental behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has attracted great research attention. However, their sorption mechanisms in organo-mineral complexes are still not specific enough. Batch sorption experiments with humic acid (HA) were carried out with iron oxide and their complexes adsorption phenanthrene (PHE) to determine the adsorption characteristics and mechanisms in this study. These results showed that the weakly polar and aromatic fractions of DOM preferentially adsorbed on the surface of iron oxide minerals. The organic matter (OM) binding on the surface of iron oxide played an important role for the adsorption of PHE, where van der Waals interactions and hydrophobic bonding, with ligand exchange at an electrified interface being the dominant reaction of HA adsorption to mineral. The sorption of PHE on organo-mineral complexes was controlled by π-π interactions and hydrophobic interactions.

Abstract: Internalization of environment cost assessment measures the level of an enterprise’s environmental cost internalization. It’s also the basis of carrying out recycling economic in an enterprise. First of all, we established an environmental cost analysis model, in line with which we build the internalization of environment cost index system. Then adopting comprehensive evaluation method basing on fuzzy neural network can help us assess the effect brought by the internalization of environment cost. Finally, we conducted an experiment which comparing fuzzy neural network with the fuzzy evaluation of environment cost objectively. So we can think it’s an effective method.

Abstract: There were 28 seawater samples collected from seawater of the oil spill area in Bohai Bay (China) during summer, 2013. The content of heavy metal was measured. The order of content from high to low was Zn, Cu, Cr, As, Pb, Cd, Hg, Zn, Cu in surface seawater. The order was Zn, Cu, As, Cd, Pb, Hg in the bottom. There was little difference between heavy metal content in the bottom and on the surface. According to the pollution index of points, sampling points are not affected by Cr and As; As for Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Hg, there were different effects on the sea seawater in Bohai Bay.

Abstract: Single factor water quality identification index (SFWQII) and Comprehensive water quality identification index (CWQII) were applied to the data of 6 parameters for water quality of West Lake at 10 different sites and 4 main inflows in the West Lake basin, generated during March 2012 to February 2013. This study evaluated and elucidated the temporal and spatial variation of each parameter on water quality and the main pollution factor of West Lake by SFQII. CWQII based on the SFQII was applied to evaluate the eutrophication level of West Lake and substantiated mesotrophic waters. Stable isotopes of nitrate were used to identify the nitrate sources of West Lake. The δ¹⁵N_NO3 values in samples from the West Lake and inflows had a range of 2.6‰ to 12.0‰, while the δ¹⁵N_NO3 values in Qiantang River was 5.3‰, in rainfall was 5.2‰ and in runoff was 3.6‰, respectively. Animal wastes, commercial fertilizer and domestic sewage were the main nitrate sources. The groundwater and denitrification might increase the levels of NO₃^- in West Lake.

Abstract: The climatic characteristics of haze and pollutants were analyzed based on surface observations obtained from Meteorological Observation Station and Environmental Monitoring Center Station from January, 2013 to March, 2014 in Wuhan. The high frequency of haze in Wuhan was from September to December, with following trend “winter>autumn>spring>summer”. According to the manual observation, haze occurrence at 11:00 was highest. The value of Air Quality Index (AQI) was highest in January and December. The primary pollutant in Wuhan was PM_2.5, secondly O₃. Horizontal diffusion played an important role in concentration of pollutants. The highest concentration of PM_2.5 converged around wind from north or east.