Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1073-1076

Abstract: Emissions of air pollutants from coal-fired power plants pose a threat to healthy living environment. Developing renewable energy and changing electricity generation structure dominated by coal-fired power has become a vital national strategy. In this paper, taking a rapidly urbanizing coastal area in southern Laizhou Bay of China as the study area, a scenario planning concerning substitution of wind power for coal-fired power in enterprise-owned power plants was conducted. Coupled with the electricity generation prediction by a grey prediction model GM (1, 1) and the calculation of pollutant emission intensity, we obtained three scenario schemes: no substitution (Scenario 1), low substitution (Scenario 2) and high substitution (Scenario 3). The results showed that Scenario 1 is not acceptable; Scenario2 is acceptable, but not ideal; Scenario 3 is optimal. The electricity generation structure under Scenario 3 has been radically converted from the type dominated by fossil fuel to one dominated by renewable energy, becoming an environment-friendly power generation framework with fairly low pollutant emission densities. This study can contribute to local managers to seek more concrete measures in mitigating the conflict between electricity demand and environmental health.

Abstract: This paper has proved that best material ratio is n (KAlSi₃O₈) : n (CaSO₄) : n (C) = 2:7:3 in carbon-thermal reduction of potash feldspar and phosphogypsum for preparation potassium sulfate, which is based on thermodynamic calculation and analysis, combined with experimental study. XRD analysis shows that generated solid content is K₂SO₄, CaSiO₃ and Ca₂Al₂SiO₇ at the batching system. Under the above ingredients system, the production ways of potassium sulfate have three possible. It depends on operating temperature of the system. At the same time, the phosphogypsum reduction conditions and decomposition rate is controlling factor that potassium sulfate is generated in the system.

Abstract: Steroid microbial conversion system is a complex but controllable system with multiple factors involved. In the process of steroid microbial conversion, strain screening and selection is essential to improving productivity and reducing costs. However, good-quality strains need optimal environmental conditions to best play their roles. Therefore, environmental conditions can significantly affect the conversion rate in addition to the quality of the strains utilized. Microbial environment includes physiological and biochemical environment, physical and materialized environment and hydro-mechanical environment. For example, the composition, pH value and dissolved oxygen of culture medium affect the physiological and biochemical environment; gas-liquid interface and liquid-solid interface of culture media affect the physical and materialized environment; scattered and mixed conditions of culture system affect the hydro-mechanical environment. Representative physical factors and their applications in steroid microbial conversion system are briefly reviewed herein.

Abstract: In this study, we report morphological transition of ABC triblock copolymer dissolved in special solvents that were good for the A block, poor for the B block, and marginal for the C block. The aggregate structure changes from rod to vesicle, and then to spherical superaggregates by changing the hydrophobicity of block B. Chain packing in different micelles is investigated.

Abstract: This template explains and demonstrates This article determines the oil content of Hevea brasiliensis seed by using ether as a solvent, and conducts a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composition of ratty acid in the oil of Hevea brasiliensis seed with gas chromatogram, thus certifying the composition and relative content of 8 kinds of fatty acid. We also determine the chemical composition of Hevea brasiliensis cake, the protein content in cake, and the existence of cyanic glucoside. All these provided scientific data for future comprehensive development and utilization of the natural source of Hevea brasiliensis seed.

Abstract: A rapid ultrasonic wave-assisted dansylation procedure was developed for the derivatization of cadaverine prior to HPLC determination. Cadaverine was quantitatively dansylated in 10 min using a ultrasonic power of 200 W and a operating frequency of 40 KHz .In this case, the excellent derivatising condition are determined as follows: pH of buffer, 9.5; concentration of dansyl chloride, 5 mg/mL; time of reaction, 10 min. This method is fast, reproducible and practical for the analysis of cadaverine.

Abstract: Influences of self-developed additives WEC02/WEC03 on sizing of mechanical pulp are analyzed in this study. The results indicated that the optimal dosage for paper sizing were 0.2% (w/w) for WEC02, with sizing degree of 33 s, and 0.8% for WEC03, with sizing degree of 52 s. In addition, the combined usage of WEC02 (0.2%) and WEC03 (0.6%) at pH7.0 could get better sizing performance than single application of WEC02 or WEC03 with sizing value of 77 s. It is obvious that WEC02/WEC03 have great potential to improve sizing efficiency in neutral paperrmaking, leading to saving the sizes dosage and cutting down the production cost.

Abstract: Response surface methodology was applied to investigate the optimum degradation conditions of paracetamol using Ag/BiVO₄ photocatalysts under the visible light irradiation. Experimental results show that the optimum degradation conditions were: catalyst dosage quantity was 80 mg, Ag-catalyst loading was 5%, and the initial pH value of the solution was 6, respectively. Under this condition, the degradation efficiency of paracetamol was 77.9% within 5 h under the visible light irradiation.

Abstract: It has been confirmed that thiourea (TU) was effective in inhibiting urea hydrolysis and nitrite formation. However, few studies focused on the toxicological effects and environmental impacts of TU. In this study, the influences of TU on the soil pH and available metals contents were reported. The addition of thiourea to the urea-treated soils led to a slower decrease or even increase in soil pH. The application of thiourea had slight influence on the content of available Cu in soils. Mn content increased with increasing TU concentration, however, the changes of Zn and Al contents were opposite. Pot culture experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of TU on the physiological characteristics of maize seedlings, including the plant growth, chlorophyll (CHL) content, metal ions uptakes and malondialdehyde (MAD) content in the leaves. 1 mmol kg^-1 soil thiourea significantly inhibited the growth of maize seedlings. The application of thiourea enhanced the Mn accumulation in leaves, and negatively affected the Fe uptake, which thereby inhibited the biosynthesis of CHL. There was not any noticeable difference in MDA content in plants treated with 1-2.5 mmol kg^-1 soil thiourea. An obvious increase of MDA content was found at 5 mmol kg^-1 soil thiourea.

Abstract: To prepare immune-affinity column (IAC) of citrinin, CNBr activated Sepharose 4FF was used as a carrier to couple with monoclonal antibody against citrinin. A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection method was used to determine the samples elution after the IAC cleaning up. The fluorescence excitation and emission maxima of citrinin were 331 and 500 nm, respectively. Citrinin is determined by HPLC with a retention time of 6.5 min (flow rate of 1 mL/min) with acetonitrile-H₂O (45:55, v/v, pH 2.0). The linear range is 1-500 ng/mL. The column capacity is 0.35 μg when using 0.5 mL CNBr activated Sepharose 4FF and 500 μg monoclonal antibody against citrinin. Average recoveries of citrinin from red yeast rice spiked at levels of 0.1-0.6 mg/kg range from 74.2% to 87.12%. 16 samples of red yeast rice were determined by HPLC with immune-affinity column. The results show 12 samples contain citrinin, and concentrations of citrinin of red yeast rice are 100.6~443.6 μg/kg. The IAC method is found to be highly effective, sensitive and convenient for isolating the target analyte from samples.