Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1092-1093

Abstract: Delineation of groundwater sources environmental quality red line fully embodies the strictest possible rules to protect the ecological system. Underground drinking water source protection area boundary should be the “red line” and its management requirement should be implemented in the “red line” area. As an example of underground drinking water in Tengzhou, groundwater sources environmental quality red line was delineated, using MODFLOW and MODPATH. The groundwater flow model was validated by 5 observation wells data. The results showed that the model could describe the actual situation of groundwater flow in the study area. The smallest error between calculated value and measured value was 0.42m and the maximum error was 2.09m. The area boundary of backtracking particle which had run 100 days was the groundwater sources environmental quality red line. The maximum distance from the groundwater source central position to the red line was 360m, and the minimum distance was 200m.

Abstract: In this paper, on the basis of the research on karst groundwater chemistry characteristics of Lancun spring area, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to evaluate the groundwater quality of Lancun spring area, and correlation analysis to predict the trend of groundwater quality. The results show that karst water of Lancun spring area is clean in general, which reached grade I. But in some area where industrial enterprises and towns residents are concentrated, items such as nitrate nitrogen content are relatively high. By 2025, the total hardness and Cl^- content of karst water in the majority area of the basin change little, but in several area the total hardness and Cl^- content show an increasing trend, but not excessive. Other regions show an increasing trend, but not exceeding standards of drinking water.

Abstract: Groundwater is an important part of the human living space and supplies us with high-quality freshwater resources. However, the intrusion of any foreign matter into groundwater may cause groundwater pollution. Once this happens, clearing, control and remediation can be very difficult: not only does it need a lot of money, it is also technically challenging and time consuming. In view of current research on groundwater remediation in and out of China, we propose a package of groundwater pollution investigation, groundwater pollution remediation technology and groundwater pollution control processes with a view to providing theoretical reference for future groundwater pollution remediation efforts.

Abstract: In this paper, according to the principles of representative and pertinence, comparability and measurable, independence and so forth, the index system of water environment capacity promotion in Jilin Province is established based on ways of structure, engineering and supervision, which consist of 1 target layer, 3 primary criterion layers, 6 secondary criterion layers and 16 concrete index layers, taking into account need of water environmental pollution control management and concept of environmental pollutant reduction, in order to provide reference for local water administration.

Abstract: An upwelling event that occurred off the east Hainan Island coast in summer 2010 is captured by processing the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea surface temperature (SST) data. High resolution Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) is employed to study this upwelling event, and is proved to provide good reproduction of this upwelling event by comparing ROMS SST with MODIS SST. It is detected that internal tide generated and interacted with the upwelling in the east Qiongzhou Strait areas. The upwelling and the internal tide modulated each other: the uplift of the isopycnal due to the fluctuation of the internal tide enhanced the upwelling; in another aspect, the upwelling changed the background stratification which is sufficient to control the amount of barotropic-to-baroclinic energy conversion and the preferred direction of baroclinic energy flux ^[21].

Abstract: Based on the precipitation data observed monthly of 19 weather stations in Hebei province from 1960 to 2011, three methods, linear trend estimation, Mann-Kendall test as well as Morlet wavelet transformation, were adopted to analyze the characteristics of precipitation trend, abrupt change points and cyclical variations under the circumstance of multi-time scales in the past 52 years. Annual precipitation had a decreasing trend, and precipitation in spring increased dramatically, meanwhile precipitation of summer decreased significantly; however, precipitations in autumn and winter were fluctuated in an acceptable range. There were various abrupt change points both in annual precipitation series and in spring as well as in summer, yet any abrupt change points were found in autumn and winter. Multi-scale periodicities were found by wavelet analysis in annual and seasonal precipitations.

Abstract: To compromise between comprehensive flood water utilization and the safety of reservoir flood control, two holistic indices are proposed in this paper, in order to characterize the influence of different reservoir inflow hydrographs on the safety of reservoir flood control, namely, the maximum elevation of reservoir routing (MERR) and the shortest discharging time (SDT).

Abstract: The 8 water samples of rain in Jinan were collected in the summer. A local meteoric line (LMWL) was got. And the derived equation is that δD = 8.19δ¹⁸O+ 8.89, which represents the local precipitation line. The precipitation water in Jinan is characterized by the high mean deuterium excess (d=10.9‰). The isotopic compositions in Xi’an were also be collected. And the local meteoric line in Xi’an is that δD=6.97δ¹⁸O+3.01, with a low slope The slopes of the meteoric line were different for the two sites, which can reveals some evaporation information about the precipitation.

Abstract: It is important to mitigate urban water-logging because it has become a kind of urban disease that often occurs in many cities in China. This paper proposes a new approach to control urban water-logging by building the LID-type road greenbelt, a sunken greenbelt along city roads. Three field grasslands were selected to test their infiltration capacities. The possible reduction in runoff volume was calculated for the scenario when the proposed LID-type road greenbelt is applied to all of roads in Xiamen island. The study results indicate that the mean value of steady infiltration capacity of these test grasslands is 2.61 mm/min. The calculated reduction in runoff volume is about 8.86 million m³ for the storm of 15^th-16^th May, 2013 that caused a serious water-logging problem in Xiamen island. The study result proves that the LID-type road greenbelt may have a great potential to mitigate urban water-logging.

Abstract: Shallow inland water resources has a large potential for development. To Jiyang shallow groundwater for example, through the regular ion-test analysis, Piper diagram and hydrogeochemical characteristics, the results show that: (1) The type of chemistry of shallow groundwater inland were Cl·SO₄-Mg·Na·Ca; (2) The salt water area is relatively fixed, there is no expansion or decreasing trend; (3) The level flow of shallow groundwater is slow and water rock interaction is strong, that is not conducive to the shallow groundwater quality improvement, changing the runoff conditions of shallow groundwater is essential way for shallow groundwater resources exploitation.