Advanced Materials Research Vol. 427

Abstract: The tourmaline-based composite materials as an effective thermal coating of heat exchanger unit were prepared from natural mineral tourmaline, transition metal oxides and carbon nanotubes. The far infrared emission properties and heat emission performance were studied. The results indicated that thermal performance of materials can be adjusted with the chemical composition of materials, and when the mass percentage of carbon nanotubes is 10%, the fractional of 26.77% of energy saving efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Electron irradiation on silicon results in the creation of vacancy (V) and silicon self-interstitial (I).Vacancy tends to integrate with oxygen and forms the complexes of vacancy and oxygen (V_mO_n) such as VO, VO₂, and VO₃. These complexes of vacancy and oxygen in silicon have been the subject of extended investigations by standard methods such as infrared absorption. In infrared spectrum, the different V_mO_n has the corresponding peak. Irradiation induced defects as the core of oxygen precipitate can accelerate the oxygen precipitation. Oxygen precipitation plays an important role in the internal gettering (IG). In electron irradiated silicon, annealing at 300700 °C leads to the formation of two types of electrically active centers that are shallow thermal acceptors (TAs) and the well-known thermal donors (TDs). In this paper, the generation conditions, the infrared peaks of V_mO_n, the types of oxygen precipitation induced defects, the characters of TAs and TDs are studied.

Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are new functional materials, which are developing quickly last years, especially as new hydrogen storage materials. This review introduces concept, characteristics, application, classification, and synthesis and development trend of metal-organic frameworks. Some new problems and difficulties in metal-organic frameworks study and next challenges are also discussed.

Abstract: The nanoporous metal-organic frameworks were synthesized under solvothermal conditions using organic solvent dimethylformamide. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TGA, FT-IR and specific surface area for their properties difference. When the reaction temperature rises, the particle size becomes larger. All TGA curves are the basically same, the framework structure begins to be destroyed from 500°C up to around 600°C. The metal-organic frameworks accepted at reaction temperature 190°C have larger specific surface area and better structure stability.

Abstract: With crystalline silicon solar battery industry is developing rapidly, there are scientific significance and application value for guiding the industrial production using analysis of the electrical properties of crystalline silicon solar battery. This paper studies that the main parameters of monocrystalline crystal silicon solar battery: the junction depth and superficial concentrations influence on electrical characteristics of monocrystalline silicon solar battery. The result shows that for maximum efficiency, it is bound to get the largest possible open circuit voltage, short circuit current and fill factor of the product, therefore, it is necessary to control the junction depth and doping parameters. If the junction depth is constant, with the increased superficial doping concentration of monocrystalline silicon solar battery, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery increases slowly at first and then rapidly decreases, and the deeper the junction depth is, the more obvious trend of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is. If the superficial doping concentration is constant, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is increased with the reductive junction depth of surface of monocrystalline silicon solar battery.

Abstract: The polyurethane rigid foam/expanded perlite thermal insulation composites (PPC) have been prepared by mixing the two-component polyurethane and expanded perlite. The effects of proportioning of constituents on the fireproofing performance of PPC were investigated according to maximum flame height using a small scale burner test. The results showed the expanded perlite has a great effect on the flame retardant properties of PPC.

Abstract: In this paper, the Food-grade sea cucumber / gelatin nanofiber was for the first time successfully prepared with electrospinning method. With the help of the infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, this paper analyzed the content of the nanosea cucumber powder and gelatin as well as the impact of different preparation methods on the crystalline of the Fiber membrane. Furthermore, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was utilized to observe the fiber morphology, and thus discuss the best content of gelatin. The Experimental result manifested that as electrospinning method was used in preparing the Food-grade sea cucumber / gelatin nanofiber membrane, the nanosea cucumber powder and gelatin dispersed well in the fiber membrane, while it did worse in the crystalline of membrane. As the Gelatin content of the spinning solution is 10 wt. %, the spinnabiliy as well as its fiber-forming properties is of optimum.

Abstract: Photoinitiator wastewater and its by-products contain many kinds of contaminant organics which induces COD in a high level, as a result of which, it is essential to take measures to reduce the organic contents. Interference effect of H₂O₂ and Cl^-1 on COD testing was investigated initially. The main parameters that govern the complex reactive system, i.e. H₂O₂/COD, H₂O₂/Fe²⁺, pH in solution was also studied by using L₂₅ (5⁶) orthogonal test so as to make sure the best degradation condition. It was shown that H₂O₂/COD=0.69H₂O₂/Fe²⁺=10:1pH=3 could ascertain the COD removal in a high level.

Abstract: The artificial plywood materials were prepared using natural minerals and inorganic oxide powders as the main fillers for urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive instead of flour. The method mentioned above has advantages in saving food resources, reducing cost of plywood, improving the quality of plywood and decreasing the release amount of free formaldehyde. On the basis of the research achievement both domestic, foreign and our experimental data, this paper mainly discussed the effect of filler on adhesive properties, bond strength of plywood, and free formaldehyde content, which provided reference for development of green environmental protection and low cost urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive minerals composite filler.

Abstract: The recent progress of co-pyrolysis of waste plastics contained chlorine or PVC with biomass was introduced. Different type raw materials of plastics and biomass, the experiments and facilities were presented. The characteristics of co-pyrolysis, the mechanism of reactions and kinetics studies were summarized, also. The development and prospect of this environmentally friendly wastes reclamation were proposed.