Advanced Materials Research Vols. 446-449

Abstract: The torsion of the multi-span aqueduct body was studied under the lateral seismic excitation by FSI computational analysis. The results show that the difference of stiffness of both sides has little influence on the torque of the aqueduct body. However, the influence of the torque on both end sections of the aqueduct body is not to be neglected. For the simply-supported beam aqueduct, if the centre moment of the aqueduct is adopted as the controlling condition to design the whole aqueduct body and when the bending-torsion effect is small, the safety of anti-seismic structures can meet the requirements. Otherwise, on the section between the centre section of the aqueduct body and the end slot section, the safety of anti-seismic structures could not meet the requirements.

Abstract: A new technique of long-distance pipeline transportation of soft clay, which is related to Non Newton--Bingham pipe flow studies. Propose a method of non-continuous pneumatic conveying method with surface film lubrication, which will obviously reduce the friction between pipe wall and mud column and the Viscous resistance of clay. The air is injected to form air-column between mud columns. Adjust the lengths of mud column and air column and their proportion, and make the pushing force bigger than or near equivalent to the resistant force, until the optimum air-mud ratio for the required delivery distance is achieved. Long distance transportation of soft clay through low pressure pipeline is achieved. The method, with the features of energy-saving, high efficiency, profitable, can be applied in fields of water conservancy, petroleum, chemical, mining, and environmental protection, etc.

Abstract: Evaluation of regional water resources sustainable utilization provides a scientific basis for further water resources utilization and social economic sustainable development. How to use a scientific and rational evaluation index system to analyze the sustainable of water resources becomes particularly important .Based on the theory of sustainable development，This paper mainly studied on the case of Ningxia located in the western China. By using the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and basing on the historical data of 5 years, The calculation of comprehensive evaluation matrix is established and the dynamic trend of Ningxia water resource sustainable utilization is evaluated for 2005-2009, and forecasted in 2015as well.

Abstract: The deep anti-sliding stability of dam foundation has been an important issue in the study of dam field. Rigid body limit equilibrium method and nonlinear finite element method have been adopted on the analysis of sliding stability. In the current paper, the joint element is used to simulate faults, interlayer shear zone and slight inclined fissure zone in complicated geological conditions of Wudu dam. Stress integral method, overload method and strength reduction method are utilized for analysis on deep anti-sliding of Wudu RCC gravity dam, moreover, after being compared with the results by Sarma method, finite element direct force method and geomechanical model test method etc., the consistent conclusion is obtained.

Abstract: Based on the example, red-Flag Bridge in Chongzhou City, using the finite element to analyze the response spectrum of seismic performance for the concrete arch bridge under two conditions. Through the numerical analysis of vibrational damage on the whole bridge, reveals the nether structure and elements of bridge is affected by the seismic waves under the seismic effect and the great stiffness in upper structure, and posts that the anti-inertia in longitudinal direction is more powerful than the transverse and vertical ones. The deformation of arch ring is mostly affected by the displacement on transverse line, DY direction, and less in the longitudinal, vertical and rotational direction. According to the analysis of spectrum value displacement on abutment, finds out that the transverse direction of abutment is mostly affected by the displacement on DZ direction, for the abutment displacement, less in the middle, big in both sides. And for the vertical one, it is mostly affected by DY displacement, in the DY displacement of abutment, big in top, less in base.

Abstract: This paper deals with the possibility of hazardous waste solidification/stabilization (S/S) using a secondary raw material – fly ash from fluidized bed combustion – in order to find and verify a suitable S/S formula and an appropriate way to ensure that the properties of the S/S product will allow its further use in civil engineering as a reclamation material. The aim of this paper is to examine the properties of the S/S product and to assess its impact on the environment. Laboratory testing was focused on screening those properties that may adversely affect the environment during the use of the product on the ground surface. During laboratory testing the S/S product’s properties were verified using leaching tests, unconfined strength testing, ecotoxicological tests and the determination of pollutant content in dry matter. This paper also considers the two-year durability of the S/S product’s properties in order to verify the short-term durability of the S/S matrix.

Abstract: The process optimization and characteristics of electrode-biofilm for the treatment of copper pickling wastewater in the self-designed reactor were experimentally investigated. Carbon electrodes were installed in the reactor as the anode and cathode and denitrifying microorganisms were fixed on the surface of the cathode. The results showed that neutralization, copper ion removal, denitrification proceeded simultaneously and no secondary pollution existed. The removal rate of total nitrogen and copper ion in the effluent water reached 98% and 97% at 30mg/L of copper ion concentration and 100mg/L of nitrate nitrogen when the conditions were controlled at temperature 35°C, current density 0.1mA/cm2, hydraulic retention time 11h and C/N ration 1.07. The pH value of the treated water was increased almost to neutral. In addition, copper ion solution of certain concentration and purity could be made by exchanging the polarity of anode and cathode to recycle copper in this research.

Abstract: Lignocellulose biomass is the most extensive, cheapest raw material in the world, the saccharification of cellulose pretreated from lignocellulosic biomass for production of fuel ethanol has become the world-wide research focus currently. This paper reviews the status of enzymatic saccharification of pretreated cellulose, including the improvement of structure and composition of the substrate by pretreatment, the operation of high substrate concentration, the efficient mixing of multi-enzyme system, the addition of non-catalyst, the recycling of enzyme, the elimination of product inhibition, and finally summed up the present challenges and the future prospects.

Abstract: The experimental research on evaporation of high-TDS phreatic water in arid areas is rarely involved at home and abroad. In order to analyze high-TDS phreatic water evaporation laws in arid areas, phreatic evaporation experiments in different TDS (3, 30, 100 and 250g/L) were carried out, with focus on the analysis of phreatic cumulative evaporation dynamics, daytime evaporation dynamics and diurnal variation laws in different treatments. The results showed that phreatic cumulative evaporation had significant linear positive correlations to duration, also the same relationship between TDS of phreatic water and cumulative salinity in soil profile; significant delay existed in phreatic evaporation as compared to EФ20 water-surface evaporation variation; both water-surface and phreatic evaporation dynamics showed intense night variations, and the average night phreatic evaporation capacities in the treatments with different TDS accounted for a larger share of the daily evaporation capacity, which reached about 60% for all treatments except the treatment with the TDS of 3 g/L. The influence of high-TDS phreatic water evaporation process on soil texture showed a non-linear and non-single direction. Driving factors of night phreatic evaporation consisted of the delay driving of daytime atmospheric evaporation capacity and the negative pressure driving caused by night moisture condensation.

Abstract: Disposal of sewage sludge by environmentally acceptable means is a serious problem, due to environmental, economic, social and legal factors. This paper presents an overview of the potential of the application of the microfauna, such as the aquatic worms and the earthworms in excess sludge reduction in wastewater treatment. Significant sludge reduction was achieved in the presence of the aquatic worms or the earthworms. Additionally, the effect of operating conditions on the excess sludge reduction by the aquatic worms and the earthworms are also presented.