Advanced Materials Research Vol. 531

Abstract: Abstract: Graphene/Carbon Nanotube hybrid films modified glassy carbon electrode (GN-CNT/GC) was fabricated as electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and rapid determination of rutin. The electrochemical behaviors of rutin at the GN-CNT/GC have been investigated. Rutin can generate a pair of well-defined redox peaks at the GN-CNT/GC located at 0.450 V (Epa) and 0.409 V (Epc). Compared with graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (GN/GC) and carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode (CNT/GC), GN-CNT/GC showed a higher catalytic activity toward rutin. This result indicates that the GN-CNT hybrid films as a modifier strengthens the adsorption of rutin. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), different pulse voltammetry (DPV) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to characterize the electrochemical sensor and hybrid films. Under the optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current is linear to the rutin concentration over the range of 2.0×10-7-6.0×10-5 M and the detection limits were 1.0×10-7 M.

Abstract: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biological polyesters synthesized by many bacteria. The polyesters became the focus of research because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and the similar physical and chemical properties to those of petroleum derived plastics. A gram-positive strain was isolated from domesticated activated sludge and identified as Bacillus cereus BMH. B. cereus BMH can synthesize PHAs using a wide range of carbon sources. After 36h cultivation in shaken flasks, cell dry-weight was 5.31g/l, PHAs content was 61.2% of cell dry weight which is higher than some other B. cereus reported. The PHAs films showed irregular porous structure under scanning electron microscopy. Biocompatibility of the polyester was evaluated in detail in this article. The polymer was proved of good biocompatibility through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fluorescence microscopy observation and CCK-8 assay. It was indicated that the biological polymer had desirable material properties as tissue engineering biomaterials

Abstract: Novel SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids were successfully applied as catalysts for the one-pot three component Biginelli condensation under ultrasound irradiation without solvent. Various types of 3,4-dihydorpymidine(1H)-(thio)-ones were provided in 84-98% yields and conveniently separated from the reaction mixture by filtration, the dissolved catalyst could be reused with simple treatment. This novel synthetic method is especially favoured because it provides a synergy between ionic liquids and ultrasound irradiation which offers the advantages of high yields, short reaction times, simplicity, and easy workup compared to the conventional methods reported in the literature

Abstract: The paper reviewed how the major products were obtained from agricultural residues, particularly from cereal straws. The emphasis is on the new technologies of chemical exploitation of cereal straws as novel materials for industries such as productions of cellulose and hemicellulose, cosmetics, natural sorbents in oil spill cleanup, and natural sorbents for removals of metal ions and anionic dyes from industrial waste water.

Abstract: In recent years, the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) was a focal point of research about the denitrification. In this paper, the new mesoporous biological carrier was prepared by using the active sludge of wastewater treatment plant as raw material, and its structure was characterized by x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XPS), scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analyses and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG). At the same time, its performance of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification towards coking wastewater was evaluated in the three-phase aerobic biological fluid-bed reactor. The results showed that this new mesoporous biological carrier with the super-large specific surface area, rough surface, and well layer structure and abundance tunnel pore was mainly composed of organic component. Under the experimental condition, this carrier exhibited the good performance of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen was 83.2% and 50.8%, respectively

Abstract: Goat milk was fermented by different strains of lactic acid bacterias in anaerobic tube, strains with high angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity were screened from 28 probiotic Lactobacillus strains by the criteria of ACE inhibitory activity and pH. The results showed that 20 strains had ACE inhibitory activity and among them the activity of 4 strains were extremely high, they were Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus rhamnosu and Lactobacillus helveticu. In vitro experiments, the ACE inhibitory activity of goat milk fermented by these 4 strains reached 95.92%, 84.61%, 82.79% and 78.57%, respectively. After incubation, pH of them were 6.17, 3.88, 5.24 and 3.71, respectively.

Abstract: The paper took advantage of approximate classification of imprecise or incomplete data to analyze and assess the sensitivity of environmental factors on eutrophication based on rough set theory. Its main advantage was it performed rationally on data attributes reduction and classification. This technique provided a valuable tool to analyze the key factors leading to eutrophication in Xiaoqing River estuary of Laizhou Bay in China. Results showed that the most important factors that dominated the eutrophic degree were aerobiotic organic compound, dissolved inorganic phosphate and nitrogen which came from the land-input of Xiaoqing River. Then the ecological measurement against eutrophication may be to cultivate a kind of ecological environment materials (e.g. seaweed) to absorb the excessive nutrition.

Abstract: In order to maintain the competitiveness of traditional industries on the market and encourage industrial circles to plan environmental improvement and pollution precautions from the interior of their organizations, ISO14000 has been enacted to protect the environment. Hence, the course “ISO14000 and Environmental Material” has been the primary course in various kinds of higher educational institutions．It is necessary to give the course in bilingual language to the undergraduates，especially those who study in Environmental Engineering. This paper first analyzes the characteristics and probes the problems of this course. Then it proposes a developing plan for the course from the following aspects：course aims，related courses，teaching methods，communicational abilities and motivational measures．

Abstract: In this paper ABS parts plus acrylonitrile monomer were prepared using melt blending method by twin-screw extruder, and the influence of soaking temperature, concentration of acrylonitrile monomer, ABS copolymer composition on the short-term migration of residual acrylonitrile monomer into pure water was studied, and the long-term migration behavior and diffusion coefficient were also further characterized.

Abstract: Physical properties of thermal regulating polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers prepared at different concentration of coagulation bath were tested to investigate influences of coagulation bath on properties of the fibers. Results indicated that linear density of the fibers increased, breaking strength, thermal shrinkage and boil water shrinkage decreased while elongation first increased and then decreased with the increasing of mass fraction of sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) in coagulation bath. The optimum NaSCN concentration in coagulation bath should be 10%. Fibers prepared under the above NaSCN concentration showed good mechanical and thermal properties, and the breaking strength was 1.35 cN/dtex, the enthalpy was 26.0 J/g and the thermal efficiency was 78.4%.