Advanced Materials Research Vols. 55-57

Abstract: In this work, we present the effect of DC power from 100 W to 500 W on the structural and hydrophilic activity of TiO2 films. The TiO2 films were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering on the glass substrate without any external heating. The structure of TiO2 films were analyzed by atomic force microscope and X-ray diffraction. XRD patterns indicated the films were amorphous. The surface roughness and grain size were enlarged by the increasing of the DC power while the substrate temperature was climbed up with the increasing of the DC power. From the point of energetic ion bombardment, it was related with DC power between sputtering processes. The hydrophilic activity of TiO2 films were analyzed by the contact angle meter. The water contact angle decrease with increasing of the DC power.

Abstract: Detergency process of oily soil removal from fabrics is of interest and the mechanisms of oily soil removal are very complicated involving several factors: interfacial tension, oil loading and surfactant adsorption. In this study, the effects of oil loading and the surfactant adsorption on the detergency performance of oily soil removal were investigated. Mixed surfactant systems of branched alcohol propoxylate sulfate sodium salt (Alfoterra 145-3PO), an extended anionic surfactant, and secondary alcohol ethoxylate (Tergitol 15-S-5), a nonionic surfactant, were used to form microemulsions with motor oil. The CMC and CµC values of the mixed surfactants were 0.015 and 0.04 % total active mixed surfactants concentration, respectively. A polyester/cotton blend [65/35] was selected to use as a testing fabric in detergency experiments. The results showed that the oil loading and fabric weight did not affect the efficiency of oil removal. Furthermore, with the selected formulation (0.1 wt.% Alfoterra 145-3PO and 5 wt.% Tergitol 15-S-5), the oil detachment time was investigated at different temperatures (30-50°C) and different total surfactant concentrations (0.04-0.5 %). The results showed that increasing temperature and surfactant concentration were found to decrease the oil detachment time, leading to increasing oil removal.

Abstract: Binary system of 0.45Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3–0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3with a composition close to the morphotropic phase boundary were investigated as a function of Sn doping (0.0-8.0 mole%). X-ray analysis showed that pure perovskite phase was observed for all samples. The density of the ceramic samples was increased with an increase of Sn concentration. However, microstructural analysis showed that Sn-doping has not a significant impact on grain size. Moreover, the increasing Sn-contant can reduce the remanent polarization but increase the dielectic contant.