Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: The blocking effect of reactive dye combinations during the exhaust dyeing of cotton was studied using C.I. Reactive Yellow 176, C.I. Reactive Red 239 and C.I. Reactive Black 5. In the exhaust dyeing of binary reactive dye combinations, reverse order of dyeing was carried out at the dye concentration of 1%owf. After the shade of dyed cottons were evaluated, we found that the combination of C.I. Reactive Yellow 176 and C.I. Reactive Black 5 exhibited a blocking effect. The blocking took place readily in the dyebath. Therefore, C.I. Reactive Blue 250 was used to replace C.I. Reactive Black 5 because of the similarity of their chromophores and reactive groups. The results showed less blocking effect, indicating low interaction between the dyes in the combination.

Abstract: This paper discusses the development of water-reducing agent and the present situation of the application of high performance concrete. The traditional concrete will be substituted by high performance concrete, green concrete. In the course of appearance of high performance and green, concrete admixtures plays an extremely important role. Concrete water-reducing agent is admixture of the main part. In the case of keeping liquidity, it can make water consumption reduce, so the concrete strength and durability can be improved. It is applicable to all kinds of industrial and civil construction engineering, and it can be applied to different strength grade of concrete. It has important significance for mass concrete engineering, marine building facilities, and component and product of high strength lightweight concrete.

Abstract: Pd-based catalysts modified with BaO as a promoter was prepared by impregnation method. The catalyst was characterized by H2-temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic activity towards methanol showed that the BaO modification promoted the conversion of methanol. The light-off temperature (T50), complete conversion temperature (T90) and ΔT (T90-T50) for methanol oxidation are 100°C, 125°C and 25°C, respectively. The H2-TPR results showed that the addition of BaO increased palladium highly dispersed and promoted the reductive ability. It also enhanced the metal-support interaction and increased the electronic surroundings of Pd and Ce sites, which maintained Pd in a higher oxidized state and Ce4+ in Ce3+ state, consequently increased the activity for methanol oxidation according to XPS measurements.

Abstract: we studied on the pulping properties of Salix Psammophila in different P-RC APMP pulping process at the same Chemicals dosage. Form the results we can see, compare with the One-stage P-RC APMP, the brightness, breaking length and bursting index of the Two-stage Salix Psammophila P-RC APMP were respectively improved by 8.34%ISO, 45.50% and 24.83%; the surface of fibre of the Salix Psammophila Two-stage P-RC APMP were more roughly and broken; the degree of the crystallinity of the cellulose of the two-stage P-RC APMP is improved by 3.57%; the content of the lignin of Two-stage Salix Psammophila P-RC APMP was reduced 7.01%.

Abstract: In order to test the photocatalytic activity of Bi₂₀TiO₃₂ under different conditions, experiments were done to compare its performance for degrading organic pollutants in water. The results are as following. Higher light intensity will increase the reaction rate. Ions in water will affect adversely the photoreaction. Temperature has little effect on the reaction. High concentration of H₂O₂ helps to degrade organic pollutants in water.

Abstract: The main goal of this work was to study the possibility of improving the natural dye uptake and their fastness properties on cotton fabrics by the application of monochlorotriazine-β- cyclodextrin (MCT-β-CD). Hence, MCT-β-CD was synthesized, characterized, and grafted on cotton fabrics via pad and cure method. The existence of MCT-β-CD on cotton fabrics was confirmed by nitrogen content (%N). Natural dyes used were colorants extracted from turmeric and cassumunar powders, and a commercial natural dye i.e. Natural Red Brown. The commercial one was water soluble whereas the extracted dyes were sparingly soluble in water. These natural dyes were applied on cotton by pad-dry method. The extracted dyes on MCT-β-CD treated cotton fabrics gave higher visual color yield (K/S) than the untreated ones. In contrast, a commercial natural dye exhibited lower color yield on the treated fabrics because of its water soluble nature. The color fastnesses of the natural dyes on the treated cotton fabrics were improved from the untreated cotton samples.

Abstract: A modified Gaussian puff model, which is applicable to multiple changes of wind direction and wind speed, is put forward based on the coordinate transformation for the instantaneous release of hazardous chemicals. In addition, a specific implementation method of the model is discussed. Furthermore, the velocity correction is applied to the modified model. The trajectory of the puff center which represents puff motion is analyzed by the linear and quadratic velocity correction methods respectively. It is depicted that the trajectory of puff motion is smooth and the smooth transition sections exist after the change of wind direction and wind speed based on the velocity correction method, showing good agreement with the real conditions.

Abstract: The study was carried out at the base for the production of greenhouse vegetables located in Damintun Town of Xinmin City. A series of experiments (e.g. a field investigation and plot experiment) was conduced to clarify the origin and accumulation of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) in greenhouse soils under different years of culitivation. The field investigation study revealed that the contents of heavy metal Cd of the sample soils exceeded Class I criteria (Cd≤0.2mg•kg-1) but no soil samples exceeded Class III. The results from the field plot experiment showed that contents of Cd in all greenhouse soils (after 1, 2 or 5 years of cultivation) were increased with the amount of manure applied. This suggested the potential risk of Cd pollution would be increased with the age of cultivation in the greenhouse soils and the accumulation of Cd in the greenhouse soils was mainly associated with the input of manures.

Abstract: To investigate the relationships between structures and toxicities of 16 substituted phenols against vibrio qinghaiensis (Q67), 3D-QSAR models were proposed by using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA). The results suggest that the steric field of substituted group is the dominating factor for the toxicity. Two obtained models show fine stabilities and predictive abilities. Comaprably, the prediction ability of CoMFA model is slightly more advantageous than that of CoMSIA, which both can be used to predict the toxicity of these kinds of compounds, even to provide further theoretical guide about biological toxic mechanism of substituted phenols.

Abstract: Forest eco-security was the core of ecosystem security. In order to make early warning on the forest eco-security in Chang-Zhu-Tan region, according to the forest eco-security indexes and under the support of MATLAB, a prediction model was constructed to make predictions based on the GM (1, 1) model. The results showed that the forest eco-security comprehensive situation in the study area would be in Safer State from 2012 to 2014 and the situations of the pressure, the state and the response of the forest eco-security would be respectively in Safety State, Relatively Safety State and Alert State. The actual value for evaluating the forest eco-security state was reduced by 15.64% than the predicted value in 2008.