Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: To reduce mercury emission in the flue gas at coal-fired power plant, it is very important and meaningful to research the mercury content and the existing status of other elements in coal. In this paper, mercury and sulfur content including their relevant relations of existing speciations from five coal samples were studied. Experimental method was based on U.S. EPA Method 7471 and experimental apparatus was automatic mercury analysis system Hydra AA. The results showed that in these 5 coal samples, the range of mercury content was from 0.284μg/g to 0.663μg/g and the average content was 0.401μg/g. The range of sulfur content was from 0.688% to 5.546% and the average content was 2.30% . The existing status of mercury and sulfur in coal was very complex. Under normal circumstances, when there was high sulfur content in coal, there was also high mercury content. However, the low sulfur coal may be of high mercury content.

Abstract: The technology of producing nano material by diisopropylamine as a replaced drying solvent has been studied．The products of Al(OH)₃ and SiO₂ are found to be amorphous aerogel．The nano particle of TiO₂ produced by it is found to be smaller than that produced by n-butyl alcohol as a replaced drying Solvent．

Abstract: The effect of dye dispersion preparation prior to dyeing on the dyeing ability of the disperse dye on polyester fabric was studied. The influence of sodium laurylsulphate (SLS) concentrations and the homogenization process was determined. The optimum SLS concentration for dyeing observed in this study was 0.01 M. The color yield of the dye passing through the homogenization process on polyester fabric was higher than that from the conventional dye preparation. Homogenization was also found to enhance disperse dyeability at a lower dyeing temperature. It infers that the dyeing process could be done at a lower temperature. The dyeing temperature could be as low as 110oC in the presence of homogenization. The effect of homogenization on the dyeability at different dyeing times was also examined.

Abstract: A series of dodecyl sulfate (DS-) intercalated Zn/Fe layered double hydroxides (DS-Zn/Fe-LDHs) were prepared by co-precipitation method from the electroplating wastewater containing high concentration of zinc (Zn2+). In addition, the influences of their charge density on the interlayer structure of LDHs were investigated by XRD and FT-IR. The removal rate of Zn2+ in the electroplating wastewater was reached 99.9%. The charge density decreased with the increasing of the ratio of Zn/Fe. The results showed that with the increase of the charge density, the interlamellar spacing of organic-LDH increased. The synthesis product was applied in the sorption of organic contaminant ( nitrobenzene ) and the sorption mechanism was partition. The synthetic DS-Zn/Fe LDHs were good sorbents for organic contaminant.

Abstract: (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl-2-methylprop-2-enoate (DOMA) was synthesized from glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and carbon dioxide, which can be further polymerized into water-based non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU). The structure of DOMA was characterized by IR spectra, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR analysis. The effects of the catalysts, reaction temperature, pressure and duration on the yield of DOMA were enquired in detail. It was shown that TBAB and ZnI2 used as catalysts, reaction temperature, pressure and duration set as 110°C, 1.2 MPa and 4 hr respectively, the yield could reach 76.5%.

Abstract: A nanoscale ceria-doped calcia solid solution has been synthesized by controled self-combustion method. The difference in crystal structure of samples prepared from different fuels were identified by XRD. The change of the crystal structure of the ceria-doped calcia sintering at different temperature was also investigated. SEM indicates that a nanoscale and uniform particle with diameter less than 100 nm was achieved by this method.

Abstract: Meta-aramid/poly (acylic acid) (PMIA/PAA) composite nanofibrous membranes with diameter between 50-100 nm have been fabricated by electrospinning method. The effect of contact time, temperature, pH and concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenol on the adsorption capacity of the membranes were investigated. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of 2,4-dichlorophenol on PMIA/PAA nanofibrous membranes is 251.61 mg/g. Acidic pH was favorable for the 2,4-dichlorophenol adsorption. Its desorption rate reached 74% in 45 min. After five regeneration cycles, the removal rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol still maintained above 65%. The adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol on the membranes fit the Freundlich isotherm model best. Its adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model.

Abstract: TiO₂/AC composite was prepared by sol-gel method. The effect of annealed temperature and loading (or doping) ratio of AC on photocatalytic performances of TiO₂/AC composite was explored. The optimum preparation conditions were 400 °C (annealed temperatur) and 2% (loading (or doping) ratio of AC). The experimental results of MB removal showed that the photocatalytic ability of TiO₂/AC composite prepared under optimum conditions was higher than that of TiO₂, which could be attributed to strong adsorption capacity, efficient photoproduced electron-hole separation, and higher light response.

Abstract: Porous BiVO₄ was fabricated by hydrothermal method with P123 as the template. SEM revealed there were many pores in porous BiVO₄. DRS analysis indicated that the absorbance of BiVO₄ was enhanced by constructing porous structure. The results of MB removal showed that the degradation rate with porous BiVO₄ was 3.05 times as much as that with BiVO₄. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was attributed to the enhanced absorbance ability and promoted surface reactions.

Abstract: Nano-ZnO photocatalyst was prepared using direct precipitation method .The crystal form, particle size and configuration characterization of the nano-ZnO prepared was characterized by XRD and SEM. The photocatalytic degradation of ammonia-N in aquaculture wastewater was investigated by using nano-ZnO under UV irradiation. The experimental results show that: nano-ZnO dosage, catalytic reaction time, initial ammonia-N concentration, H₂O₂ volume concentration, pH value affect the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation significantly. On the basis of the results of these experimental data, the optimal experimental conditions for photocatalytic degradation of ammonia-N are tried through the orthogonal test. The optimization experimental conditions for photocatalytic degradation of ammonia-N in aquaculture wastewater are as follows, nano-ZnO catalyst dosage was 0.4 g/L, the pH value of solution was 10, H₂O₂ volume fraction was 4 %, respectively, if the reaction time may last 1 h, the removal rate of ammonia-N was expected to reach 86.66 %.