Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: This paper estimates the potential benefits from reducing vehicle emissions in China’s cities. We choose Beijing as a case study to assess people’s health benefits from different scenarios. A relative risk model is employed to analysis the pre-death due to vehicle PM₁₀ and Adjusted Human Capital (AHC) approach is used to transfer the benefits to monetary value. We found that about from 100 to 510 pre-death can be prevented by reducing vehicle PM₁₀, which equals from 43 Million to 222 Million Yuan Benefits in monetary terms.

Abstract: 60%~70% of air pollutants are vehicle emissions. With the soaring increasing of Vehicle Population, automobile exhaust is becoming the leading cause of air pollution. In this paper space-time variation rule of road-related atmospheric pollution is analyzed based on the characteristics of air pollution on the road. And the basic methods of road-related air pollution health risk assessment are determined in the analysis of the relationship of road-related air pollution and health. The economic evaluation of road-related air pollution is also made which would provide the methods for reference in the related research on road air pollution.

Abstract: The correlation between the number, variety dominance of plant nematode community and cover standing vegetation of plant community in Meadow grassland soil was studied under Grazing Disturbance Gradien, namely,Light grazing Moderate grazing Excessive grazing rest-grazing respectively.The result is as follows: in regions of different grazing systems the species of Plant-parasitic nematode were similar, while the total number of nematodes was significant. The plant-parasit nematode dominance was in following sequence under different grazing systems: excessive grazing site> Moderate grazing site > Light grazing > rest-grazing;The dominant genus of excessive grazing site is Xiphinema、Tylenchus、Helicotylenchus.The dominant genuses of the are rest-grazing Xiphinema、Tylenchus、Ditylenchu、Helicotylenchus、Longidorus ,plant parasite nematode sweremore sensitive to the excessive grazing site，correlation of plant-parasit nematode number with plant community standing vegetation was significantly positive, while that of plant-parasite dominance(%) was significantly negative.

Abstract: In order to fully understand the heavy metal and mineral oil in sediments of Tiaozi River and their potential ecological hazard levels, sediment samples at upper reaches, middle reaches and lower reaches of Tiaozi River are collected. Various heavy metals, such as Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, and mineral oil are tested, and the toxicological analysis of sediments at various sampling points is conducted. Results show that all sediments have pollutants accumulated. Content of mineral oil is 2400-4900mg•kg-1, content of Cu is 16.84-56.06 mg•kg-1, content of Pb is 9.72-19.93mg•kg-1, content of Cd is 0.32-1.05 mg•kg-1, and content of Cr is 27.35-57.95 mg•kg-1. Sediments have varying growth inhibitions or stimulatory effects on higher plants, and acute lethal effect on earthworms. Root elongation inhibition ratio of seed germination is -9.52 %～19.05 %, 14 d maximum mortality of earthworms is 55 %. In general, the long term water pollution has led to accumulation of river sediments and strong eco-toxicity, and farm-oriented channel dredging sediments have toxic hazards on soil – plant ecosystem.

Abstract: The compositional profiles and health risks of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed with urban surface dust and soil samples from industrial, traffic and green areas in Shanghai. The total concentration of ∑8PBDE in urban surface dust ranged from 1.90 to 162 ng/g with a mean value of 29.6 ng/g, while the total concentration of ∑8PBDE in urban surface soil ranged from 1.09 to 39.9 ng/g with a mean value of 9.46 ng/g. ∑PBDEs have a higher concentration in urban dust samples as compared to urban soil samples. Cancer risks were calculated by Average Daily Dose (ADD) for human exposure to urban surface dust and soil containing PBDEs. Concentrations in Shanghai were 3.66×10-4 and 5.85×10-5 for children, and 1.58×10-4 and 6.44×10-5 for adults. Meanwhile, the health risk assessment has indicated that the intake of PBDEs via ingestion and dermal contact were higher than that via inhalation.

Abstract: Based on the statistic data of fire disasters that occurred in China between 2004 to 2008 and selecting six reasons which led to fire disasters and resorting to the theory of grey integrated relational analysis, this paper makes integrated relational analysis and advantage analysis for the given system which is characterized by the total number of disasters, the number of death caused by the fire and the economic loss that the disaster directly led to.The result can be useful when it comes to the research on the law of fire disaster and the fire prevention.

Abstract: In order to comprehensively control the gas of 1151(3) fully mechanized caving face in Xieqiao coalmine scientificly and efficiently, combining the actual situation of the face, gas drainage technologies such as roof drilling, drilling along seam, gas drainage in upper corner, roof drainage roadway had been applied and a comprehensive gas control system was formed gradually. Gas problems of the face have been solved completely and safety and high efficiency of the workface has been ensured.

Abstract: Objective: Test the wind pipe dust and microorganism pollution status in the central air conditioning system of public buildings in the teaching area.Analysis of microbial pollution of the related factors.Methods:Sampling 6 functionally different area in the teaching building,using the microbiology analysis method on air conditioning system of blower tube surface dust pollution of microorganism detection,and the use of TiO₂ photo catalyst purification mechanism on microbial contamination control.Results:on the basis of"centralized air ventilation system in public places sanitary specification",teaching areas of central air conditioning system of dust amount met the requirement basically.Bacterial concentrations generally beyond the standard,fungal concentration accords with the standard.The Method using TiO₂ photo catalysis sterilization was proposed. Conclusion:Teaching of regional air conditioning pipe inner product dust weight is relatively large.Microbial pollution is serious.It is necessary that cleaning air conditioning system timely and using TiO₂ Photocatalyst purification mechanism for killing air duct surface dust microorganism.

Abstract: In modern society, as mechanization and automation of people's work increasing and the widespread of transportation instead of walking, a sedentary lifestyle which lacks of exercise become one of the ten major reasons causing global death, frequent disease and disability. Negative impact bringing people "Modern Urban Civilization Syndrome" represented as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases has expanded extensively and rapidly, which has made people's health continue to deteriorate. To this end, more and more people become concern about health, and hope to improve their physical conditions through indoor and outdoor fitness. However, the public has generally ignored an "invisible killer" - effects of air pollution on health during fitness. This paper regards environmental studies and human hygiene as the theoretical basis, studies mainly focusing on impact of indoor and outdoor air pollution on public fitness, and proposes constructive suggestions on this basis.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the development evolution of urban ecosystem health of old industrial relocated area on the base of the urban ecosystem health theories and methods. Taking Tie Xi District in Shenyang city as an example, the paper discusses the assessment index system of the urban ecosystem health of old industrial relocated area. Then the paper employs Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine the index weights and takes use of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method to study the case.