Advanced Materials Research Vols. 616-618

Abstract: According to statistical and survey data from 1991 to 2010 at provincial and county levels, trend of cultivated land change and its driving forces in Suzhou City during the last 20 years were discussed in this article. It was found that: since 1990s, the total area of arable land and per capita availability were reducing; as a result of the principal component analysis, the 10 driving forces of arable land were analyzed which could be classified into three types, i.e, the development of economy, social system and population and progress of science and technology in agriculture. As to the economy factors, population and social system factors were the main driving forces, which play an important role in the change of cultivated land.

Abstract: As a historically famous city, Shenyang boasts of a wealth of industrial heritage which, however, is suffering destructions. Based on the introduction to the general situation and the characteristics of the industrial heritage and environment in Shenyang, this paper proposes the specific measures and approaches to protecting and reusing industrial heritage and environment with a view to intensifying the efforts in protection. The specific measures and approaches includes two fields: Protection and conservation(overall protection and conservation, partial protection and conservation, and components retention); and Reuse and re-creation(an industrial museum to be built in Shenyang, a gallery of industrial culture to be built, factory building with large span to be rebuilt into store, supermarket, gym or theater，some normal factory buildings to be rebuilt into apartment , hotel or office buildings，and the structure with special form can be transformed into amusement facilities in park and city landmarks).

Abstract: This paper analysis the association effect and spread effect on the equipment manufacturing industry in Shandong province based on the input-output model, then according to the environmental experience coefficient, analysis the relationship between spread effect on the equipment manufacturing industry in Shandong province and industrial waste water pollution. The result shows that Shandong equipment manufacturing industrial production scale to increase will drive other heavy industry department production growth, corresponding will emit a lot of industrial wastewater, ultimately affect the long-term healthy development of region economy and environment.

Abstract: The industry economy intensification is a concept that collect the productive investment save and the environmental pollution low emission together, stressed that obtains the greatest repayment of output value by the smallest cost of investment. This article focus on the quantitative evaluation of two aspects that the time series and the spatial differences, the results were as follows: the level of China's industrial intensification has significant increase from 1994 to 2010, the rate of increase has relatively gentle in later period; Take the cross-section data in 31 provinces of China as the basis in 2010, the level of industrial intensification exist regional differences in each provinces(autonomous regions), represent as follows: the eastern provinces> the middle provinces> the west provinces; the intensification degree of the industrial economy and its level of development showing an increase relationship of power function, the level of industry economy is high, its level of intensification is also high generally, and vice versa.

Abstract: Based on the statistics data from 1995 to 2010 in Shanxi industry, this article selects four indexes which include the energy and water consumption, waste gas, SO2, mist and dust, waste water, COD, per 104 RMB Yuan, and establishes environment learning curves of energy consumption and air pollution, water consumption and pollution in Shanxi province. According to these models, the potentials of resources saving and pollution reducing in different periods are calculated and analyzed, represented by the decrease of each index when the per capita GDP increase 1000 yuan. The result shows that: (1) With the growth of GDP per capital, each index falls by power exponential model which follows "environmental learning curve", illustrating that the burden of resource and environment was steady declining. (2) The potentials of saving energy resources and reducing pollution in Shanxi province gradually descents from 1995 to 2010, illustrating that the reduction in marginal cost by the development of technology is becoming smaller and smaller, and the enhancement of resource using efficiency and pollution reducing efficiency is not unlimited.

Abstract: The water environment of our country’s urban lakes and rivers are getting worse and worse day by day. So it is imminent to evaluate the water environment to find the problems in order to improve and strengthen the water protection. In reference to the existing research results from home and abroad and having the objective knowledge of the water environment problems, this article has established the evaluation index system and the evaluation standard of water ecosystem of urban rivers and lakes. According to the historical data and monitoring data of rivers and lakes in the city, the article has also carried out the empirical analysis on the status quo of water ecological environment. And underlying this, the influence factor analysis of various types of water ecological environment problems are conducted to provide a scientific basis and empirical reference to the comprehensive management of urban rivers and lakes’ water pollution and urban construction.

Abstract: Studying on coastal zone sustainable development (CZSD) has become the hot research region, and setting up the indicator systems and the assessment models of CZSD has being become a challenging task. Thirty-six indicators and three composite indices from the dimensions of environment, economy and society subsystems are built and used to assessment the comprehensive coordination degree and sustainable development degree of coastal city in this paper, and analytical hierarchy process and multi-variate statistics analysis method are adopted to determine the indicator’s weight. As a case study, Tianjin was assessed for sustainable development in the period from 2000 to 2010. The results showed that Tianjin was almost in the potentially unsustainable development or intermediate sustainable development.

Abstract: The water ecosystem of urban rivers and lakes has the characteristics of regional and mobile, and it is always influenced by humanistic and social activities. Our country’s water environment condition is weak, which interacts with human activities. From the quality of water resources, water pollution, water ecological system and other aspects, this article has analyzed the current situation of urban rivers and lakes’ water ecological environment in our country. Against the existing problems, from the water environment protection and construction of urban rivers and lakes, the article has put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the water ecological environment of our country’s urban rivers and lakes.

Abstract: According to the regional sustainable development theory, studied on Wuhu city’s ecological compensation using the ecological compensation framework based on eco-footprint model. The results show that four administrative areas are faced with unsustainable development, the average of the ecological surplus is Wuhu county>urban area>Fanchang county>Nanling county during 2002-2006,the average of the ecological compensation is Wuhu county>Nanling county>Fanchang county>urban area， the ecological compensation of all administrative areas are negative except Fanchang county in 2003, the ecological resources of all administrative areas is not self sufficiency, and should import resource from other area. The research sets the theoretical basis and data support for the distribution of the internal compensate share reasonably in Wuhu city, and rationalizing occupancy of ecological service function.

Abstract: Several dispersing and small-scale measures such as permeable pavements, green streets, and ecological roofs for sustainable development to mitigate the heat island effect were proposed, and there the following environmental benefits and economic benefits were analyzed. Permeable pavements effectively relieve the negative influence on urban ecology caused by urban harden ground. As well, permeable pavements link up soil and air, making the ground warm in winter and cool in summer, which increase the sense of living comfort in the city. The research shows that when area of the urban roads increase to 25% of the whole city, completely applying the asphalt pavement roads can make the temperature 1 ~ 1. 5 °C lower on the whole in downtown district. Green streets are beautiful street landscapes which planting green plants such as shade trees on both sides of the streets. On one hand it can keep cool, and mitigate urban heat island effect. On the other hand it can absorb the greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, and maintain carbon-oxygen balance. Shade trees effectively prevent sunlight from hitting to the ground, and make the sun radiation intensity significantly lower than the harden ground and the lawn. The sun radiation intensity can be reduced by 80% or more on occasion that there have trees. Ecological roofs can adjust the temperature, and form natural air conditioning which is beneficial to improve the air quality. Research data show that in summer, on average, temperature of the ecological roofs are 2.6 °C lower than the bare cement roofs and in winter which are 0.84°C higher than the cement ones. Then the implementation of the feasibility through the above mentioned sustainable development measures to achieve the minimum impact on the environment, which play an important role in reducing urban surface temperature was discussed. The prospect of implementing the technology in China that usually appeared in high densely-populated urban areas was given at the end of this paper.