Advanced Materials Research Vols. 641-642

Abstract: By using the method of orthogonal design based on the inner-grooved copper tubes (φ7.00×0.24), the influence in the different forming conditions was analyzed. The forming laws and optimization forming process parameters were also obtained during the experiment. The results show that the motor and drawing speed should be controlled about 23000r/min and 15m/min respectively, and the spinning position should be located at about 1.5mm away from the center of the inner-grooved core head.

Abstract: In order to provide a basis for understanding the evolutionary relationship and pathogenesis of Riemerella anatipestifer and selecting a appropriate host expression systems to improve the expression of target gene in vivo and in vitro, we identified the codon bias in the newly confirmed D15 gene of Riemerella anatipestifer ATCC 11845 strain and performed comparative analysis of the codon usage bias between D15 gene in R. anatipestifer and the other 10 referenced Flavobacteriaceaes by a series of online bioinformatics softwares. The results revealed that the synonymous codons with A and T at the third codon position had widely usage in the codon of D15 gene of R. anatipestifer. In addition, there were 70 rare codons in the ORF of the D15 of R. anatipestifer, and 32 codons showing distinct usage differences between R. anatipestifer and E. coli, 30 codons between R. anatipestifer and Homo sapiens, 16 codons between R. anatipestifer and yeast, indicated the yeast expression system may be more suitable for the expression of R. anatipestifer genes. The extent of codon usage bias in the D15 gene in R. anatipestifer was highly correlated with the gene expression level, therefore the results may provide useful information for gene classification and functional studies.

Abstract: The Duck Plague Virus (DPV) US5 gene was identified by constructing the DPV genomic library, the synonymous codon usage in the US5 gene of DPV and 11 reference herpesviruses have been investigated by using the CodonW 1.4 program, CUSP (create a codon usage table) program and CHIPS (calculated ENC value) of EMBOSS (The European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite). The results reveals that the synonymous codons with A and T at the third codon positon have widely usage in the codon of US5 gene of DPV. G + C compositional constraint is the main factor that determines the codon usage bias in US5 gene. In addition, rare condons analysis showed that there are 75 rare condons (13.9%) in the ORF of the DPV US5 gene on line (http//:www.kazusa.or.jp/codon), There were 20 codons showing distinct usage differences between DPV with Escherichia coli, 19 between DPV and yeast, 25 between DPV and Human. Therefore the yeast expression system may be suitable for the expression of DPV US5 gene.

Abstract: A total of 106 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from mulberry tree. 86 strains of the total isolates belonged to 18 genera. The dominant species were Fusarium spp. (22.6%) and Alternaria spp. (15.1%). The isolation frequency of endophytes was around 47, 38 and 15%, respectively to roots, branches and leaves. About 54% of the isolates could produce antifungal metabolites against at least one plant pathogenic fungi. Endophytic Aspergillus sp. A204, Colletotrichum sp. C103 and Penicillium sp. P306 showed broader antifungal spectrum. The strain C103 showed stronger potential with growth inhibition rates higher than 50% against all of the selected phytopathogens. The minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) of the EtOAc extract of C103 culture against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Myrothecium rorideum was 1.5, 0.5 and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively, indicating that endophytic fungi may play an important role in protection of mulberry tree from disease as well as an excellent resource for natural antifungal compounds.

Abstract: This paper mainly enumerated several kinds of base oil which all have a good biodegradation, such as vegetable oil, synthetic ester, poly-alpha-olefin, polyethylene glycol , introduced their performances, functions, the research status and the application prospect in the cutting fluid and brings forward the direction of the metal cutting fluid's development.

Abstract: Abstract. Lung cancer takes the first place among all the cancer mortality and then it becomes important to study how to use antibiotics reasonably during clinical treating. Now we analyze lung cancer patients’ sputum samples Flora distribution and drug resistance and results are as follows. According to retrospective study, we analyzed lung cancer patients and identify the bacterial with routine sputum culture method strictly. At the same time, we use SPSS 19.0 soft to take a statistical analysis and judge flora drug resistance with CLSI. In the sputum culture , the rate of G- bacillus is 69.1% and it has high drug-resistance to cephalosporin, ampicillin and piperacillin, and it is sensitive to imipenem fairly.The rate of G+ coccus is 10.1% and it is resistance to penicillin, ampicillin , oxacillin and erythromycin ,and is sensitive to vancomycin . The rate of fungi is 20.8% and has obvious resistance to Pyrroles. The clinic should care more about the quality of the sputum samples, use targeted and reasonable antibiotics and control the flora drug-resistance .

Abstract: To provide some evidence for further research on the biological function of capsular polysaccharide family gene and its endcoding protein of Riemerella anatipestifer.we analyzed the sequence of capsular exopolysaccharide gene and physicochemical properties , structure , function of capsular exopolysaccharide family protein by bioinformatics tools online.We found that capsular exopolysaccharide family gene is an open reading frame with 2373 bp in length and contained a single ORF, which consisted of 732 adenine,443 cytosine,321 guanine,877 thymine and a GC content 32.20%. The NC value of the nucleotides sequence of capsular exopolysaccharide family gene was 44.270. Capsular exopolysaccharide family protein consisted of 790 amino acids and had the following characteristics: numerous highly hydrophilic region, two transmembrane domains, zero signal peptide cleavage site, numerous functional sites. We obtain more biological information about capsular exopolysaccharide family gene and its endcoding protein by bioinformatic analysis, which provide some basic information for further research.

Abstract: Previous studies indicate that the UL17 protein and its homology play similar roles in viral DNA cleavage and packaging of herpesviruses. However, there is no report on the UL17 gene product of DEV. Here in this article we used various bioinformatics softwares and online web servers to analyze the basic properties of the DEV UL17 protein. The results showed that the DEV UL17 protein was 75.94298 kDa, consisting of 684 amino acids. It had multiple motif sites, phosphorylation sites and antigenic epitopes. There were no predicted signal peptide sites or transmembrane regions in DEV UL17 protein. The results of secondary structure and teriary structure were exhibited in the pictures in this article. These properties of the DEV UL17 protein provide a prerequisite for further functional analysis of this gene.

Abstract: The structures and characteristics of the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (R1), encoded by UL39 gene from duck plague virus (DPV) were analyzed and predicted by using a series of free bioinformatics software packages and bioinformatics tools. The DPV UL39 gene has a base composition of 681 adenine (27.99%), 503 cytosine (20.67%), 593 guanine (24.37%) and 656 thymine (26.96%). The online analysis of the physico-chemical properties demonstrates that the protein has 40 potential phosphorylation sites and 4 N-glycosylation sites when the threshold of prediction score is above 0.5; without the signal peptide and the transmembrance region. The phylogenetic tree proved that DPV R1 protein had a close evolutionary relationship with the Mardivirus genus of the Alphaherpesviruses. In conclusion, all those results will provide some valuable information for the further research of UL39 gene.

Abstract: The analysis on codon usage bias of Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) RagB/SusD gene (GenBank accession No. NC_017045.1) may improve our understanding of the evolution and pathogenesis of RA and provide a basis for understanding the relevant mechanism for biased usage of synonymous codons and for selecting appropriate expression systems to improve the expression of target genes. In this study, the synonymous codon usage in the RagB/SusD gene of RA and 19 reference bacteroidetes have been investigated. The results showed that codon usage bias in the RagB/SusD gene was strong bias towards the synonymous codons with A and T at the third codon position. A high level of diversity in codon usage bias existed, and the effective number of codons used in a gene plot revealed that the genetic heterogeneity in RagB/SusD gene of bacteroidetes was constrained by the G + C content. The codon adaptation index (CAI), effective number of codons (ENC), and GC3S values indicated synonymous codon usage bias in the RagB/SusD gene of bacteroidetes, and this synonymous bias was correlated with host evolution. The phylogentic analysis suggested that RagB/SusD was evolutionarily closer to Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and that there was no significant deviation in codon usage in different bacteroidetes. There are 25 codons showing distinct usage differences between RA RagB/SusD and E. coli, 30 between RA RagB/SusD and Homo sapiens, 26 codons between RA RagB/SusD and yeast. Therefore the yeast and E. coli expression system may be suitable for the expression of RA RagB/SusD gene if some codons could be optimized.