Advanced Materials Research Vols. 641-642

Abstract: This research aimed to analyze the chemical components of the essential oil of the Selaginella doederleinii Hieron from various habitats and provide scientific basis for its quality control. The essential oil was extracted by the microwave-assisted extraction. Then the components of volatile oil were separated and identified by GC-MS. There were 12 common constituents in different habitats which were 2-pentyl-Furan, caryophyllene, beta-Ionone, dibenzofuran, phytone , DIBP, dibutyl phthalate, leinoleic acid methyl ester, qctadecatrienoic acid methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, margaric acid and octadecanoic acid. Moreover, the chemical constituents of volatile oil were different in different habitats.

Abstract: This article aims to study the extraction conditions of the total flavonoids and lactones from the ginkgo biloba powder. First, the influencing factors and levels for the extraction were determined by the single factor method, and then the optimum extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal experimental design. The results showed that the optimal conditions for ultrasonic extraction of the total flavonoids were as follows: 2mg cellulase and 0.1g raw material (ginkgo biloba powder) were dissolved in 10ml water solution. The pH of the solvent was 4.5 adjusted with hydrochloric acid. The materials were extracted in ultrasound bath at 55°C for 40min. The optimal conditions for ultrasonic extraction of the total lactones were as follows: 7mg cellulase and 0.1g raw material were dissolved in 10ml water solution with pH 4.9. The raw materials were extracted at 50°C for 35min. Under the optimum conditions, the peak area contents were nearly 90% and 58% for total flavonoids and lactones, respectively.

Abstract: The tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are one of the most important groups of carcinoigens in tobacco leaf, knowing the difference of TSNAs contents in tobacco genotypes should be beneficial for breeding low TSNAs cultivars which could decrease the harmfulness to human health in tobacco products. For this purpose, 8 genotypes (include burley, sun-cured and flue-cured tobacco) were selected as materials, the TSNAs contents of uncured and cured leaves were assessed with LC-MS/MS. The results showed that TSNAs contents were significantly increased after curing in all genotypes. The mean TSNAs contents of leaves before and after curing in burley were the highest among three types of tobacco, and the contents in sun-cured tobacco were the lowest. Coefficient of variation (CV) of TSNAs among genotypes in burley was higher than that in flue-cured and sun-cured tobacco, and the CV in sun-cured tobacco was the lowest. The positive correlation was observed in NNN, NAT and total TSNAs contents between uncured and cured leaves in three types of tobacco. Therefore, the TSNAs contents in uncured leaves could be considered as evaluation index to screen tobacco cultivars with the low TSNAs contents.

Abstract: With reference to VC, for the first time, this thesis studied the antioxidant activity in five fruit wine of Guangxi by five different systems（NO2－, •OH, O2-•,DPPH• and reduction ability）and the scoring method. Study results indicated: Firstly, five fruit wine had strong antioxidant ability in vitro except the Rosa laevigata michx wine had no scavenging effect on O2-•. Especially Fructus phyllanthus wine and the Rosa laevigata michx wine had scavenging effect on •OH as the same as VC and more reduction ability than VC. What’s more, Sour plum wine had more scavenging effect on O2-•than VC; Secondly, by scoring method, the following was the antioxidant activity in order: Fructus rhodomyrti wine

Abstract: An analytical method was developed for determining free and oligosaccharide-bound sialic acids in bovine colostrum by HPLC. The condition of acid hydrolysis for sample and sialic acids derivatization were investigated. The sialic acids were released from their parent oligosaccharides by acid hydrolysis using 40mL 0.1mol/L sulphuric acid for 100min. They were then derivatized using O-phenylenediamine (OPD) at 70°C for 40 min, the determination of the derivative could be carried out by UV detection. The total content of free and oligosaccharide bound sialic acids in bovine colostrum milk were 941.95μg/mL. The developed method is validated on various dairy products such as bovine milk and milk-based products.

Abstract: Vacuum pre-cooling technique was used as a rapid cooling method for leafy vegetables such as lettuce, spinach and so on. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of vacuum pre-cooling on physiological activities during cold storage. The results revealed that the increase in weight loss and membrane permeability was inhibited, and the sensory quality was improved. Meanwhile, the decompositions of chlorophyll and soluble solids were delayed. Taking all these into account vacuum pre-cooling treatment can significantly extend the shelf life of spinach.

Abstract: Two different ionic liquid of the N-(3-sulfonic group) propyl pyrrolidone hydrosulfate ([C3SO3Hnhp]HSO4) and the 2-pyrrolidone hydrosulfate ([Hnhp]HSO4) have been synthesized and used as catalyst for the biodiesel production from the soybean oil. The former exhibited better catalytic performance than that of the later one and the reaction conditions corresponding to [C3SO3Hnhp]HSO4 were optimized. Under the optimal condition the yield of methyl ester reached 93.6% and after repeatedly used for four times the catalytic activity for [C3SO3Hnhp]HSO4 still maintained in a high level.

Abstract: Removed at authors request

Abstract: This paper researched on the condition of protoplast preparation for two strains isolated by myself, selected the different of time、concentration of zymolase and temperature, in the end ,the proper condition was the 0.2mg/ml of zymolase, 30°C, the time of 40 minutes, the ratio of regeneration was 68.2%.

Abstract: Due to increasing salinity problems and biodiesel production, in this experiment four vegetables species were treated with different concentration of NaCl solution and the growth values were evaluated on germination to be able to understand salinity tolerance of main biodiesel plant species and screen better species which is possible to be cultivated on salinity land. Results indicated that salinity caused significant reduction in germination vigor (GV), relative percentage of germination (RGP), relative radicle length (RRL). Under higher salt concentration (9g/L), GV of soybean was lowest; GV of camelina and rape was highest. Soybean was sensitive to salinity stress under 3-6g/L according to relative percentage of germination (RGP). Under conditions of the higher salt stress (9g/L), RGP of rape and camelina was higher than oil sunflower and soybean. When saline concentration was 6g/L, the differentiation of RRL was more remarkable between species and rape had highest RRL (33.5%), next was camelina (26.5%), soybean (20%) and RRL of oil sunflower was lowest (12.4%). RRL of four species was less than 11-14% and RRL of camelina was higher than others when saline concentration increased into 9-12 g/L. All species had not any growth under salt concentration of 15g/L. Camelina had higher concentration of salinity tolerance (CST, 6g/L) than other three species, the rest was 2-3g/L. Camelina and rape had higher half lethal concentration (HLC, 9g/L), next was soybean (6g/L), and lowest one was oil sunflower (3g/L). Salt tolerance ranking for the four species based CST and HLC was camelina > rape > soybean > oil sunflower. It is possible for camelina to grow in saline soil in North of China after its suitable cultivation system is established.