Advanced Materials Research Vol. 649

Abstract: The balcony is one of the main reasons of the increased heat loss. If the balcony construction is performed of a metal back slab it would be hardly possible to avoid the formation of a powerful thermal bridge that will go along the whole balcony length. This problem could be solved by the thermal isolation of the wall which is the balcony support or by carrying out an integral thermal isolation of both the wall and the balcony. In the article the estimation and comparison of the six possible variants of the construction thermal isolation has been carried out. With the help of the two-dimensional thermal field the linear thermal transmittance and the temperature in distinguished points have been found.

Abstract: The article describes the results of research work carried out in cooperation between the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Brno and the Faculty of Civil Engineering in Vienna concerning the development and study of the behaviour of heat-insulation plasters on a silicate basis, in particular in the area of the transfer of heat and moisture in their structures. The main objective was to determine the capillary activity of the thermal moisture behaviour of the developed materials which can be source material for the further part of the research solution addressing the simulation of the behaviour of these thermal-insulating plasters in real constructions.

Abstract: The paper focuses on thermal properties for laboratory simulation testing to ascertain the viability of low-cement, Stabilized Rammed Earth (CSRE) as an ecological and sustainable envelope structure for colder regions. The results will be used to create a point of reference for the thermal performance of vernacular CSRE architecture, which could be integrated into building law, norms or standards by interested institutions.

Abstract: This paper deals with the impact of using phase change materials (PCM) in light building constructions. It describes how these materials react during the whole year, how they impact the summer temperature stability of a room and how they react in the transition period and in the heating period. Measuring was carried out in the experimental and reference room in the attic of the Institute of Building Structures. The layout of these identical rooms enables to compare the measured values. The measuring of the indoor climate, which had been carried out during the whole year in the reference and experimental room, was analyzed. The analysis was used to create the basic methodological procedure for using PCM in light building constructions. These materials proved to be efficient in the summer time. During the heating period the power consumption was monitored in relation to the application of the phase change materials.

Abstract: As a part of introducing new technologies and materials, reflective coatings are among many other materials ones, which have to be taken into account. This article presents the results of a comparative nature aiming to investigate the thermodynamic properties of selected reflective coatings on energy balance for periods of heating. In order to investigate their thermal performance at the external building surfaces dynamic outdoor testing was used. Two comparative coatings and reference standard facing coating were used for various samples. The measured data demonstrates that the representative coating consisting of hollow ceramic microspheres have the same thermodynamic properties as a standard facing coating, while the reflective coating have distinctive thermal performance effect depending on thermal insulation functions of measured samples.

Abstract: Wind farms are constructions that can be considered to only consumme energy for the production and installation of their component parts. Moreover, wind farms make up for their energy consumption in a relatively short while and generate green electric power for a long period of time after their start-up. Nevertheless, it is necessary to analyse the implications of wind farm construction for the surrounding environment.

Abstract: The paper is oriented on the effective ventilation, heating and cooling systems in office buildings by utilization of renewable energy sources. All these systems must be in mutual harmony and ensure thermal comfort. Ventilation system must use the power of wind, the heated air from the double skin facade, heat recovery system, preheating or cooling in the ground channel. In the summer, there must be used the night natural cooling of building. For the heating is the most suitable to use radiant floor heating (30%) in combination with radiant ceiling heating (70%). The next progressive way is the combination of new concrete core conditioning and floor convector heaters.

Abstract: The concept of reusing wastewater and rainwater in buildings has recently become more important. There are countries where the use of greywater in some buildings has already been made mandatory (e.g. in Japan for toilet flushing). Such measures are gradually being introduced in the EU, where water recycling projects exist for office buildings and hotels. The Czech Republic still lacks experience and a design background in this area. The article is based on TAČR project No. TA01020311, titled “The use of grey and rain water in buildings”, and summarizes basic information about the quality of greywater, and methods of treating it and recovering its heat.

Abstract: This contribution is concerned with the issue of defects in rock that is accompanied by the withdrawal of heat during cooling the Massif from different strata in the rock structure. The defects affect the heating performance of heat pump system earth - water. Also, they affect the surface structure of soil above the moving collectors. This area in proposals of earth-water heat pump systems is being marginalized into the background by the majority of planners in case that it is solved. Therefore, there are stated the following possible break-downs and their solutions with respect to emphasis on geological and hydrological project.

Abstract: Contemporary architecture is more often thought about in the terms of self-sustainability and price efficiency. Choice of materials and the overall design including the building structure and the enclosures, its energy systems, the reuse of resources and the minimum waste production are discussed all over the world. Implementing buildings in natural sites or in sub-urban communities that are not connected to the usual urban facilities is always a challenge if we intend to use sustainable strategies. Our approach describes a case study of a design strategy based on a few general principles, crucial in optimizing material and energy consumption and waste and emissions reduction for a new construction. We will follow the interdisciplinary approach of the design process analyzing how each step taken to a certain direction affects the entire planning stage, influencing also the constructive systems. Also we will show how every used element influences the processes of the building with certain constraints for the architectural approach, especially in terms of functional and aesthetic valences.