Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: The evaluation of the Marine Nature Reserve-ecosystem services is the key to set the criterion of the Marine Nature Reserve ecological compensation. Therefore, this paper identified and classified the Marine Nature Reserve-ecosystem services first. It pointed out that the Marine ecosystem services referred to the products and services that gained from the Marine Nature Reserve ecosystem, and were necessary for human to survive and develop, including the supplying services, regulating services, cultural services and supporting services. After that, this paper discussed the problems to evaluate ecosystem. Finally, it studied the evaluation methods and models of the Marine Nature Reserve-ecosystem services.

Abstract: This paper uses control points quality compliance method to calculate the COD, inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate marine environment capacity of Luoyuan Bay. Control point quality compliance method to calculate the environmental capacity of the location of the emission of pollutants, the distribution density and control point location is closely related to its value with the changes in the number of outfall and sewage position changes and change. Conditions of existing sources of pollution distribution, COD, inorganic nitrogen (Din), active phosphate environment capacity (PO4-P) for 602207t/a2576 t/a724 t/a.

Abstract: A mercury chloride sensitive Bacillus sp. X4 as a toxicity recognition element was isolated from soil. A novel microbial biosensor was developed based on the isolated X4 in combination with a dissolved oxygen electrode for the analysis of toxicity in wastewater. Optimal response of the biosensor was obtained at pH 7.0 - 7.5 and 30 - 35 °C with a detection linearity over the range 0.10 - 1.97 mg·L^-1 of HgCl₂. The repeatability of the sensor response were found to be 1.8%. Preliminary application of the biosensor in pharmacy wastewaters has demonstrated their effectiveness. Toxicity values produced with this biosensor for pharmacy wastewaters correlated well with those determined by standard method.

Abstract: Based on the monitoring data obtained from Haizhou Bay of Lianyungang in 2008, the concentrations and distributions of the heavy metals in surface water, surface sediments and benthos were studied. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in water were lower than standard, the sediment quality was good. The contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Hg in benthos were lower than assessment standards, Bullacta exarata was polluted by As, all animals were polluted by Cr. Organisms possessed different accumulation capacities for different heavy metals.

Abstract: The aim of this study is the relationship of the pH value, thickness of topsoil and water balance and other index, in order to achieve sustainable and economic application of the reclaimed land. Ultimate goal is improving the biomass of the soil in the mining area. Through the experiment, it can be seen that fly ash play essential role in arid year. With capillary function from underground water, fly ash will afford more available water for growth of wheat, improving structure of soil.

Abstract: Dating and tracing young groundwater with sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) is a new technology developed several years ago. To study the origin, evolution of shallow groundwater in the core area of Daqing Oilfield, and to analysis the relationship between groundwater migration and groundwater vulnerability, the age of shallow groundwater was calculated using SF₆ dating technology. The result shows that, (1) the SF₆ age can indicate groundwater flow conditions of research area, (2) the general trend of SF₆ age is getting old from the north to the south, (3) the SF₆ age of most areas is good consistent to the groundwater vulnerability.

Abstract: The planktonic diatom related index for assessing water quality was evaluated. The indexes for the planktonic diatoms and the benthic diatoms in the water of West River in Guangxi were compared. The same method was used in samples in June and September. There were significant difference in the indexes of each simpling site between the planktonic diatom and the benthic diatom. But there were insignificant difference in samples in June and September. Thus, it is useful for water quality monitoring to use the method that combining the planktonic diatom related indexes and the benthic ones.

Abstract: A geochemical study of was carried out to analyze the concentrations, distribution and accumulation of the SMTEs (Seldom Monitored Trace Elements) in sediments of Bohai Bay, North China. The results showed that the average concentrations of V, Co, Mo, Sb, Tl and Mn were 98.26, 15.07, 0.75, 2.06, 0.64 and 678.80 mg/kg, respectively. SMTEs concentrations and their spatial distribution indicated that the SMTEs were due to anthropogenic inputs except for Mo. The assessment of Geoaccumulation Index showed that Sb was at the level of unpolluted to moderately polluted, and the other SMTEs were at the unpolluted level. The order of the pollution level of the SMTEs was: Sb > Tl > V Co > Mn > Mo.

Abstract: A series of gasification experiments of sludge RDF was made by using independently developed gasification device. When sludge RDF was gasified at 300°C ~900°C, the trend of gas production was increased continuously with the peak of 65.5% at 900°C and the trend of bottom ash decreased continuously with the peak of 25.6% at 900°C, but tar yield firstly increased and then decreased, reaching maximum at 600 °C, about 31%. With the increase of the gasification temperature, combustible gas content of CO₂ decreased significantly, while H₂ , CO and CH4 increased. At 500 °C, heavy metal of Hg entirely evaporated into the atmosphere, volatile peak of Pb, Cd, As, Cu was in 800°C, volatile sort of 8 heavy metals was : Hg>Pb>Cd> As>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni. The optimal gasification temperature for sludge RDF is 700 °C when the volatilization rate of heavy metals was moderate, gas production was higher and tar produced was smaller.

Abstract: The paper collected bulletin data and literature information for fuzzy evaluation and quantitative analysis. Fuzzy evaluation was to compare the physical-chemical properties of Chaohu lake in China with the water tourist standards. Physical-chemical properties included water depth, temperature, flow, transparency, PH and floating materials, etc. Water tourist standards included natural swimming, yacht, diving, surfing, water-skiing and fishing, etc. The result shows the water quality of Chaohu lake restricts the development of the water tourist entertainment. Quantitative analysis was to calculate the loss rate due to water pollution of Chaohu lake. The water tourist function included three aspects about swimming, tourism and living. Pollutants index had BOD_5,TN,TP, As, Hg, Cd and Pb. The result shows the water pollution makes swimming loss, tourism serious damage, living middle damage, comprehensive function serious damage. Main reason is that total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) exceed the standard. Lake tourism should consider water tourist environmental conditionality and functional applicability.