Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: In this study, it was carried out by designing PH, soil fertilization content, humidity and mutagenic bacteria DX1 inoculation concentration of orthogonal experiment to research chlorpyrifos degradation rate in the soil, which was affected by mutagenic bacteria DX1 in the soil environment. SPSS software was taken visualized analysis and variance analysis to evaluate the impact of different levels of the test results, to determine the factors which had significant impact on the experimental results. It showed that the best environmental factors of chlorpyrifos degradation rate in soil were the pH 7, organic fertilizer content 5mg/kg, the soil moisture 70%, inoculation volume 50ml/kg. The pH value and inoculation volume had a significant impact on chlorpyrifos degradation rate in soil; the soil humidity had little effect and the organic fertilizer content had almost no effect.

Abstract: The increasingly serious environmental problems have become a threat to human society’s sustainable development, and the efficiency of the government to manage the environment is decreasing as well as its abilities is falling short of its desires. Therefore, it will be a trend to change environmental protection measures depend too much on the government and to introduce market mechanism and allocate environmental resources by laws of market for environment protection to develop further under socialist market economy.

Abstract: The research of water ecological security evaluation has important practical significance. This paper integrates the multivariate connection number with Markov chain to construct a dynamic evaluation model and set up the water ecological security evaluation index system from four aspects: water resources, water ecological environment, water management and control, social economy. The proposed model and evaluation index system are applied to respectively evaluate the water ecological security of Shandong Province in 1993, 1999, 2005 and 2011, and forecast its change trend, the results indicate that the proposed model has a efficient performance, the "relatively insecure" grade and "relatively secure" grade alternated in the past, the steady-state level of the water ecological security grade in Shandong province tends to be "relatively insecure", and the trend of water ecological system would rise to "relatively insecure" in the future.

Abstract: Based on empirical research on the 235 valid questionnaires, the evaluation index system of ecological environment governance was established in a regional industry focus areas ,a new combination empowerment method based on information entropy correction AHP, which can reduce the subjective bias, was put forward, and then a two fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate on ecological environment governance about the Hengyang lead and zinc industry focus fields, in order to better solve the evaluation of the regional industry focus field about the ecological environment governance for the Government, and provide a theoretical basis for the discovery of regional industrial problems and countermeasures of eco-environmental governance.

Abstract: This paper calculates frequency electric field intensity by the equivalent charge method, and analyzes the main factors affecting the electromagnetic environment of the 500kV Double Circuit Transmission Lines. In the same electromagnetic transmission line calculation parameters, optimization of phase sequence can effectively reduce the frequency electric field intensity; with the increase of the distance, the line frequency electric field intensity significantly reduces away from the center line within 25m. Finally, the paper obtains the phase sequence arrangement with minimal impact on the electromagnetic environment and the minimum ground clearance meeting the environmental requirements.

Abstract: As a powerful tool, biodiversity can be applied for assessing sustainability levels in agroecosystems as well as assessing both positive and negative effects of different agricultural activities and management strategies on the environment. It is the variety of life, including variation among genes, species and functional traits, which can increase the productivity of farming systems in a range of growing conditions, and also can maintain and increase soil fertility and mitigate the impact of pests and diseases. More diverse farming systems are generally more resilient in the face of perturbations, thus enhancing food security. For agriculture, biodiversity can be also expressed as planned (agricultural) and associated (para-agricultural and extra-agricultural) biodiversity, which reflect different functions of plants, animals and micro-organisms in agroecosystems. This paper introduces the categories of biodiversity in agroecosystems, assesses the functional biodiversity in sustainable agroecosystems, and prospects the significant of biodiversity in sustainable agroecosystems.

Abstract: soil environment functional area is for the protection of the soil ecological and human utility functions, divided the environmental similarity soil area unit. Soil environmental functions include production security functions, ecological protection function, bearer maintain function. Soil environmental function regionalization ideas are: proposed index system based on the concept of clear soil environmental function regionalization, then functional evaluation, and finally the formation of soil environmental regionalization map. Soil environmental function regionalization indicator framework should include three aspects: production security index system, ecological protection index system, the bearing to maintain index system.

Abstract: In recent decades, a large number of farmlands have reclaimed from natural grassland. The reclamation affects the net fluxes of greenhouse gases, so it can influence the global balance of greenhouse gases. This paper shows the impact of the natural grassland reclaimed to farmland on the major greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) exchanging fluxes.

Abstract: The plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties of five national roads in Xuzhou area were studied with the investigation methods of uniform distribution and typical sample and determination of soil properties in laboratory. The results show as follow:(1) There were 40 kinds of arbor,23 kinds of shrub, 40 kinds of herb in five national roads. P. lasiocarpa, Ligustrum lucidum, Juniperus chinensis cv. Kaizuka, Photinia serrulata and T. repens played important roles ,their important values were at the top.(2) The order of comprehensive Shannon-Wiener index was G206>G104>G311>G310>G205. Artificial trees and shrubs inhibited the growth of weeds to some extent. (3) Soil physicochemical properties were affected by human beings, large soil bulk density, high pH value, nutrient deficiency were a common feature of soil in five national roads.

Abstract: This paper not only makes a detailed introduction about the research of acid rain including the mechanism of formation, the factor of formation, the harm of acid rain and the analysis, detection and forecast of acid rain, but also points out the problem in the research and the control measure of acid rain.