Advanced Materials Research Vols. 734-737

Abstract: Gelatin has been successfully intercalated into monohydrate zirconium hydrogen phosphate in certain conditions by first inserting aminocaproic acid into its lattice followed by its replacement with gelatin.

Abstract: In order to compare the thermal sensitivity of several typical explosives, this article solved numerically one-dimensional transient heat conduction equation including thermal decomposition for explosives with finite difference method. The explicit difference equations under different boundary conditions were established, and the corresponding stability criterion was derived. The ignition times for typical explosives were calculated, which was used to evaluate thermal sensitivity of explosives.

Abstract: Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was synthesized from carbon dioxide, propylene epoxide (PO) and methanol. The catalytic performance of K₂CO₃, KI, rare earth oxides including CeO₂, Y₂O₃, La₂O₃ and Yb₂O₃ was investigated. Acceptable conversion of PO but poor selectivity to DMC was obtained using K₂CO₃ or KI as the sole catalyst compared to that obtained in the presence of rare earth oxides. Significant improvement in the selectivity to DMC was obtained catalyzed by co-catalyst composed of K₂CO₃ and Yb₂O₃, and 42.4% selectivity to DMC, which is higher than that obtained using K₂CO₃ or Yb₂O₃ as the sole catalyst under the identical conditions, was obtained. The influence of the amount of PO was also investigated, and the results showed that the conversion of PO is dependent on its amount.

Abstract: Titanium and gallium co-doped zinc oxide (TGZO) thin films with highly (002)-preferred orientation were grown on glass substrates by magnetron sputtering. The effect of thickness on structure and optical properties of the deposited films were investigated by X-ray diffractometer and spectrophotometer. The results show that the polycrystalline TGZO films consist of the hexagonal crystal structures with c-axis as the preferred growth orientation normal to the substrate, and that the thickness significantly affects the crystal structure and optical properties of the thin films. It is observed that the average transmitance in the wavelength range of the visible spectrum decreases with the increase of thickness. The TGZO thin film with about 900 nm thickness exhibits the maximum grain size, the lowest dislocation density and the minimum micro strain.

Abstract: One step synthesis of ε-caprolactam from cyclohexanone and hydroxylamine used acidic ionic liquids [HSO3-b-N(CH3)HSO4 as reaction medium and catalyst were investigated. Reaction conditions were investigated to obtain the optimum conditions. The results indicate that the yield of CPO is 35.9% and the yield of CPL is 20.4% under optimal reaction conditions.

Abstract: Matrix asphalt, rock asphalt and three different content of rock asphalt modified bitumen content were tested based on the elemental analysis,E-M-D method was used to analyze H/C and aromatic-carbon ratio. The result showed: organic matter content in the 5U rock asphalt by elemental analysis was extremely consistent with of rock asphalt with trichloroethylene measured,after adding 5U Rock Asphalt,the aromatic-carbon ratio of asphalt was Improved.

Abstract: The advanced dispersive type high temperature filtrate reducer used in oil well cement was synthesized with 2-acryloyl-2-methyl-propyl sulfonic (AMPS) , N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and organic acids. When the mass fraction of synthetic filtrate reducer was 1%, the filter loss of the cement slurry was 30ml/30min at 120 °C and 49ml/30min at 150°C respectively, and the cement strength was 25MPa after 24 hours, and the rheological property of the cement slurry was well when the mass fraction of synthetic filtrate reducer was 2%, and liquidity factor was 0.85, and the consistency was 0.43. The results showed that the filtrate reducer had good dispersity and could control the fluid loss efficiently, and the ability of resistance to high temperature and salt resistance was good.

Abstract: This study preliminarily evaluated water absorbency and potassium release property of a novel hybrid hydrogel material as a potential hydrogel K-fertilizer. This hybrid hydrogel material was prepared by introducing activated K-feldspar powder into starch-graft-PAA hydrogel networks via aqueous solution polymerization. The mineral phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and the water absorbencies of the hybrid hydrogel along with potassium release property were preliminarily studied. The results indicate that the optimum extraction rate of potassium is 92.14% using the additive of NaCl at 950°C and 2h. The hydrogel was prepared at the amount of starch, cross-linker, initiator, and neutralization degree were 20%, 0.04%, 0.6%, and 80%, respectively. The hybrid hydrogel was synthesized by mixing hydrogel with activated powders. The results show the water absorbency of the hybrid hydrogel is 169g/g and the potassium ion release percentage is 8.0% of activated powder per gram.

Abstract: A composite membrane of KGM/PVA was prepared by electrospinning process. KGM and PVA were dissolved in water and acetic acid (volum:6/4) with different concentration and the resulting blend sol was electrospun into the composite nanofibrous membranes. The influence of technical parameters on morphology and diameter of nanofibers was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results show that the concentration of KGM/PVA blend sol affects significantly on the fiber diameter and the morphology of composite membranes, and the increase of the voltage results in the decrease of the fiber diameter. The composite nanofibrous membranes with the average fiber diameter ranging from 87.5nm to 165.6nm were fabricated by electrospinning at the following conditions: 10% (w/v) of the concentration of KGM/PVA blend sol (weight ratio of KGM to PVA=4/6), 25KV of electric voltage, 0.0025mm s-1 of the feeding rate, 45°C of the electrospinning temperature and 16cm of receiving distance.

Abstract: Nanostructured SnO₂ was prepared by a parallel flow method under ultrasonic vibration. The photocatalytic performance of SnO2 was investigated by utilizing photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange used as model organic pollutant. SnO2 prepared was characterized by BET, XRD and SEM. The results show that ultrasonication can influence greatly the specific surface parameters, SEM image and particle size, thus leading to better photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic performance of SnO2 prepared by ultrasonication is 1.5 times of that of SnO2 prepared without ultrasonication.