Advanced Materials Research Vols. 821-822

Abstract: The flame-resistant fabric is prone to shrink under the flash fire, resulting in the surface changes of the fabric. In this research, the surface morphology of flame-resistant fabric after combustion was analyzed. Based on a handy laser scanner, the 3D point cloud data of the fabric surface was acquired. Through analyzing the height variation of fabric surface and calculating the slope of the wrinkle, the morphology change of the fabric surface was obtained. According to this method, the surface deformation of three aramid fabrics after 4s exposure to the flash fire was compared. The results show that this method is effective to evaluate the bulging height, wrinkle and shrink deformation of flame-resistant fabric after exposure.

Abstract: The cloud shoulder pattern with four weeping clouds shape commonly used for decorating the parts from collar to shoulder for clothing and shoulder part for blue and white porcelain can be traced back to persimmon calyx pattern of the Han Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the pattern of a four-petal leaf as first went for pattern details change and later advanced into cross flower, developing into the usual pattern decorated on fabrics. Till the Song dynasty, persimmon calyx pattern combined with Ruyi cloud (auspicious cloud) and was applied to architectures. However, the Yuan Dynasty’s shoulder cloud pattern with four weeping clouds shape used for decorating shoulders of clothing or porcelain was generated from combination of Ruyi cloud persimmon calyx pattern and “Bo” which was used to keep necks from wind and sand for Nomads in northern part of the country and developed into the cloud shoulder pattern focusing on decorating the shoulder of clothing and widely was used for nobles’ clothing. Gradually, the pattern was used for decorating crafts such as blue and white porcelain and gold and silver ware in the Yuan Dynasty. The cloud shoulder pattern spread from nobles to folks and was popular for decoration.

Abstract: Kesi is one of the most traditional silk fabrics of China. Due to its exquisite weaving technique and superiority beyond general fabrics, Kesi has been thought to be the best silk fabric since ancient times. This paper discusses its origin, application in the history, and probes into the future development of Kesi.

Abstract: This paper focuses on physical properties of ZnS thin films.ZnS thin films were successfully fabricated on Fluorine-Tin-Oxide(FTO) substrates(in a vacuum chamber maintained at 10-6Torr) at the substrate temperatures(Ts) of 150°Cand 200°Cby pulsed laser deposition(PLD),respectively.The structural properties of the ZnS films were analyzed with a X-ray diffraction(XRD) spectroscopy;The surface morphology of ZnS films was examined using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). With the increasing of the substrate temperature,the intensity of the (111) diffraction peak increases clearly and the surface of the ZnS films was more homogeneous and more compact.The main phase of the films deposited at 150°C and 200°C are both cubic-zinc-blende structure.The transmission spectra of the films was measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer(UV,model a Perkin Elmer-Lambda 950),it shown that the films have the high transmittance in the spectrum of the visible light range,and the optical energy gaps were 3.48eV and 3.54eV,corresponding to the substrate temperatures of 150°C and 200°C.The results shown that the PLD technique can fabricate the better ZnS thin films.

Abstract: Structural and elastic properties of AlN are investigated by using First-principles. Both of wurtzite and zinc-blende structures are investigated, respectively. The bulk moduli of the wurtzite structure and zinc blende AlN are 194.2GPa and 187GPa, which obtained by the elastic stiffness constants respectively. Shear moduli are 136GPa and 124GPa. Young's moduli are 331GPa and 305GPa. Poisson's ratio and Pugh criterion suggests that both of them are brittle material. The brittleness of wurtzite AlN is higher than that of zinc-blende AlN. The elastic anisotropy of the bulk moduli and shear moduli were discussed. Three-dimensional anisotropic of the young's modulus were analyzed.

Abstract: Transparent conducting aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films with different film thickness had been prepared on soda-lime glass substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering using a high density ceramic target. The structural, morphology, electrical, and optical properties of the AZO thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Hall-effect measurement and optical transmission spectroscopy, which were strongly influenced by film thickness. With the film thickness increasing from 140 nm to 710 nm, the resistivity decreases from 9.78 × 10³ to 3.23 × 10³ Ω.cm and an average optical transmission decreases from 88% to 80% in the visible range and the optical bandgap decreases from 3.47 to 3.24 eV.

Abstract: For the little thermodynamic information of Ta-Sn system, the liquid mixing enthalpy of Ta-Sn system, and the formation enthalpy of Ta₂Sn₃ and Ta₃Sn were calculated by Miedema model. The Ta-Sn phase diagram was modeled using CALPHAD technology to obtain a reliable thermodynamic description of the system. Two intermetallic compounds Ta₂Sn and Ta₃Sn were treated as stoichiometric compounds for the very narrow homogeneity ranges. The higher temperature phase diagram of Ta-Sn system was constructed according to Nb-Sn system for the empty information. The optimization process was carried out using the PARRAT software including in Thermo-Calc database system. The thermodynamic calculated Ta-Sn phase diagram is agreement with the evaluated phase diagram, and the calculated mixing enthalpies of molten Ta-Sn system match well with the Miedema data. The formation enthalpies of the two intermetallic compounds Ta₂Sn and Ta₃Sn are compared with the Miedema values.

Abstract: Zirconium resources and materials are important strategic materials, occupying the important position in national military industry. The applications of zirconium resources such as zirconium, zirconium alloys and zirconium compounds in chemical equipment, nuclear industry and ceramic industry are introduced. The distribution of zirconium resources in the domestic and abroad and several methods for preparing zirconium are also introduced. At the same time discussing the advantages and disadvantages of preparation methods, and pointing out that the electrolytic deoxidization method has broad application prospects. At last, the development tendency of the comprehensive utilization of zirconium resources in China is discussed.

Abstract: The effects of Gd on microstructure of AZ71 magnesium alloy were studied by optical microscope, SEM and X-ray diffraction analyzer. The results show that the alloy mainly contained α-Mg matrix, eutectic α (Mg)+β (Mg₁₇Al₁₂) phase and Al₂Gd phase. The microstructure of alloy was refined and homogeneous by Gd. The volume fraction of β phase is decreased with the addition of Gd, and the β-phase are congregated and coarsened with the excessive Gd.

Abstract: In order to indentify calcium quickly and accurately in solid matter, a variety of identification methods were compared and etching flame reaction method was proposed in this study. In this study, ordinary flame reaction method, indicator method, precipitation method, etching flame reaction method and X-ray diffraction were used to identify the calcium. The results of identification showed that ordinary flame reaction method and indicator method easily suffered from the surrounding, and that X-ray diffraction required the expensive and large-scale instrument; however, etching flame reaction method was quick, accurate, and low-cost. It is concluded that etching flame reaction method is a very suitable method for the identification of the calcium in solid matter.