Advanced Materials Research Vols. 838-841

Abstract: Geo-environment evaluation of damaged mountains of Jinan City based on efficacy coefficient method considers both the geo-environment factors and the landscape factors. The geo-environment evaluation of 49 important damaged mountains was made based on efficiency coefficient method. The proposed practical management advices based on the evaluation results were almost unanimous with the actual management results. The method can provide scientific basis for damaged mountain management planning, the selection of ecological restoration scheme.

Abstract: Machines operators expose to excessive noise in the workplace that may lead to hearing damage. This study investigates construction machine operators noise exposure levels for eight hours or time weighting averages (TWAs), relationship TWA with machine noise emission level, the practices of using hearing protection devices (HPDs) and working in a closed machine cab. Heavy and non-heavy machine operators at five construction sites involved with excavation and piling activities were selected and measured by using dosimeters. 68% of operators were exposed to TWA of 85 dBA and 18% of the operators exceeded the permissible limit. 40% of operators work inside a closed machine cab, 18% wear earplugs and only 16% practiced both. Both operators of heavy machines (except excavators) and dump trucks are exposed to TWA > 90 dBA if they work in open machine cabs. The TWAs were found well correlated (r=0.41) with the machine noise emission, which ranged between 84 dBA to 125 dBA. Furthermore, this study proposes the type of HPD for the operators of typical machine to minimise the risk of hearing loss.

Abstract: The new controllers of plateau airports are at the higher risk of acute mountain sickness (AMS) caused by the reduced pressure and hypoxia. The rapid growth of air traffic flow of plateau airports in recent years boosts the increasing number of new air traffic controllers of plateau region. So it has great significance for the improvement of air traffic control (ATC) of plateau airports how to prevent AMS in an effective way. To enhance the ATC efficiency, it is also very important to improve the prevention work for AMS. Firstly, the current operation state of plateau airports is discussed in brief. And the analysis on AMS is conducted to present what AMS is and ascertain the effects of AMS on the new controllers and their work. And the new strategy, an effective way to improve the plateau environment acclimatization of the new members, is proposed in this paper.

Abstract: At present, the cumulative coal gangue piles up about 4.5 billion tons and annual discharge capacity reaches 300 million tons in China. Emissions of coal gangue wastes national resources and will take up a lot of land. Besides, the ecological environment will be polluted and damaged. Using coal gangue as roadbed filling material can not only solve the difficulty of land expropriation, but also consume a large amount of accumulated coal gangue, which has huge economic and environmental benefits. Through laboratory soak test and leaching test, this paper analyses the inorganic salt content and heavy metals of coal gangue used in Xing Fen expressway. Groundwater in Xing Fen highway was captured, detected, evaluated and its quality was good or excellent. In this project, the effects of coal gangue on groundwater meet the regulatory requirements and coal gangue as a new filler can be applied to coastal highway roadbed.

Abstract: Prediction and optimization on water quality parameters (WQPs) have become more and more important to the wastewater treatment system (WWTs). In this study, the genetic algorithm backpropagation neural network model (GA-BPNN) had been used to predict and optimize WQPs of a low-strengthen complex wastewater treatment system (LSCWWTs). Results showed that the correlation coefficients between the predicted values and measured values were R² =0.946 for COD, R²=0.962 for BOD, R²=0.933 for TN, R²=0.985 for NH₃-N, R²=0.969 for TP, and R²=0.968 for SS, indicating the predictive values by the GA-BPNN model well fitted the mesured values of effluent WQPs. The optimal effluent WQPs were COD=27.6mg/L, BOD=7.1mg/L, TN=5.4mg/L, NH₃-N=0.9mg/L, TP=0.11mg/L and SS=9.25mg/L, respectively. And the corresponding operating parameters were MLSS=3045.4mg/L, MLVSS=2405.9mg/L, T=23.2 °C, R=1.4, SRT=12.5d, HRT=17.3h, COD_in =643.3mg/L, BOD_in=342.2mg/L, TN_in=54.2mg/L, NH₃-N_in=45.3mg/L, TP_in=4.9mg/L, SS_in=452.6mg/L, which could be beneficial to the operation optimization of LSCWWTs.

Abstract: Mathematical statistical method (MSM) is a very important wastewater treatment plant data processing analysis tool. In this study, MSM had been used to evaluate the efficiency, stability and reliability of the low-strengthen complex wastewater treatment system. Results showed that while LSCWWTs upgrading in the future, each influent parameter could be set as the follows: COD = 738 mg/L, BOD = 300 mg/L, SS = 454 mg/L, TN = 64.3 mg/L, NH₃-N = 65.2 mg/L and TP = 7.65 mg/L. For effluent of LSCWWTs, the stabilities of COD, BOD, SS and TN were all A, TP was B, and NH₃-N was D. For effluent COD, TN and NH₃-N reached the first class discharge standard of A, the reliability probabilities were 83.89%, 80.23% and 99.43%, respectively. And the reliability probabilities of effluent WQPs reached the first class discharge standard of B were all more than 98%.

Abstract: Seawater exchange capacity of a bay is a key factor to determine the water environment quality,research of which is a basic issue in marine environmental science. Seawater exchange rate can directly estimate the marine environment capacity. This paper summarizes the computing methods of seawater exchange rate in a tidal estuary, analyzes the methods systematically and proposes some existing problems to explore in depth ,which prospects the development trends and the main research aspects in the future.

Abstract: In this paper, marine environment in Dagukou district of Tianjin port is analyzed and evaluated. Marine oil spill accident is an important source of petroleum hydrocarbon in marine waters. So the simulation and forecasting of influence scope and trajectory of oil spill is a key means to obtain the hazard of oil spill to environmental protection target. A multi-module coupled oil spill model is constructed for simulating the influence scope and trajectory of oil spill, based on the coupling of the hydrodynamic model and wind field data.

Abstract: Recently, the concern for global environmental issues has risen all over the world. The increment in concentration of the heat-trapping greenhouse gases that causes global warming in earth’s atmosphere became a serious problem. The level of the sea rises by melting glaciers when global warming advances it. Forecasting the changes of carbon dioxide concentration is a major issue to maintain the stability of the Earth and its species. The measurement of carbon dioxide is also important for agriculture and local industrialization. The density of carbon dioxide varies depending on the environment. The development of a low cost device that detects carbon dioxide density is discusses in this paper. We developed some measurement systems of carbon dioxide for various purpose.

Abstract: 29 strains of KSB(potassium solubilizing bacteria) were sampled from red soil of Poyang Lake area of Jiangxi province in China. Potassium solubilizing screening and temperature and pH tolerate experiments were conducted in red soil medium: 5 strains include K10, K12, K14, K16,K29 with better potassium solubilizing ability were screened. Further study shows K16 performs better at low temperature of 15-25°C, while K12 keeps active at a temperature of 40°C, All strains show biggest potassium solubilizing ability at pH6.5 except K10 at pH5.5. And K10 stays active at a low pH of 3.5-5.5.