Advanced Materials Research Vols. 864-867

Abstract: Diaokou River is one of the old courses of the Yellow River access to the sea before 1976 and its estuarine delta is an important part of National Nature Reserve of Yellow River Delta. The Yellow River Conservancy Commission decided the ecological water supplement to the wetland during the water and sediment regulation period in 2010. In this study, we analyzed the land use and land cover changes before and after the ecological water supplement in Diaokou River by using HJ-1B CCD data. The impact of the ecological water supplement on land use and land cover changes in Diaokou River was remarkable. The expansion of shrub-grassland and water body at large scale is conspicuous, while decreasing areas of shallows was 15.03 km² and unutilized land decreasing amplitude was 28%. The main area of land use change was in Yiqianer protected areas, where concentrated in the estuary of the Diaokou River.

Abstract: The water quality of Xinlicheng Reservoir was studied over a 4-year period (2008-2011) on seasonal variations by SPSS nonparametric tests of significance and principle component analysis (PCA). Most selected water quality variables except total nitrogen (TN) and permanganate index (COD_Mn) exhibited significantly seasonal variations. Multiple group variables were reduced to 2 components by PCA: biotic factor and trophic factor, fluctuating with seasonal variations. The composite scores between seasons from PCA showed the comprehensive water quality was better during the dry season than during the wet season. A synchronizing regional response of water quality is associated with hydrological and geochemical processes, climatic conditions driven by monsoon climate, and anthropogenic influences, such as sewage discharges, agricultural activities and artificial regulation.

Abstract: Ecohydraulics is an emerging interdisciplinary science and mainstream engineering researching on the interaction relationship between hydrodynamic characteristic and aquatic ecosystem, it integrates biology, geology, hydrology, morphology, ecology, engineering and other disciplines. Based on the collection of literature on ecohydraulics from Web of Science database, the bibliometric analysis on 563 literatures from the year 1991 to 2012 has been conducted, including publication year, author, country, institution, subject, source journal and keyword analysis. Some conclusions have been made that these literatures on ecohydraulics are growing exponentially year by year; these literature involves a lot of authors and forms three research groups which scattered in Britain, the United States and New Zealand, the result clearly shows a positive correlation between the number of published literatures and the length of the research history in this subject; the main institutions of these literature include United States Geological Survey, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Lyon and University of Birmingham; and the subjects of these literature include environmental sciences & ecology, water resources, marine & freshwater biology, engineering and other subjects; more than 40% of the literature published in journals with the impact factors greater than 2.0. The main research contents are as follow: biological characteristics of aquatic organism, the impact of hydrodynamics on river habitats and aquatic organisms and, the feedback of the organism on flow. Theoretical analysis, system testing, statistical analysis and hybrid analog-digital simulation are primary research techniques and applications of the research concentrate on environmental flow requirement, habitat assessment, eco-engineering design and flow field control.

Abstract: The tectonic stress field plays an important role in the research of crustal stability, fault activity and the geological disaster effect. On the basis of related geological data, ANSYS and FLAC3D are applied in this paper to set up a reasonable geological structure model and boundary conditions, aiming at making a numerical simulation analysis of tectonic stress field in the southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The result and the measured data fit better, which provides a reference for the further study of the project.

Abstract: Water resource allocation was carried out by a serious of engineering and non-engineering measures. These measures would influence region water cycle on two aspects, cycling process and cycling ways. Based on the data of Ningxia, water cycle changes in different areas caused by different water resource allocation measures were analyzed. A quantificational method about how to affect region water cycle by water resource allocation was also presented. At last, the water cycle changes happened in plain area, Yanghuang area, and south mountainous area were forecasted, that would give some special support for people to carry out water resource allocation rationally.

Abstract: In order to increase power generation of hydropower station,a higher flood control level was favorable for most of the hydropower station in flood season,but this could bring about high risk for reservoir operation sometimes.Taken Xihe reservoir for example in this paper,by analyzing the long series of the flood characters on damsite,storage and discharge capability of the reservoir,a feasible flood control level was put forward in the premise of ensuring flood control safety.Moreover,the pre-discharged rule was figured out on the basis of formulated pre-discharged index,pre-discharged flow and scheme comparison, finally, the safety of the rule application was confirmed by flood routing.It is expected that more power could be generated in flood season as a result of risen water level before the dam.

Abstract: to test the Effect of elevated temperature and drought stress on growth of Lycium barbarum, the one-year-old seedling of L. barbarum were planted in ambient temperature condition or elevated temperature (2.5~3.7°Cabove ) condition using open top chambers for one growing season. The seedling height, root-collar diameter, new shots length and diameter etc. were tested to analyze the morphological response of L. barbarum to climate change. The result showed that soil drought stress reduced the height, root-collar, and new shot diameter growth of L. barbarum seedling, and elevated temperature increased the root-collar growth of L. barbarum seedling. The effect of elevated temperature on seedling height and new shot growth depended on the soil moisture condition.

Abstract: On 22th May 2013, the courtship and mating behavior of the False viper (Macropisthodon rudis) during and after its meal in the field of South China was observed. The entire process by means of video recording and the whole event observation methods was described in this paper. Compared with the published reports about related investigaions of courtship and mating behavior of other colubrids, we found that the courtship and mating behavior pattern of the False viper is similar to other colubrids, but we didnt observe any sign of male biting female during its courtship and mating, which is an obvious fact in some other colubrids species and the male didnt show strong control freak during copulation and it appeared a rare phenomenon that two males hemipenial inserted into one females cloaca at the same time.

Abstract: Based on biomass collected from field surveys and carbon contents determined in laboratory,carbon storage of different reforestation under different models for conversion of cropland to forestland or pasture and its distribution characteristics were examined.The results showed as follow: the carbon stock of the different reforestation models is L. gmelini (106.12 t·hm^-2) > P. sibirica (85.08 t·hm^-2) > P. davidiana (77.78 t·hm^-2) > Hippophae rhamnoides (63.29 t·hm^-2) > Caragana korshinskii (52.82 t·hm^-2). Compared to that of the sloping cropland (59.55 t·hm^-2), carbon densities of P. sibirica and L. gmelini ecosystems increased by 42.90% and 78.20%, respectively; for the Hippophae rhamnoides and P. davidiana ecosystems, the number increased by 6.28% and 30.61%; carbon content in soil layer between 0-100cm reduced significantly with the depth, the distribution pattern of carbon sequestration was in the order of soil layer > vegetation layer.

Abstract: Based on Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool (VDDT), the 100(1989-2089) years forest landscape dynamics in the western margin of Sichuan Basin under 3 scenarios were simulated. Management measures such as closing the land for reforestation, forestation, stand improvement, reinforcement planting can increase forest land area, reduce open forest land area,suitable land for forest and shrub land.Artificial Cryptomeria fortunei plantations get more negative influences from rodent damage than artificial Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations. After earthquake, rodent damages intensity and frequency increased, suitable land for forest and unused land first increased and then decreased, forest land first decreased and then increased; forest land decreased and unused land increased in 2089, compared with the scenario without rodent damage or earthquake.