Advanced Materials Research Vols. 864-867

Abstract: To obtain a better understanding of the role of non-isothermal flow in the unsaturated zone in the presence of the water table, the isothermal and non-isothermal models driven by the observed atmospheric data were used to reproduce soil moisture dynamics observed in the lysimeter with a 100-cm water table level over one year period. Results from the simulations indicated that although the isothermal and non-isothermal models both captured the general trend of soil water content dynamics during one year period, simulated values by the isothermal model presented less dynamic variations, which overestimated the soil water content during the rainy season and underestimated it during other periods. On the other hand, the non-isothermal model not only reproduced well the seasonal variations of soil temperatures but also reproduced more reasonably soil water dynamics in the whole profile and during the whole simulation period.

Abstract: Hydrologic series has high nonlinear and nonstationary properties because of heterogeneity and anisotropy of karstic aquifer. Taking spring flow sequence day by day of Maoshuikeng station in Houzhai area for example, make the sequence nearly stationary by getting the natural logarithm. Based on the stationary sequence, AR (2), an auto regression model, is developed to simulate and predict the karst spring flow. The simulation results showed that AR(2) model is suitable to short-term (3 days) prediction.

Abstract: Due to historical reasons,geographic and climate conditions, water ecological environment is fragile and water resources development has badly lagged behind the requirements of social and economic development in western regions of China.The study analyzes natural geographic conditions, climate conditions, water resources distribution, and points out the development endowment of water resources is poor. Then the study deep dives into the problems existing in water resources development from the view of the sustainable utilization of water resources, and indicates that the government should play the leading role and strengthen cooperation with market and public affairs organizations. At last, the study offers some suggestions to realize the sustainable utilization of water resources. It is essential to improve water conservation legal system, and perfect management system which is the combination of valley management with district management, clear water rights, and establish water right transfer system. Public affairs organizations should strengthen the supervision of governments and enterprises, actively influence government decision-making process, and mobilize all social forces to participate in the development and sustainable utilization of water resources.

Abstract: Based on the polymodality criterion, the laws of the annual rivers runoff were studied. It is shown that they are polymodal and this polymodality is of general occurrence. At that, there are no single-mode and two-mode laws of the river runoff distribution in nature. The 3-mode and 4-mode laws are the most commonly encountered. It is shown that the annual runoff is also a random discontinuous value. The values of discontinuous occurrences are presented which can provide the basis for the future theory of creation of polymodal laws of the annual runoff distribution.

Abstract: Based on finite element platform ANSYS, This paper focus on the displacement and the stress response under the static loads forced on the water intake tower structure. Research including describe the distribution of displacement and stress on the structure under gravity load in the finishing construction period, And the structural stress and displacement during the working period. The calculation results show that, in the design of reasonable conditions, the main structure can meet the requirements of safety, but some high stress at some local place, which can be improved by other methods.

Abstract: To solve the problem of how to evaluate coal floor multi-aquifer which is under complex hydro-geological conditions, a new approach is presented, which is AHP vulnerability index method based on GIS. In the research the main controlling factors influencing coal floor water inrush and its weight factors are taken into account. The method truly reflects the nonlinear dynamical process of coal floor inrush under the influence of many factors. Applying this method to evaluate the water inrush vulnerability of No.13091 working face No. 2₁ coal floor aquifer in L_1-3 limestone and Ordovician - Cambrian limestone in Pingyu 1st coal mine, the results have showed that this method is more effective comparing with other traditional water inrush coefficient methods. The problem of indicating coal floor water inrush under complex hydro-geological conditions has been solved by using this method.

Abstract: Our article is studied with the improvement of a physically-based numerical model that uses for a new finite element solution to the transient or steady problems of the groundwater and surface water flows of a specific region with the help of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to store, manage, represent and take decides on all condition. Our article research subsurface and surface model proposes groundwater and surface water interact to be depth averaged through a new interpretation of a linear river flood calculus method. Overland flows and infiltration rates production processes are estimated by a sub model which records for this kind of groundwater and surface water interactions. Groundwater and surface water interactions discuss also new evapotranspiration and evaporation processes as a spread discharge from ground water table, non-saturated subsoil and surface water. The practical application regards the present flooding of six gauge stations, in the context of the water resources fate and use at the Yifeng River basin (similar to 776.6m²), Jiangxi China. Our article developed model DMSYQ was applied to the complex geology and the whole of the water resources of the Yifeng River basin.

Abstract: Yan'an is the center of political, economic, cultural and military in Shanbei, and is also a city of water resources extremely shortage. This paper by using the principal component analysis to select 13 indicators and establish the indicators system, two main ingredients reflect Yan'an WRCC, thus evaluate Yan'an WRCC in 2006 - 2011 timing data. Results show that: rate of urbanization, ecological and environmental water use rate, per capita GDP, rate of water resources development and utilization and sewage treatment rate are the main factors affecting Yan'an WRCC; 2006-2011 Yan'an in the temporal distribution of WRCC overall downward trend, the development and utilization of water resources potential in Yan'an weaker. Finally put forward reasonable suggestions aim at future sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Yan'an.

Abstract: Using salinity database of World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09) issued by NOAA in 2010, refer the range of high-salinity tongue to indicate the strength about high-salinity water, from the perspective of structural changes of salinity; the water exchange through Ryukyu Islands upper 500 m have been analyzed, the results show that: due to Ryukyu Trough, currents on both sides of Ryukyu Islands occur exchange, for upper 500 m, high-salinity water in east of the Ryukyu Islands mainly invade the west waterthe Kuroshio in East China Sea; the intrusion strength is powerful from the depth of 100 m to 200 m, and the 150 m layer is the core layer of high-salinity water intrusion; the high-salinity water at the east of Ryukyu Islands invades the Kuroshio are stronger in March, May, June, September, October and November, are weaker in April and December.

Abstract: Seepage problem is of great importance to the stability of the soil dams in deep overburden foundation which is composed of coarse-grained soils. With a discussion on the relationship between particle size distribution and seepage law of the coarse-grained soils, Darcy's law was applied to simulate the seepage flow process of the deep overburden foundation of the Wudongde project. The variational inequality approach of the Signorini's type was used to solve the seepage field of the cofferdam site to eliminate the singularity at the seepage points. The result illustrates that the seepage control system composed of a concreted cutoff wall and geo-membrane sloping wall exhibits perfect performance under normal operation conditions. The differences of the seepage field characteristics under different hydraulic conductivities combinations of overburden layers were discussed. Finally, stabilities under different operation situations were evaluated with linear and nonlinear analysis with a consideration of the effects of seepage process.