Dielectrophoresis Response and Manipulation of Silica and its Application to Micro/Nanosensors

Abstract:

In this paper, silica microspheres and several novel μm scale DEP (dielectrophoresis) micro electrode array chips were prepared. A DEP experimental system was assembled to investigate the the DEP response of silica microspheres and micrometer particles. The effects of pattern of electrodes and frequency of AC field on the manipulation of silica microspheres were analyzed. The results showed that silica microspheres were manipulated by negative DEP (nDEP) in all types of electrodes, the position of silica microspheres in the electrodes changed when the frequency was changed and the phenomenon of nDEP was more obvious at higher frequency. A gas sensor was fabricated by dielectrophoretically assembling SiO₂ micrometer particles. The sensor showed good response to SO₂ and NH₃ gas. The measurement results confirmed DEP could be a quicker method for constructing gas sensor.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 873)
• Pages: 713-719
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.873.713
• Online since: December 2013
• Authors: Bi Hao Lan*, Lu Zhang, Hui Ying Chen, Ling Yu Tan, Hua Li, Li Li Feng, Xiao Ye Hong
• Keywords: Dielectrophoresis, Gas Sensor, Manipulation, Silica

References

[1] X. Yan, Z. Lei, Silicon dioxide hollow microspheres with porous composite structure: Synthesis and characterization, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 362 (2011) 253-260.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.06.062

[2] A. Ahmed, R. Clowes, E. Willneff, H. Ritchie, P. Myers, H. Zhang, Synthesis of Uniform Porous Silica Microspheres with Hydrophilic Polymer as Stabilizing Agent, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49 (2009) 602-608.

DOI: 10.1021/ie901213v

[3] K. Ogawa, S. Chemburu, G.P. Lopez, D.G. Whitten, K.S. Schanze, Conjugated Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Silica Microspheres, Langmuir, 23 (2007) 4541-4548.

DOI: 10.1021/la0630108

[4] S. Araki, H. Doi, Y. Sano, S. Tanaka, Y. Miyake, Preparation and CO2 adsorption properties of aminopropyl-functionalized mesoporous silica microspheres, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 339 (2009) 382-389.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.07.024

[5] C. Zhang, T. Hou, J. Chen, L. Wen, Preparation of mesoporous silica microspheres with multi-hollow cores and their application in sustained drug release, Particuology, 8 (2010) 447-452.

DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2010.05.012

[6] K. Yao, Y. Zhu, P. Wang, X. Yang, P. Cheng, H. Lu, ENFET glucose biosensor produced with mesoporous silica microspheres, Materials Science and Engineering: C, 27 (2007) 736-740.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2006.07.011

[7] G.N. Karanikolos, N. -L.V. Law, R. Mallory, A. Petrou, P. Alexandridis, T.J. Mountziaris, Water-based synthesis of ZnSe nanostructures using amphiphilic block copolymer stabilized lyotropic liquid crystals as templates, Nanotechnology, 17 (2006).

DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/13/007

[8] L. Yang, J. Motohisa, J. Takeda, K. Tomioka, T. Fukui, Size-dependent photoluminescence of hexagonal nanopillars with single InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells fabricated by selective-area metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, Applied physics letters, 89 (2006).

DOI: 10.1063/1.2372710

[9] S. Mandal, R.K. Singha, A. Dhar, S.K. Ray, Optical and structural characteristics of ZnO thin films grown by rf magnetron sputtering, Materials Research Bulletin, 43 (2008) 244-250.

DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.05.006

[10] X. Fang, Y. Bando, U.K. Gautam, C. Ye, D. Golberg, Inorganic semiconductor nanostructures and their field-emission applications, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 18 (2008) 509-522.

DOI: 10.1039/b712874f

[11] X. Luo, A. Morrin, A.J. Killard, M.R. Smyth, Application of Nanoparticles in Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors, Electroanalysis, 18 (2006) 319-326.

DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503415

[12] S.R. Mahmoodi, B. Raissi, E. Marzbanrad, N. Shojayi, A. Aghaei, C. Zamani, Dielectrophoretic assembly of ZnO nanorods for gas sensing, Procedia Chemistry, 1 (2009) 947-950.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2009.07.236

[13] J. Suehiro, H. Imakiire, S. -i. Hidaka, W. Ding, G. Zhou, K. Imasaka, M. Hara, Schottky-type response of carbon nanotube NO2 gas sensor fabricated onto aluminum electrodes by dielectrophoresis, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 114 (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2005.08.043

[14] W.J. Liu, J. Zhang, L.J. Wan, K.W. Jiang, B.R. Tao, H.L. Li, W.L. Gong, X.D. Tang, Dielectrophoretic manipulation of nano-materials and its application to micro/nano-sensors, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 133 (2008) 664-670.

DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2008.03.032

[15] H. Kawamoto, K. Tsuji, Manipulation of small particles utilizing electrostatic force, Advanced Powder Technology, 22 (2011) 602-607.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2010.09.001

[16] W. Liu, J. Zhu, Z. Wang, X. Tang, Fabrication and characterization of a novel wafer-level micro-electrode system for dielectrophoresis manipulation, Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, 42 (2010) 1653-1658.

DOI: 10.1016/j.physe.2010.01.020

[17] M. Cha, J. Yoo, J. Lee, Bacterial cell manipulation by dielectrophoresis on a hydrophobic guide structure, Electrochemistry Communications, 13 (2011) 600-604.

DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.03.020

[18] G.R. Ballantyne, P.N. Holtham, Application of dielectrophoresis for the separation of minerals, Minerals Engineering, 23 (2010) 350-358.

DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2009.09.001

[19] Z. Wang, M. Kroener, P. Woias, Design and fabrication of a thermoelectric nanowire characterization platform and nanowire assembly by utilizing dielectrophoresis, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 188 (2012) 417-426.

DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2012.02.047

[20] H. Pohl, Dielectrophoresis, in, Cambridge University Press, US, 1978, p.350.

[21] K. -S. Chow, H. Du, Dielectrophoretic characterization and trapping of different waterborne pathogen in continuous flow manner, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 170 (2011) 24-31.

DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2011.03.053

[22] R. Paul, K.V.I.S. Kaler, Theory of Electrode Polarization in Dielectrophoresis and Electrorotation, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 194 (1997) 225-238.

DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1997.5106

[23] N. Crews, J. Darabi, P. Voglewede, F. Guo, A. Bayoumi, An analysis of interdigitated electrode geometry for dielectrophoretic particle transport in micro-fluidics, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 125 (2007) 672-679.

DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2007.02.047

[24] Z.L. Fang, Production and Application of Microfluidic Chip, Chenmical Industry Press, China, (2005).

[25] L.L. Feng, W. Zhao, J.J. Tong, G.H. Yue, Preparation and Characterization of Hollow Silica Nanospheres, Advanced Materials Research, 393-395 (2012).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.240

[26] L.Z. HY Chen, BH Lan, Dielectrophoresis Response and Manipulation of TiO2 Particles, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 320 (2013) 208-213.

[27] L. Chen, J. Zhang, Capacitive humidity sensors based on the dielectrophoretically manipulated ZnO nanorods, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 178 (2012) 88-93.

DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2012.02.030