Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: This article has analyzed water resources present situation in Huangshi. In view of water resources problem at present, put forward some proposals to the next water resources sustainable use.

Abstract: According to the characteristics of the mountain river, we explore new methods of river ecological studies in mountain revetment application. As the existing river training measures based mainly on engineering, it makes the linear shape of the river, the rules section of the river, revetment material hardening of the river. While increasing the river's flood drainage capacity, it destroyed the river's natural ecosystem. This paper presents an ecological revetment method combine chain-typed concrete with sash concrete, achieving better results in the application of Shikui River training works, it not only meets the requirements of flood control embankment, but also reduces soil erosion, while keeping biological diversity, and sustaining use of water resources. It has a good prospect in the maintenance of ecologically sustainable development in the environment engineering construction.

Abstract: Along with the progress of the water-saving technology, the water users who have excess water resources by using water saving technology may transfer the spare water rights to whom with water shortage. As a new attempt to water rights transaction, water options transaction has fully showed its efficiency and flexibility, and the water options pricing problem is the key problem in the process of trading. Using market mechanism enables water users participate in water rights transaction independently, water users who have excess water resources hold American put options based on the water rights, can use the binary tree pricing model to analyze the value of the American put option at various stages to help them deciding whether to perform rights or give up rights.

Abstract: Wenrui river system in the north of Fanyou is located in Wenzhou city. In recent years, river water quality has been improved by the implementation of ecological water diversion with the phenomenon of large area of black smelly basically eliminated. But there is still no fundamental improvement in river water environment. In this paper, sluice scheduling, scheduling of water supply and optimized control scheme is studied based on the one-dimensional river network model, on the basis of current situation of ecological operation, through analyzing the characteristics of river water system in north of Fanyou, water source and the distribution of main control sluice. It is turned out that water quality of Wenrui river system in north of Fanyou cannot be comprehensively improved by ecological water diversion and can only be targeted to the important areas and key rivers, due to the large area, complex river net and limited ecological water supply. Pollution reduction is the most fundamental way to improve river water quality. But currently, on the premise of difficultly cutting down complete pollutions, river water quality can be improved to a certain extent by ecological water diversion with Puzhou sluice as the main control sluice, combined with other sluices for joint scheduling. In the future, if pollution load can be reduced and enough water supply can be guaranteed, river water quality can reach class II or III in the key areas along the Ou River and river water in other areas also has different degrees of improvement.

Abstract: Along with the main rivers and lakes of China are polluted inordinately, water environment issues in China have been becomingincreasingly severe. The cross-domain water pollution contradictions cannot be well settled by the government-centered river and watercourse control, which means that,urgently, a new river and watercourse control mechanism needs to be established. With continuous changes of water management, in order to get along with water even more harmoniously, the mankind has formed the concept of water resource management through cross-domain consultation. Combining traditional, historical and social culturefactors, ancient and modern, this paper analyzes influences of the cross-domain consultation upon water culture, proposes detailed countermeasures of establishing the water culture featuring“harmoniousco-existence between mankind and water”by cross-domain consultation, so as to effectively settle contradictions triggered by water pollution amongdifferent administrative regions, and improve the efficiency ofwatercontrol.

Abstract: The Rayleigh fractionation model is first deduced by the principle of dynamic reaction, which indicates that Rayleigh fractionation can be explained by dynamic characteristics of isotopic molecules in the reaction process. Subsequently, the analytic expression of evaporation line is deduced under equilibrium condition in the open systems of Rayleigh mode, which shows that it is an exponential form. The simulation results show that the slope of the evaporation line under equilibrium condition changes with the temperature that the higher the temperature is, the smaller the slope is and thus the higher the degree of enrichment is. This research can provide reference basis for better understanding the dynamic characteristics of isotopic molecules in evaporation process.

Abstract: The impact factors of the water consumption changes from 1999 to 2002 and from 2002 to 2007 in China are studied with structural decomposition analysis(SDA) model.Firstly, we combine the classical IPAT model with consumer endogenous input-output local closed model, then decompose the impact factors of water consumption changes with the combined model.Secondly, we analyze the direct effect of final demand on water consumption changes. The main results are as follows: (1) At the structural level, the increase of the GDP per capita is the main factor of water consumption increase, the decrease of water use intensity is the main factor of water consumption decrease.(2)At the final demand level, the total final demand change is the main factor of water consumption change, whose effect exceeds water use intensity decrease and the change of technical level. Among the components of final demand, investment is the main factor of water consumption growth, which exceeds the effects of government consumption and net exports.

Abstract: Regarding the characteristics of water intaking living example, unusual water supply calculation is performed.The water resource analysis methods of the coastal tidal river network with sluice gates are discussed.one and two dimensional coupled mathematical model is used to calculate design low flow and water level line in a tidal cycle of the channel. The design low water level of the channel is determined by correlation analysis. The channel segment between the sluice gates is treated as a reservoir, the storage is controlled and calculated by water level of the sluice gate in each moment.Available water supply is got by water use taking off.

Abstract: Water resources managers shall fully consider about the complexity of managed system, especially the uncertainty, which requires adaptive management. This paper describes the connotation, principles, composition and conditions for implementation etc of adaptive management, which emphasizes concepts of uncertainty, surprises and resilence, and is a cycle process of formulating, implementing, monitoring, evaluating, feedback and adjusting policies. Water resources adaptive management requires guarantee of policies, laws, finance and information etc, and has a broad prospect of coping with climate changes and restoring river ecology etc.

Abstract: Isotopic fractionation is the basic study of isotope tracer method. The most common fractionation of water in the natural is diffusion controlled kinetic fractionation in the process of evaporation. This process is now commonly represented by Cappa equation. In Cappa’s concept model, the atmosphere was divided into two layers, the free atmosphere and the laminar layer above the surface of evaporating water. In this article, a modified three layer model was used to represent experiments of Cappa (2003). It was shown that there was a third layer between free atmosphere and the laminar layer, the mixing layer. The simulated results also indicate that: (1) in test one, in which dry air was used as the inlet air, all vapor in the free air was from evaporating. Cappa Model can represents the experiment as well as the three layer model; (2) in test two, in which 50% humidity of air was used as the inlet air, results calculated by Cappa Model showed apparent depleted deviation from measured data; (3) the best fit result of test two supports the exist of the third layer, the mixed layer. It was also indicates that the vapor of mixed layer is made up of partial vapor from free atmosphere and all vapor from laminar layer. The modified Cappa model can represent all tests. Key words: Evaporation process, Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes, the factor of fractionation, Cappa Model