Improvement of the Risk Management Process in Organizational Management Systems Using PDCA Cycles

Article Preview

Abstract:

The risk management process has been improved, which, unlike the known one, provides for procedure for making management decision on the expediency of accepting, reducing, rejecting and transferring unacceptable or acceptable risk using different PDCA cycles types: circular and/or spiral, diverging or converging. It is proposed to combine the procedure for improving the risk management process itself using circular and spiral PDCA cycles with the procedure for management decision making, which will ensure timely detection and prevention of possible subjective biases influence on the results and conclusions obtained. The scientific novelty lies in identifying relationship between management decision made based on risk level assessment (acceptable or unacceptable) and revision (update) of estimated risk levels and risk management procedure itself based on the application of circular and spiral PDCA cycles, which create conditions for improving the risk management process. Practical value lies in development of eight combinations hierarchy of management decisions, depending on risk level (acceptable/unacceptable) and four types of management decisions regarding acceptable and unacceptable risk levels: accept risk, reduce risk, transfer risk or refuse risk; and corresponding management decisions matrix has also been developed.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Pages:

313-326

Citation:

Online since:

January 2026

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] L. Bakos, D.D. Dumitrașcu, Decentralized Enterprise Risk Management Issues under Rapidly Changing Environments, Risks 9, (2021) 165.

DOI: 10.3390/risks9090165

Google Scholar

[2] P. Peças, J. Encarnação, M. Gambôa, M. Sampayo, D. Jorge, PDCA 4.0: A New Conceptual Approach for Continuous Improvement in the Industry 4.0 Paradigm, Appl. Sci. 11, (2021) 7671.

DOI: 10.3390/app11167671

Google Scholar

[3] ISO 45001:2018 «Occupational health and safety management systems — Requirements with guidance for use". Information on: https://www.iso.org/ru/standard/63787.html.

Google Scholar

[4] ILO International Labour Organization. The Face of a Pandemic: Ensuring Safety and Health at Work; ILO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2020; ISBN 978-92-2-032136-2. Information on: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---edprotect/---protrav/---safework/documents/publication/wcms_742463.pdf.

Google Scholar

[5] ISO/IEC. ISO/IEC (2018). International Organization for Standardization. Directives and Policies Ninth Edition. Obtenido de International Organization for Standardization. Official Rules to Develop an ISO STANDARD; ISO/IEC: Geneve, Switzerland, 2018. Information on: www.iso.org/directives-and-policies.html.

DOI: 10.4271/ieeeeia12207_0

Google Scholar

[6] ISO 45002:2023 "Occupational health and safety management systems — General guidelines for the implementation of ISO 45001:2018". Information on: https://www.iso.org/ru/ standard/76619.html.

DOI: 10.3403/30391451

Google Scholar

[7] M. Rusu, The Process of Self-Realization—From the Humanist Psychology Perspective, Psychol. 10, (2019) 1095-1115.

DOI: 10.4236/psych.2019.108071

Google Scholar

[8] J. Selvaseelan, Development and Introduction of the Risk-Sentience Auxiliary Framework (RSAF) as an Enabler to the ISO 31000 and ISO 31010 for High-Risk Environments, Adm. Sci. 8, (2018) 22.

DOI: 10.20944/preprints201710.0041.v2

Google Scholar

[9] J. Khalid, M. Chuanmin, F. Altaf, M. M. Shafqat, S. K. Khan, M. U. Ashraf, AI-Driven Risk Management and Sustainable Decision-Making: Role of Perceived Environmental Responsibility, Sustainability 16, (2024) 6799.

DOI: 10.3390/su16166799

Google Scholar

[10] P. Peças, J. Encarnação, M. Gambôa, M. Sampayo, D. Jorge, PDCA 4.0: A New Conceptual Approach for Continuous Improvement in the Industry 4.0 Paradigm, Appl. Sci. 11(16), (2021) 7671.

DOI: 10.3390/app11167671

Google Scholar

[11] S.A. Andrade de Freitas, E.D. Canedo, R.C. Santos Felisdório, H.A.T. Leão, Analysis of the Risk Management Process on the Development of the Public Sector Information Technology Master Plan, Inform. 9, (2018) 248.

DOI: 10.3390/info9100248

Google Scholar

[12] K. Jajuga, Data Analysis for Risk Management—Economics, Finance and Business: New Developments and Challenges, Risks, 11, (2023) 70.

DOI: 10.3390/risks11040070

Google Scholar

[13] A. Realyvásquez-Vargas, K.C. Arredondo-Soto, T. Carrillo-Gutiérrez, G. Ravelo, Applying the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) Cycle to Reduce the Defects in the Manufacturing Industry. A Case Study, Appl. Sci. 8(11), (2018) 2181.

DOI: 10.3390/app8112181

Google Scholar

[14] V. Golinko, S. Cheberyachko, O. Deryugin, O. Tretyak, O. Dusmatova, Assessment of the Risks of Occupational Diseases of the Passenger Bus Drivers, J. Health Saf. Work. 11(4), (2020) 543-549.

DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.07.005

Google Scholar

[15] J. Brodny, M. Tutak, Analysis of the diversity in emissions of selected gaseous and particulate pollutants in the European Union countries, J. Environ. Manage. 231, (2019) 582-595.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.045

Google Scholar

[16] V.F.M. Remy, G. Innocent, D. Vernez, I. Guseva Canu, Bus-exposure matrix, a tool to assess bus drivers' exposure to physicochemical hazards, Ann. Work Expo. Health. (2025) wxaf036

DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaf036

Google Scholar

[17] M. Irfan, Z. Chen, T.S. Adebayo, M.A.S. Al-Faryan, Socio-economic and technological drivers of sustainability and resources management: Demonstrating the role of information and communications technology and financial development using advanced wavelet coherence approach, Resour. Policy, 79, (2022) 103038.

DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.103038

Google Scholar

[18] F.A.F. Ferreira, J.J.M Ferreira, Methodologies for improving technology decision making for sustainable socio-economic development, Technol. Soc. 72, (2023) 102172.

DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102172

Google Scholar

[19] M. Mura, M. Longo, S. Zanni, L. Toschi, Exploring socio-economic externalities of development scenarios. An analysis of EU regions from 2008 to 2016, J. Environ. Manage. 15(332), (2023) 117327.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117327

Google Scholar

[20] L. Ispas, C. Mironeasa, A. Silvestri, Risk-Based Approach in the Implementation of Integrated Management Systems: A Systematic Literature Review, Sustainability 15, (2023) 10251.

DOI: 10.3390/su151310251

Google Scholar

[21] S.H. Björnsdóttir, P. Jensson, R.J. de Boer, S.E. Thorsteinsson, The Importance of Risk Management: What is Missing in ISO Standards? Risk Anal. 42(4), (2022) 659-691.

DOI: 10.1111/risa.13803

Google Scholar

[22] V. Tsopa, S. Cheberyachko, Y. Litvinova, M. Vesela, O. Deryugin., I. Bas, The dangerous factors identification features of occupational hazards in the transportation cargo process, Commun. Sci. Lett. Univ. Žilina. 25(3), (2023) F64-F77.

DOI: 10.26552/com.c.2023.058

Google Scholar

[23] H. Jie, I. Khan, M. Alharthi, M. Wasif Zafar, A. Saeed, Sustainable energy policy, socio-economic development, and ecological footprint: The economic significance of natural resources, population growth, and industrial development, Util. Policy 81, (2023) 101490.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2023.101490

Google Scholar

[24] Y. Liu, T. Teng, Z. Duan, M. Cui, W. Wang, Y. Ren, Z. Tian, Research on the Construction Method of Double Prevention Mechanism in Chinese Heating Enterprises Based on Bidirectional Dynamic Risk-Hidden Danger Transmission, Sustainability, 15, (2023) 2849.

DOI: 10.3390/su15032849

Google Scholar

[25] V. Nguyen, N. Nguyen, B. Schumacher, T. Tran, Practical Application of Plan–Do–Check–Act Cycle for Quality Improvement of Sustainable Packaging: A Case Study, Appl. Sci. 10, (2020) 6332.

DOI: 10.3390/app10186332

Google Scholar

[26] O.Cherniaiev, , Anisimov, O., Dreshpak, O., & Borodina, N. Substantiation the safety open pit wall parameters in the conditions of a reduced protective zone near State critical infrastructure. E3S Web of Conferences 526, 01014 (2024) SEP 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/ 202452601014.

DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202452601014

Google Scholar

[27] S. Coşkun, E. Akgül, Sustainability Management Model Based on Risk Analysis and Implementation of the Model. Sustainability 14, (2022) 4396.

DOI: 10.3390/su14084396

Google Scholar

[28] M.N. Rajić, R.M. Maksimović, P. Milosavljević, Emergency Planning and Disaster Recovery Management Model in Hospitality—Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle Approach, Sustainability 15, (2023) 6303.

DOI: 10.3390/su15076303

Google Scholar

[29] M. Brandenburg, T. Gruchmann, N. Oelze, Sustainable Supply Chain Management—A Conceptual Framework and Future Research Perspectives. Sustainability, 11(24), (2019) 7239.

DOI: 10.3390/su11247239

Google Scholar

[30] V. Chellappa, Y. Luximon, Computer-aided technologies for posture-based ergonomic risk assessment in construction: a systematic review. Int. J. Constr. Manag. (2025) 1-16.

DOI: 10.1080/15623599.2025.2520880

Google Scholar

[31] P. Kabiesz, M. Tutak,. Developing a Culture of Safety for Sustainable Development and Public Health in Manufacturing Companies—A Case Study, Sustainability 16(17), (2024) 7557.

DOI: 10.3390/su16177557

Google Scholar

[32] I. Glette-Iversen, R. Flage, T. Aven, Extending and improving current frameworks for risk management and decision-making: A new approach for incorporating dynamic aspects of risk and uncertainty. Saf. Sci. 168, (2023) 106317.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106317

Google Scholar

[33] V.A. Tsopa, S.I. Cheberiachko, O.O. Yavorska, O.V. Deryugin, A.A. Aleksieiev, The Relationship Between the Development of a Safety Culture and the Implementation of Safety Requirements in Organisations, Nauk. Visn. Nat. Hirn. Univ. 6, (2024) 101-108.

DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2024-6/101

Google Scholar

[34] D. Miloš Sprčić, A. Kožul, E. Pecina, State and Perspectives of Enterprise Risk Management System Development - The Case of Croatian Companies, Procedia Econ. Financ. 30, (2015) 768-779.

DOI: 10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01326-x

Google Scholar

[35] P. Saik, V. Tsopa, S. Cheberyachko, O. Deryugin, S. Sokurenko, I. Suima, V. Lozynskyi, Improving the Process of Managing Psychosocial Risks in Organizations. Risk Manag. Healthc. Policy. 17, (2024) 2997-3016.

DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s488263

Google Scholar

[36] [ X. Yang, T. Zhou, I. Bower Utne, W. Zhang, A framework for quantification of coupling risk in the transition between operational modes of MASS, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. (2025) 111436.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2025.111436

Google Scholar

[37] M. Moso, O.A. Olanrewaju, Review of Integrated Management Systems to Re-Engineer Existing Nonconformances Troubleshooting System. Safety, 10(3), (2024) 58.

DOI: 10.3390/safety10030058

Google Scholar

[38] L. Konieczny, P. Fabis, J. Matijošius, K. Duda, P. Deuszkiewicz, A. Kilikevičius, Analysis of the Impact of Vibrations on the Driver of a Motor Vehicle, Appl. Sci. 15(10), (2025) 5510.

DOI: 10.3390/app15105510

Google Scholar

[39] R. Lacurezeanu, A. Chis, V.P. Bresfelean, Integrated Management Solution for a Sustainable SME—Selection Proposal Using AHP, Sustainability 13(19), (2021) 10616.

DOI: 10.3390/su131910616

Google Scholar

[40] Z. Matsuk, A. Belikov, V. Protsiv, V. Severyn, V. Kharchenko, Adequacy of measures to threats as one of the fundamental ­principles of safety riskology. Nauk. Visn. Nat. Hirn. Univ. 5, (2024) 099-106.

DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2024-5/099

Google Scholar

[41] O. Bazaluk, V. Tsopa, S. Cheberiachko, O. Deryugin, O. Nesterova, S. Sokurenko, V. Lozynskyi, Development of the process of determining essential hazardous psychosocial factors of employee stress risk, Front. Public Health 12, (2024) 1414695.

DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1414695

Google Scholar

[42] I. Bautista-Bernal, C. Quintana-García, M. Marchante-Lara, Safety culture, safety performance and financial performance. A longitudinal study. Saf. Sci. 172, (2024) 106409.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106409

Google Scholar

[43] J. Brodny, M. Tutak, Assessing the level of innovativeness and digitalization of enterprises in the European Union States. J. Open Innov.: Technol. Mark. Complex. 10(1), (2024) 100210.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100210

Google Scholar

[44] M. Tutak, J. Brodny, M. Dobrowolska, Assessment of Work Conditions in a Production Enterprise—A Case Study, Sustainability 12(13), (2020) 5390.

DOI: 10.3390/su12135390

Google Scholar

[45] S.M. Delgado-Ortiz, N.A. Moreno-Monsalve, D.F. Cardona-Madariaga, A.E. Sanabria-Ospino, W.S. Fajardo-Moreno, Dynamic absorption capacities and their relationship with the maturity of quality management systems. DYNA (Colombia) 92(236), (2025) 88-96.

DOI: 10.15446/dyna.v92n236.117326

Google Scholar