Finite Element Analysis of CHS Column-to-Baseplate Connections with Various Stiffener Configurations for Column Protection

Abstract:

The connection between a circular hollow section (CHS) column and its baseplate plays a critical role in transferring loads from the superstructure to the foundation. However, this type of connection is often prone to stress concentration due to geometric incompatibilities between the circular column and the flat baseplate. To address this issue, stiffeners are commonly introduced to redistribute stresses and enhance the overall connection performance. Despite their widespread application, the effect of stiffener geometry on the protection of the main structural element, namely the column, has not been comprehensively studied. This study employs finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate three stiffener configurations with F1 (triangular), F2 (rectangular), and F3 (chamfered) inn CHS-to-baseplate connections. The models were subjected to combined axial, shear, and bending loads, and the stress responses were examined in the column, baseplate, and stiffeners. The results indicate that F1 produced the lowest stress in the column (82.0 MPa), demonstrating superior efficiency in redistributing forces to other connection components. In contrast, F2 and F3 exhibited higher column stresses (123.1 MPa and 130.2 MPa, respectively), suggesting a higher risk of localized yielding. The baseplate stresses across all configurations were relatively similar (134–138 MPa), while the stiffeners showed varied levels of engagement depending on their geometry. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of stiffener design in safeguarding the column as the main structural member. The triangular stiffener (F1) proved to be the most effective in reducing stress concentration on the column, thereby enhancing the reliability and safety of CHS column-to-baseplate connections. Recommendations for future work include experimental validation, consideration of cyclic or seismic loading, and parametric optimization of stiffener geometry.

• Periodical: Construction Technologies and Architecture (Volume 24)
• Pages: 55-61
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-V0huC9
• Online since: June 2026
• Authors: Dzul Fikri Muhammad*, Agil Fitri Handayani, Syahidah Fani Nastiti
• Keywords: Circular Hollow Section (CHS), Column-to-Baseplate Connection, Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

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