Paper Titles
Precipitation Hardening of the Additive-Manufactured 17-4 PH Stainless Steel for Medical Applications
p.1
Effects of Magnesium Ions in Hydroxyapatite Extracted from Bovine Bone for Biomedical Applications
p.7
Structure Property and Phase Transformation Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Titanium Composites
p.13
Carbon- and Platinum-Modified Co-Cr Alloys for Thin-Strut Stents
p.21
Development of Aloe Vera and Calendula Extract Loaded Hydrogel Microneedle for Wound Dressing
p.31
Impact of Feed Rate on Electrospun PLA/Cellulose/Chitosan Nanofiber Wound Dressing Characteristics
p.39
Potential of Vanillin-Enhanced Adhesive to Reduce Cariogenic Biofilm
p.51
Surface Characterization of Titanium Dental Implant after Long-Term Implantation
p.57
The Application of Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Implants in Knee Surgery
p.65

Structure Property and Phase Transformation Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Titanium Composites

Article Preview

Abstract:

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) derived from bovine bone waste is extensively explored for biomedical applications due to its close chemical resemblance to natural bone. However, its intrinsic brittleness and thermal instability remain critical limitations. In this study, HAp–titanium (5–20 wt.%) composites were synthesized using the self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) method within the range of 750–950°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the in-situ formation of CaTiO₃ at 850°C, which significantly improved densification and microstructural consolidation. At higher temperature (950°C), partial decomposition of HAp to tricalcium phosphate (TCP) was observed, consistent with phase evolution trends reported in the literature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed distinct grain morphology transitions across the processing window, supporting the identified phase transformations. The results demonstrate a clear correlation between phase evolution and microstructural development: CaTiO₃ formation enhances densification, while TCP contributes to favorable bioresorbability. These findings highlight the tunability of SHS-derived HAp–Ti composites and their promising potential as bone substitute materials with adjustable bioactivity.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Vol. 72 View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (Volume 72)

Pages:

13-20

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-3q9oCN

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

May 2026

Authors:

Agus Pramono*, Deni S. Khaerudini, Fatah Sulaiman, Bahiga Warfian, Alfirano Alfirano, Suryana Suryana, Endarto Yudho Wardhono, Klodian Dhoska

Keywords:

Hydroxyapatite, Phase Transformation and Biomaterials, Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis (SHS), Titanium, Tricalcium Phosphate

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] A. Pramono, F. Sulaiman, A. Milandia, B. Warfian, A. Suryana, A. Juniarsih, D.S. Khaerudini, Formation of Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) in Hydroxyapatite-Based Composites, AIP Conf. Proc. 2891 (2024) 020002.

DOI: 10.1063/5.0208224

Google Scholar

[2] A. Pramono, G.E. Timuda, G.P.A. Rifai, D.S. Khaerudini, Synthesis of Spinel–Hydroxyapatite Composite Utilizing Bovine Bone and Beverage Can, Crystals 12 (2022) 96.

DOI: 10.3390/cryst12010096

Google Scholar

[3] A. Pramono, F. Sulaiman, A. Alfirano, S. Suryana, A. Milandia, Characteristics of Hybrid Composites Made from Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/Metal Powder and Ceramic, VANOS J. 5 (2020) 109–116.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.988.182

Google Scholar

[4] A. Pramono, K. Dhoska, R. Moezzi, A. Milandia, Ti/SiC Based Metal Matrix Composites by Using Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis (SHS), Rev. Compos. Mater. Avancés 31 (2021) 125–129.

DOI: 10.18280/rcma.310302

Google Scholar

[5] S. Ramesh, Z.Z. Loo, Characterization of Biogenic Hydroxyapatite Derived from Animal Bones for Biomedical Applications, Ceram. Int. 44 (2018) 9306–9313.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.03.072

Google Scholar

[6] A. Pramono, K. Dhoska, I. Markja, L. Kommel, Impact Pressure on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum-Based Composite by ECAP-Parallel Channel, Pollack Periodica 14 (2019) 67–74.

DOI: 10.1556/606.2019.14.1.7

Google Scholar

[7] A. Arifin, A. Bakar, N. Muhamad, S. Junaidi, Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/Ti6Al4V Composite Powder under Various Sintering Temperatures, J. Teknol. 75 (2015) 27–31.

DOI: 10.11113/jt.v75.5168

Google Scholar

[8] S. Ozturk, M. Yetmez, Studies on Characterization of Bovine Hydroxyapatite/CaTiO₃ Biocomposites, Mater. Sci. Eng. (2016) 1–7.

DOI: 10.1155/2016/6987218

Google Scholar

[9] M. Aminzare, A. Eskandari, M.H. Baroonian, Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Sintering and Mechanical Properties, Ceram. Int. 39 (2013) 2197–2206.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.09.023

Google Scholar

[10] S. Nath, R. Tripathi, B. Basu, Understanding Phase Stability, Microstructure Development and Biocompatibility in Calcium Phosphate–Titania Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 29 (2009) 97–107.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.05.019

Google Scholar

[11] R. Chiengsorn, P. Jitsangiam, S. Suthirakun, Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite Composites Reinforced with CaTiO₃ via Two-Step Sintering, Sci. Sinter. 56 (2024) 275–285.

Google Scholar

[12] A. Pramono, F. Sulaiman, A. Milandia, B. Fahrezi, R.D. Prasetyo, K. Dhoska, Effect of Aluminum Content and Compaction Pressure on Bovine Bone-Derived Hydroxyapatite Composite, in: Int. Conf. on Intelligence-Based Transformations of Technology and Business Trends, Springer, Switzerland, 2025, p.60–71.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-07370-9_6

Google Scholar

[13] R. Chiengsorn, P. Jitsangiam, S. Suthirakun, Microstructure Refinement and Mechanical Strengthening in 20 wt% CaTiO₃–HAp Ceramic Composites, Sci. Sinter. 56 (2024) 519–533.

Google Scholar

[14] B.M. Brochu, S.R. Sturm, J.A.K.D.Q. Goncalves, N.A. Mirsky, A.I. Sandino, K.Z. Panthaki, V.V. Nayak, S. Daunert, L. Witek, Advances in Bioceramics for Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review, Biomimetics 9 (2024) 690.

DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9110690

Google Scholar

[15] A.P. Nugraha, H. Yang, J. Chen, K. Yang, P. Kraisintu, K. Zaww, A. Ma, R. Wang, N.E.A.M. Alhadi, J.R. Vanegas Sáenz, β-Tricalcium Phosphate as Alveolar Bone Grafting in Cleft Lip/Palate, Dent. J. 11 (2023) 234.

DOI: 10.20944/preprints202307.1415.v1

Google Scholar

[16] K. Vepulanont, S. Sri-o-Sot, T. Pitakpornpreecha, A. Aroonkesorn, A. Charoenpanich, T. Srichumpong, T. Chanadee, CaTiO₃–Hydroxyapatite Bioceramic Composite: Synthesis and In-Vitro Biological Properties, J. Aust. Ceram. Soc. 60 (2024) 65–87.

DOI: 10.1007/s41779-023-00987-4

Google Scholar

[17] J. Suchanek, M. Yoshimura, Processing and Properties of Hydroxyapatite-Based Biomaterials, J. Mater. Res. 13 (1998) 94–117.

Google Scholar

[18] K. Vepulanont et al., CaTiO₃–Hydroxyapatite Bioceramic Composite: Synthesis and In-Vitro Biological Properties, J. Aust. Ceram. Soc. 60 (2024) 65–87.

Google Scholar

[19] E. Landi, A. Tampieri, G. Celotti, S. Sprio, M. Sandri, G. Logroscino, Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 23 (2003) 2931–2937.

Google Scholar

[20] Y. Liu, H. Cooper, K. Kawaguchi, H. Ohgushi, In Vitro Bioactivity of Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 82A (2007) 465–472.

Google Scholar