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Effects of Magnesium Ions in Hydroxyapatite Extracted from Bovine Bone for Biomedical Applications

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Abstract:

The healing of bone defects is still challenging as therapies like autografts and allografts have limited benefits, especially in load-bearing positions. Bovine Hydroxyapatite (BHA) is a natural biological substance that can be used as a filler to replace damaged bones and overcome the low fracture toughness and brittleness of synthetic Hydroxyapatite (HA). This study presents the precipitation method of Magnesium (Mg)-doped Bovine Hydroxyapatite (Mg-BHA). FTIR analysis ensured the existence of phosphate (PO4 3), hydroxyl (OH) and carbonate (CO -2) groups of HA. After sintering, XRD analysis showed excellent stability in the BHA structure, represented by a slight change in Mg position. Vickers hardness showed a massive increment from ~4.6 GPa to ~7 GPa as the impurity rate increased. SEM analysis showed a denser microstructure with less porosity as the amount of Mg concentration increased. This research ensured that MgBHA could be potentially applied for medical applications due to the improvement in physical and mechanical properties of HA.

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Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Vol. 72 View Preview

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Periodical:

Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (Volume 72)

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7-12

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-C7Wp6K

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Online since:

May 2026

Authors:

Sharifah Adzila*, Nashrah Hani Jamadon, Nanthini Kanasan

Keywords:

Bovine Bone, Hardness, Hydroxyapatite, Magnesium, Precipitation Method

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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