Flexural Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Self-Compacting Concrete with Rice Husk Ash

Abstract:

Advancements in concrete technology have significantly enhanced the quality and properties of concrete specifically in self-compacting concrete (SCC). The incorporation of rice husk ash (RHA), a bio-organic waste, which have a pozzolanic characteristic should improves the concrete properties, such as durability, workability and strength of the concrete. But the extend of its potential to the hardened structural element could be further investigated. The objective of this research is to examine the flexural behavior of an optimal SCC mix using RHA as a partial cement replacement alongside admixtures. Three reinforced concrete beams (100 mm x 200 mm x 1500 mm) were prepared for flexural testing: two with the optimal SCC mix and one with normal concrete (NC) as a control. The results indicated that the mix with 5% RHA and 1% Sika Viscocrete, enhancing the performance of hardened concrete in compressive strength but decreasing in flexural properties. However, the reduction in weakness still surpasses the sample that does not contain any RHA. These findings provide valuable insights for the industry, promoting the reuse of this bio-waste as a raw material and potentially reducing the cost of conventional cement usage.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1007)
• Pages: 103-108
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-O5M6x2
• Online since: March 2025
• Authors: Mohd Hisbany Mohd Hashim, Mohd Fakri Muda*, Mohd Hairil Mohd, Najwa Mohammad Fadzil, Muhammad Daniel Abdul Shahid, Hazrina Ahmad, Niken Pujirahayu
• Keywords: Bio-Waste, Cement Replacement Material, Flexural Analysis, Rice Hush Ash, Self-Compacted Concrete

References

[1] T.A. Tawfik, M. Slaný, and M. T. Palou: Influence of heavyweight aggregate on the fresh, mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of self-compacting concrete under elevated temperatures, J. Build. Eng., vol. 80, (2023).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108104

[2] P. Pournoori, A. Davarpanah T.Q, A. Rajaee, M. Ghodratnama, S. Abrishami, and A. R. Masoodi: Experimental exploration of fracture behavior (pure mode III) in eco-friendly steel fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete with waste tempered glass as coarse aggregates. Sci. Rep., vol. 14, no. 1, (2024).

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58912-z

[3] R.B. Singh: Self-compacting concrete containing ground granulated blast furnace slag: A review. Indian Concrete Journal, vol. 94, no. 12, p.44–52, (2020).

DOI: 10.21275/v4i12.nov152002

[4] M.I. Al Biajawi, R. Embong, and A. Shubbar: Engineering properties of self-compacting concrete incorporating coal bottom ash (CBA) as sustainable materials for green concrete: a review. J. Build. Pathol. Rehabil., vol. 8, no. 2, (2023).

DOI: 10.1007/s41024-023-00352-9

[5] S. Vijaya Kumar, B. L. P. Swami, and B. Dean Kumar: Experimental Study on the Presence of Mineral Admixtures and Steel Fiber on the Elastic Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, (2020), vol. 983, no. 1.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/983/1/012011

[6] B. S. Institution. and E. C. for Standardization., Aggregates for concrete. [London]: British Standards Institution, (2021).

[7] K.C. N.-666. 89. Beer, Bewehren nach DIN EN 1992-1-1 (EC2): Tabellen und Beispiele für Bauzeichner und Konstrukteure, 3., vollst. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, (2012).

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-8348-8656-9

[8] P. A. L. Fernandes, J. Veludo, N. Almeida, J. Baptista, and H. Rodrigues: Study of a self-compacting fiber-reinforced concrete to be applied in the precast industry, Innov. Infrastruct. Solut., vol. 3, no. 1, (2018).

DOI: 10.1007/s41062-018-0136-5

[9] A. Rakam and S. S. Sahu: Enhancing Flexural Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Beams Using Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites, J. Build. Pathol. Rehabil., vol. 9, no. 2, (2024).

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4317606/v1

[10] S. Kumar, D. R. Kumar, W. Wipulanusat, and S. Keawsawasvong: Development of ANN-based metaheuristic models for the study of the durability characteristics of high-volume fly ash self-compacting concrete with silica fume, J. Build. Eng., vol. 94, (2024).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2024.109844

[11] K. A. Mujedu, M. A. Ab-Kadir, and M. Ismail: Effect of high temperatures on physical and compressive strength properties of self-compacting concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash, in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, (2020), vol. 849, no. 1.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/849/1/012040

[12] S. Christopher Gnanaraj, G. Ramesh Babu Chokkalingam, and G. L. Thankam: Influence of ultra-fine steatite powder on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete, in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, (2020), vol. 988, no. 1.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/988/1/012040

[13] I. Y. Hakeem, M. Amin, A. M. Zeyad, B. A. Tayeh, I. S. Agwa, and K. Abu el-hassan: Properties and durability of self-compacting concrete incorporated with nanosilica, fly ash, and limestone powder," Struct. Concr., vol. 24, no. 5, p.6738–6760, (2023).

DOI: 10.1002/suco.202300121

[14] M. Hassan, M. Shendy, and M. T. Nooman: Flexure Behaviour of Using Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars on Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Beams, Egypt. J. Chem., vol. 66, no. 13, p.291–305, (2023).

DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.170426.7116

[15] X. Ding, C. Li, H. Li, Y. Liu, J. Shi, and Y. Zhang: Prediction of the complete flexural load–deflection curve of self-compacting concrete reinforced with hook-end steel fiber, Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 409, (2023).

DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4535968

[16] M. Hossain, K. Shaad, M. Rahman, and P. Bhowmik: Influence of Rice Husk Ash on the Properties of Concrete, J. Environ. Sci. Nat. Resour., vol. 9, no. 1, p.29–33, (2016).

DOI: 10.3329/jesnr.v9i1.30287

[17] K. Ganesan, K. Rajagopal, and K. Thangavel: Rice Husk ash Blended Cement: Assessment of Optimal Level of Replacement for Strength and Permeability Properties of Concrete, Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 22, p.1675–1683, Aug. (2008).

DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.06.011