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Implementing Inkjet Printing to Manufacture Piezopolymer Films for Sensing Applications

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Abstract:

The study explores the integration of additive manufacturing for the development of 4D-printed piezopolymer metamaterials, aiming to create dynamic, multifunctional structures capable of distributed sensing and energy harvesting. The focus is on Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a partially fluorinated polymer renowned for its strong electromechanical coupling, specifically within its polar β-phase. To harness these properties, three distinct experimental strategies were evaluated for integrating PVDF with conductive electrodes necessary for electrical poling: direct 3D printing with manually applied silver paste, printing directly onto pre-integrated aluminium foil substrates, and a novel chemical solvent-based deposition using a DMF/acetone mixture. While high-precision inkjet printing was initially tested for electrode deposition, it demonstrated significant limitations in scalability, throughput, and durability, particularly suffering from structural degradation during the post-poling silicon oil removal process. Consequently, the study advocates for a robust, hybrid multi-material extrusion platform. This approach will enable the simultaneous, monolithic deposition of structural PVDF thermoplastics and highly conductive thixotropic inks.

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Info:

Periodical:

Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1047)

Pages:

115-125

Online since:

April 2026

Authors:

Vasileios Stratiotou-Efstratiadis, Apostolos Argyros, Georgios Sarmas, Giannis Oikonomou, Dimitrios Dimitriou, Nikolaos Chrysochoidis, Dimitris Saravanos, Georgios Maliaris, Vasileios Mpinas, Nikolaos Michailidis*

Keywords:

Contact Poling, Corona Poling, Multi-Material 3D-Printing, Piezoelectric, PVDF

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Permissions:

Creative Commons CC BY 4.0

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* - Corresponding Author

References

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