Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 342-343
Vols. 342-343
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 340-341
Vols. 340-341
Key Engineering Materials
Vol. 339
Vol. 339
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 336-338
Vols. 336-338
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 334-335
Vols. 334-335
Key Engineering Materials
Vol. 333
Vol. 333
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 330-332
Vols. 330-332
Key Engineering Materials
Vol. 329
Vol. 329
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 326-328
Vols. 326-328
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 324-325
Vols. 324-325
Key Engineering Materials
Vols. 321-323
Vols. 321-323
Key Engineering Materials
Vol. 320
Vol. 320
Key Engineering Materials
Vol. 319
Vol. 319
Key Engineering Materials Vols. 330-332
Paper Title Page
Abstract: Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was introduced during in situ synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA)
in neutral collagen (COL) solution and final PVA-COL-HA nanohybrids were achieved via
sequential steps including gelation by fibrillogenesis, freezing-thawing physical crosslinking,
removal of unreacted residues and dehydration. This method is expected to endow the pure PVA
with good bioactivity and meanwhile the presence of elastic PVA would improve the properties of
COL-HA composites. The phase, microstructure and possible molecular interactions of the
achieved PVA-COL-HA nanohybrids were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform
infra-red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the inorganic
phase is poorly crystallized apatite with a nanometer size due to the confinement of organic
macromolecules which forms a network structure.
329
Abstract: This research was aimed at the construction and characterization of nano-FHA
bioceramic coating on titanium surface. Nano-FHA coating was constructed on the surface of
commercially pure titanium by sol-gel route. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electromicroscope
(SEM) and dissolution test was employed to characterize the obtained coating. In vitro cellular
responses of osteoblasts to the coating were also evaluated by MTT assay, ALP assay and SEM
observation. Conventional HA coatings and commercially pure titanium (cpTi) were taken as
control. Results show the nano-FHA bioceramic coating has good crystallization and homogeneous,
nano-scale surface morphology. The dissolution rate of the coating is favorable. The in vitro
osteoblasts culture exhibits satisfactory bioactivity.
333
Abstract: Zirconia ceramics were introduced in the seventhies for use as structural biomaterials after
laboratory tests and simulator studies. However, nowadays concerns remain about their reliability in
vivo, despite published clinical studies have already established the safety and the good tribological
performance of these materials. It is still unclear what level of reliability can be achieved in ceramic
biomaterials and how much their toughness level can be enhanced by microstructural design. The
polycrystalline nature of ceramic materials may make both the observed properties and performance
very scattered. In particular, the grain size and other microstructural features likely play a fundamental
role in the mechanical behavior of the material. In this paper, we propose a set of fracture mechanics
assessments, aimed to establish the quantitative amount of toughness achievable in a zirconia/alumina
nanocomposite stabilized with cerium oxide (Ce-TZP/Al2O3 nanocomposite), and in situ confocal
Raman spectroscopy to visualize toughening mechanisms, including polymorph transformation and
residual stress fields stored around the crack path.
337
Abstract: A composite of needle-like nano-Hydroxyapatite / silk fibroin (n-HA/SF) with strong
interfacial bonding was successfully prepared from calcium chloride (CaCl2) and diammonium
phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) as starting materials of HA in the presence of SF powders dissolved in a
ternary solvent system of CaCl2-C2H5OH-H2O (1:2:8 in molar ration) at 80 °C for 30 min prior to
preparation of n-HA/SF composite. The n-HA crystals in the composite were poorly crystallized and
uniformly distributed in the composite with a crystal size of 4~6 nm in diameter and 20~40 nm in
length, which was smaller than that of pure nano-HA. Molecular interaction and strong chemical
bonds were formed between n-HA and SF in the composite, which were revealed by Fourier
transform infrared spectrometric analysis (FTIR). The synthetic n-HA/SF composite had a good
homogeneity and preferential orientation along c-axis and would have a great potential for bone
tissue engineering.
341
Abstract: In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HA) /silk fibroin (SF) nanocomposite containing 40
wt % of SF, was synthesized in an aqueous solution of CaCl2/(NH4)2HPO4 system containing SF to
mimic bone structure of nano HA crystallites in organic matrix. The experimental results show that
SF promotes the preferential growth of nano HA crystallites along the plane (002) which indicates the
interaction between nano HA crystallites and SF. The nanocomposite with nano HA crystallites
dispersed homogeneously in SF matrix possesses a compression strength of 97.6 MPa higher than
that of woven bone. The methodology has a great potential for designing and engineering of
biomaterials with improved biological properties. The novel nanocomposite may be used as bone
substitutes and tissue engineering scaffolds.
345
Abstract: Hydroxyapatite/collagen composites were prepared in-situ synthesis. The composites
were finally achieved by dehydration including air-drying and freeze-drying methods. FTIR, XPS
and DSC were employed to investigate the composites dehydrated by two methods. The air-dried
composites had better mechanical properties than those of the composites dried by freeze drying.
Air-drying of the composite induced more bond formation and crosslink between collagen fibers
and HA crystals compared with freeze-drying of the composite, as indicated by the shifting of
amide A and I bands to the lower wavenumber and by the changes in the binding energy of O1s,
Ca2p, and P2p, leading to the increase of the peak temperature of the composites. Collagen
crosslink and bond formation in the air-dried composites were key factors to increase the bending
strength of the composites. The results of this study confirm that in situ synthesis and air-dry
method are effective ways to obtain nanoHA/COL composites with high mechanical properties.
349
Abstract: The effect of sandblasting and heat treatment on biaxial flexure strengths of the
zirconia/alumina nanocomposite stabilized with cerium oxide (Ce-TZP/Al2O3 nanocomposite) was
evaluated in comparison to that of yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP). The
disc-shaped specimens of the nanocomposite and Y-TZP were sandblasted with 70)m alumina
powder. After sandblasting, half of the specimens were heated at 1000°C for 5 min. The biaxial
flexure strengths of Y-TZP were independent on the sandblasting, but decreased with the heat
treatment. On the other hand, the biaxial flexure strength of the nanocomposite increased with the
sandblasting and significantly decreased with the heat treatment. The content of monoclinic ZrO2 of
Y-TZP and the nanocomposite increased with the sandblasting pressure and dramatically decreased
with the heat treatment. These results suggest that the stress-induced transformation from tetragonal
to monoclinic of the nanocomposite occurs more easily than Y-TZP.
353
Abstract: Magnetic hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposites were prepared via in situ hybridization
strategy in the ambient condition. Magnetic hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposites were
investigated by XRD, SQUID and TEM. XRD results indicated that the inorganic phases dispersed in
chitosan matrix were composed of magnetite and hydroxyapatite. The magnetic
hydroxyapatite/chitosan shown the behavior of superparamagnetism determined by SQUID, which
indicated the size of magnetite crystal were less than 30nm. The inorganic nanoparticles with size of
30-50nm were dispersed chitosan matrix homogeneously. In situ hybridization strategy provided a
simple and efficient route to synthesize the magnetic chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites in the
mild condition. The most important of in situ hybridization is that the processes of precipitation of
chitosan, synthesis of magnetite and hydroxyapatite, and compositing between three components
were completed in single step.
357
Abstract: Thick coatings of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-calcium phosphate nano-composite
were prepared by a biomimetic process, in which substrates were immersed in modified simulated
body fluid containing rh-BMP2 at room temperature and pressure. In vitro analyses showed that the
calcium phosphate and BMP formed stable and uniform coating of composite on surface of substrate,
and that the composite derive significant improvement in tissue formation, suggesting an
osteoinductive bioactive surface.
361
Abstract: Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide66 (n-HA/PA66) composite scaffolds are prepared using
phase separation and phase separation in combination with particle leaching, and both the
composite powder and paste are used as starting materials. The composite is characterized by IR
and XRD. The micro-architecture of the scaffolds is observed by SEM, and the mechanisms that the
formation of the porous structure follows have been investigated preliminarily. The results show
that scaffold prepared by phase separation in combination with particle leaching method using
composite powder as starting material possesses controllable porosity and interconnectivity, as well
as good mechanical strength comparable to human cancellous bone, suitable for being the
tissue-engineered scaffold for load-bearing bone repair. Furthermore, scaffold made by phase
separation using composite paste as starting material exhibits an anisotropy both in morphology and
mechanical properties, which indicates the potential of guiding cell seeding, distribution and new
tissue formation in preferential direction.
365