Bonding Characteristics of Grey Cast Iron and Microalloyed Steel Using Furnace Brazing

Abstract:

The present research work focuses on the study of the microstructure evolution, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of GG25 grey cast iron and AISI 4140 microalloyed steel dissimilar brazing joints, using a eutectic type Ag-based filler metal. The welding zone microstructure study was carried out through optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in conjunction with an energy-dispersive X-ray detector (EDS). Joints’ mechanical properties were investigated through tensile tests, as well as detecting the Vickers microhardness across the microstructure’s zones. For the assessment of the joints’ corrosion resistance, potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, at various temperatures. The corrosion products evaluation was carried out by both X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to the results, sound brazing joint was attained, presenting an average tensile strength and ductility of about 230 MPa and 20 %, respectively.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1087)
• Pages: 115-126
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-wxko9z
• Online since: May 2023
• Authors: Marios Kyprianidis, Dimitra Ioannidou, Angelos Kaldellis, Vassilis Stergiou, Petros Tsakiridis*
• Keywords: Brazing, Cast Iron, Corrosion, Microalloyed Steel, Microstructure

References

[1] J.A.G. de Sousa, W.F. Sales, A.R. Machado, A review on the machining of cast irons, J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 94 (2018) 4073-4092.

DOI: 10.1007/s00170-017-1140-1

[2] H. Zhang, D. Liu, L. Zhao, J. Wang, S. Xie, S. Liu, P. Lin, X. Zhang, C. Chen, Review on corrosion and corrosion scale formation upon unlined cast iron pipes in drinking water distribution systems, J. Environ. Sci. 117 (2022) 173-189.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.04.024

[3] L. Collini, G. Nicoletto, R. Konecna, Microstructure and mechanical properties of pearlitic gray cast iron, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 488 (2008) 529-539.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.070

[4] J.R. Davis, ASM Specialty Handbook: Cast Irons, ASM International, (1996)

[5] A. Sadeghi, A. Moloodi, M. Golestanipour, M.M. Shahri, An investigation of abrasive wear and corrosion behavior of surface repair of gray cast iron by SMAW, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 6 (2017) 90-95.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2016.09.003

[6] G.B. Dutra, U. Tetzlaff, T.V. Cunha, C.E. dos Santos, G. Lemos, Microstructural Characterization of an ERNiCrMo-3 and Grey Cast Iron Interface Obtained via TIG Welding, Metall. Mater. Trans. B. 53 (2022) 2534-2546.

DOI: 10.1007/s11663-022-02549-8

[7] J.D. Hamilton, S. Sorondo, A. Greeley, X. Zhang, D. Cormier, B. Li, H. Qin, I.V. Rivero, Property-structure-process relationships in dissimilar material repair with directed energy deposition: Repairing gray cast iron using stainless steel 316L, J. Manuf. Process. 81 (2022) 27-34.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.06.015

[8] M. Pouranvari, On the weldability of grey cast iron using nickel based filler metal, Mater. Des. 31 (2010) 3253-3258.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2010.02.034

[9] L. Zhang, Filler metals, brazing processing and reliability for diamond tools brazing: A review, J. Manuf. Process. 66 (2021) 651-668.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.04.015

[10] Y. Li, C. Chen, R. Yi, Y. Ouyang, Review: Special brazing and soldering, J. Manuf. Process. 60 (2020) 608-635.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.10.049

[11] P.T. Vianco, A Review of interface microstructures in electronic packaging applications: Brazing and welding technologies, J.O.M. 74 (2022) 3557-3577.

DOI: 10.1007/s11837-022-05308-x

[12] J. Chen, X. Wang, X. Li, N. Li, Q. Yang, Effects of brazing temperature and holding time on wettability of brazing diamond and brazing interface analysis, Weld. World. 64 (2020) 1763-1770.

DOI: 10.1007/s40194-020-00954-8

[13] P.M. Roberts, An introduction to vacuum furnace brazing technology - Part 2: Further technical considerations and brazing hardware, Weld. Cut. 18 (2019) 30-34.

[14] K. Waetzig, J. Schilm, S. Mosch, W. Tillmann, A. Eilers, L. Wojarski, Influence of the brazing paste composition on the wetting Behavior of reactive air brazed metal - ceramic joints, Adv. Eng. Mater. 23 (2021) 2000711.

DOI: 10.1002/adem.202000711

[15] M.M. Schwartz, Brazing, ASM International, 2003.

[16] A.F. Looty, F.A. Hashim, S.K. Hussein, Effect of sliver filler metal alloy on bonding structure for brazing Ni270 to Ductile cast iron, OP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 881 (2020) 012060.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/881/1/012060

[17] S. Katayama, Laser Welding, Joining, or brazing of Dissimilar Materials, in Topics in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, 2020.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7933-2_9

[18] ASTM E8M, Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2016.

[19] ASTM E384, Standard test method for Knoop and Vickers hardness of materials, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2011.

[20] ASTM G5, Standard reference test method for making potentiostatic and potentiodynamic anodic polarization measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, 2004.

[21] G. Krauss, Steel: Heat Treatment and Processing Principles, ASM International, 1990.