Cellulosic Textile Materials Functionalization with Formic Acid and Improvement of their Properties

Abstract:

Formic acid, commonly used in bioprocesses of cellulosic polymeric materials, has been considered for the treatment of cellulose-based textile. Therefore, different concentrations of formic acid (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g L^-1) were used to treat cotton (CO) and viscose (CV) fabrics to improve their properties. Weight variation, tensile strength, stiffness, drape coefficient, crease recovery angle, and vertical wicking of the treated substrates were assessed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) analysis confirmed the acid hydrolysis process of the cellulosic substrates treated with formic acid solutions. Formic acid solutions with concentrations equal to 30 g L^-1 and 40 g L^-1 are the most adequate to treat the CV and CO fabrics, respectively. In addition, the fabrics treated under optimal conditions were dyed with the reactive dye Levafix Blue CA. The dyeing properties were assessed through colour absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient (K/S) values. A clear improvement in the fastness and dyeing performance of the treated substrates was observed. Finally, the antibacterial properties of the treated substrates were evaluated, for the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. It was found that only cotton substrates treated with a 40 g L^-1 formic acid solution could be classified as weak decontaminants against S. aureus bacteria.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1092)
• Pages: 75-91
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-23x4zl
• Online since: June 2023
• Authors: Joana Faria*, Jorge Padrão, Andrea Zille, Teresa Miranda
• Keywords: Antibacterial Assessment, Cellulosic Fabrics, Colour Fastness, Formic Acid Treatment, FTIR-ATR, K/S, Physical Properties

References

[1] Bechtold, T., and Pham, T., Textile Chemistry, De Gruyter, Berlin, 2019.

[2] Mendes, I. S. F., Prates, A., and Evtuguin, D. v., Production of rayon fibres from cellulosic pulps: State of the art and current developments, Carbohydr Polym 273 (2021).

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118466

[3] Tuteja, S., and Birla, J. D., Effect of Formic Acid Pretreatment on the Dyeing of Bamboo Fabric, Article in Journal of the Textile Association (2022).

[4] Samanta, A. K., Effects of Acid/Alkali and Cellulase Enriched Mixed Enzyme Treatments on Properties of Jute-Cotton Union Furnishing Fabric, Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology 1 (2017).

DOI: 10.15406/jteft.2017.01.00011

[5] Moses, J., and Gnana Priya, K., Comparative Study between Modal and Cotton after Formic Acid Treatment, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science 6 (2017).

[6] Moses, J., and Gnana Priya, K., A Study on Modal Fabric using Formic Acid Treatment for K/S, SEM and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Oriental Journal of Chemistry 32 (2016) 1099–1110.

DOI: 10.13005/ojc/320235

[7] Gnana Priya, K., and Jeyakodi Moses, J., Assessment of anti-bacterial effect, antiodoureffect, uv- protection factor and xrd on formic acid treated modal and cotton fabric., CIKITUSI JOURNAL FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 6 (2019) 467–479.

DOI: 10.9734/bpi/cacs/v6/5306f

[8] Capellino, S., and Cassani, N., Producción de Ácido Fórmico, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional , (2021).

[9] Lima, M., Ferreira Da Silva, L., Vasconcelos, R., and Cunha, J., FRICTORQ, DESIGN FOR THE OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF FRICTION IN 2D SOFT SURFACES.

[10] Lima, M., Silva, L. F., Vasconcelos, R., Martins, J., and Hes, L., FRICTORQ, TRIBÓMETRO PARA AVALIAÇÃO OBJECTIVA DE SUPERFÍCIES TÊXTEIS (2006).

[11] Lima, M., Vasconcelos, R., Abreu, M., and Cabeço Silva, M., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FRICTION COEFFICIENT IN NONWOVENS USING FRICTORQ, FABRIC FRICTION TESTER.

[12] Ahmed, N., Oulton, D. P., and Taylor, J. A., The use of reflectance measurements in the determination of fixation of reactive dyes to cotton, Color Res Appl 31 (2006) 117–121.

DOI: 10.1002/col.20189

[13] Padrão, J., Nicolau, T., Felgueiras, H. P., Calçada, C., Veiga, M. I., Osório, N. S., et al., Development of an Ultraviolet-C Irradiation Room in a Public Portuguese Hospital for Safe Re-Utilization of Personal Protective Respirators, Int J Environ Res Public Health 19 (2022) 4854.

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084854

[14] Lelekakis, N., Wijaya, J., Martin, D., and Susa, D., The effect of acid accumulation in power-transformer oil on the aging rate of paper insulation, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine 30 (2014) 19–26.

DOI: 10.1109/mei.2014.6804738

[15] Wang, J., and Liu, J., Surface modification of textiles by aqueous solutions, in Surface Modification of Textiles, (Elsevier, 2009), 269–295.

DOI: 10.1533/9781845696689.269

[16] Palme, A., Theliander, H., and Brelid, H., Acid hydrolysis of cellulosic fibres: Comparison of bleached kraft pulp, dissolving pulps and cotton textile cellulose, Carbohydr Polym 136 (2016) 1281–1287.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.015

[17] Girisuta, B., Janssen, L. P. B. M., and Heeres, H. J., Kinetic Study on the Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Cellulose to Levulinic Acid, Ind Eng Chem Res 46 (2007) 1696–1708.

DOI: 10.1021/ie061186z

[18] Fan, L., Gharpuray, M. M., and Lee, Y.-H., Acid Hydrolysis of Cellulose, in 1987), p.121–148.

[19] Merkel, R. S., Analytical methods for a textile laboratory, in Methods for Analyzing Damage in Textile Materials, ed. Weaver, J. W., 3rd ed., American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, 1984.

DOI: 10.1177/004051755102100318

[20] Sun, Y., Lin, L., Pang, C., Deng, H., Peng, H., Li, J., et al., Hydrolysis of Cotton Fiber Cellulose in Formic Acid, Energy & Fuels 21 (2007) 2386–2389.

DOI: 10.1021/ef070134z

[21] Xiong, R., Zhang, X., Tian, D., Zhou, Z., and Lu, C., Comparing microcrystalline with spherical nanocrystalline cellulose from waste cotton fabrics, Cellulose 19 (2012) 1189–1198.

DOI: 10.1007/s10570-012-9730-4

[22] Emam, H. E., Generic strategies for functionalization of cellulosic textiles with metal salts, Cellulose 26 (2019) 1431–1447.

DOI: 10.1007/s10570-018-2185-5

[23] Mohapatra, S., Sterilization and Disinfection, in Essentials of Neuroanesthesia, Elsevier, 2017.