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Retention Time Enhancement of Concrete with Gluconic Acid: An Evaluation of Fresh and Hardened Concrete Properties

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Abstract:

In recent years, the demand of ready-mix concrete (RMC) has been significantly increased due to shortage of space and good quality control at site. The retarder plays vital role in increasing the retention time of RMC. Polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) is a commonly used admixture and the incorporation of sodium gluconate SG has been accepted as the most efficient way to improve the basic performance of PCE in ready mix concrete. However, this improvement cannot always be achieved because adding more than 0.08% SG (by weight of cement) does not increase retention beyond 120 minutes for pumpable concrete. To extend the retention time to 180 minutes, the GA dosage needs to be increased by up to 0.05% beyond the initial 0.08% SG. In this study, gluconic acid (GA) was used with SG as a retarder, and its effects on fresh concrete properties and hardened concrete properties were examined. It was observed that the addition of 0.05% GA can provide a retention time of up to 180 minutes without causing segregation and bleeding. GA exhibited higher performance in terms of workability and strength when used in concrete.

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Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1168)

Pages:

119-129

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-h4i6Hi

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Online since:

November 2025

Authors:

Garima Choudhary*, Swapnil P. Wanjari

Keywords:

Gluconic Acid, Ready-Mix Concrete, Retention Time, Sodium Gluconate

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© 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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