Tailored Temperature Gradients in Hybrid Components: Influence of Variable Process Parameters under Cold and Preheated Conditions

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Adaptive thermal management is a prerequisite for multi-stage tailored forming of hybrid steel-aluminium blocks, as each section of material must remain within its forming temperature window and the joining zone must be protected from excessive thermal stress. This study defines a control-oriented process space for a combined induction heating and dual-fluid spray cooling concept developed in the Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 1153 “Tailored Forming.” A three-phase test program is applied: Phase A quantifies and evaluates the influence of air pressure pair, water pressure pw, and nozzle distance d on the cooling performance and the formation of an axial gradient using standardized regression coefficients. In phases B and C, a reference setting is applied to rotationally friction-welded 20MnCr5/EN AW-6082 blocks in a cold-start and preheated state, which are representative of multi-stage forming processes. The results show that pair and pw dominate both the cooling capacity and the formation of gradients, while d plays a subordinate role in the range investigated. The relationships remain qualitatively consistent for hybrid blanks and preheated conditions when the heating program is adapted to the aluminium and joining zone boundaries. The derived actuator ranking forms the basis for closed-loop temperature control in volatile, multi-stage tailored forming chains.

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Materials Science Forum (Volume 1183)

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1-11

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April 2026

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The publication of this article was funded by the Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) / Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)

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