Free-Cutting Cr–Ni–Mo Steel

Abstract:

The paper presents theoretical and practical study of formation of non-metallic inclusions in a medium-carbon free-cutting structural steel. FactSage software package was used for thermodynamic modelling of inclusion behaviour. Formation temperature and the amount of aluminium oxides, boron nitrides, manganese sulphides and aluminium nitrides were calculated. Inclusions in the steel form in the sequence Al₂O₃ > BN > MnS > AlN. The object of practical research was a cast billet of A38KhGMAR grade steel. It was melted in a laboratory induction furnace; boron and nitrogen were introduced after deoxidation of the melt with primary aluminium. Quality analysis included determination of chemical composition, macro-and microstructure, type and shape of non-metallic inclusions. Fine and uniformly distributed boron nitride inclusions were obtained throughout the metal matrix; their distribution was studied both qualitatively and quantitatively. Beside isolated particles, boron nitrides are also presented as a component of complex inclusions with manganese sulphides. Inclusion morphology is mostly spherical. The size of BN inclusions varies from 0.41 to 7.23 μm.

• Periodical: Solid State Phenomena (Volume 284)
• Pages: 276-280
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.284.276
• Online since: October 2018
• Authors: A.V. Ryabov*, T.V. Prokaeva, Yu.E. Amosova
• Keywords: Boron, Boron Nitride, Nitrogen, Steel

References

[1] D. Wu, Z. Li, A New Pb-free machinable austenitic stainless steel, Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 17 (2010), 1, 59-63.

DOI: 10.1016/s1006-706x(10)60046-5

[2] Z. Xiao-Bing, Development of new generation self-lubricated nonleaded free cutting steel, Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 20 (2008) 12, 45-49.

[3] J. Wang, F. Wang, C. Li, J. Zhang, Simulation of solidification microstructure and columnar to equiaxed transition in free-cutting steel 9SMn28 based on a CAFE method, Steel Research International, 81 (2010) 150-157.

DOI: 10.1002/srin.200900109

[4] N. Matsui, J. Fujiwara, Effect of sulfide inclusion morphology on surface roughness in free cutting steel, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st Century (LEM 21), Osaka, (2009).

DOI: 10.1299/jsmelem.2009.5.375

[5] A.V. Ryabov, Aspects of production technology for the environment friendly free-machining steel with tin, Procedia Engineering, 129 (2015) 804-808.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.109

[6] A.V. Ryabov, New medium-carbon free-machining steels containing bismuth and calcium, Materials Science Forum, 843 (2016) 101-105.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.843.101

[7] A.V. Ryabov, Environmental aspects of lead-free free-machining steels production, Materials Science Forum, 843 (2016) 231-235.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.843.231

[8] V.M. Golod, Modelling of Complex Problem of Stress-Strain State of a Casting Using the FactSage Software, St. Petersburg Polytechnical Univ., (2010).

[9] M.V. Bobylev, Prospects of Using of Boron-Added Steels for Producing Progressive Types of Hardware Parts, Moscow, (2003).

[10] R. Tanaka, Y. Yamane, K. Sekiya, N. Narutaki, T. Shiraga, Machinability of BN added steels (4th report) – Wear characteristics of coated carbide tools and ceramic tools in turning, J. of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering, 10 (2006).

DOI: 10.2493/jspe.72.1227

[11] V.V. Parusov, A.B. Sychkov, I.V. Derevyanchenko, M.A. Zhigarev, New Application of Boron in Metallurgy, Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, 1 (2005) 15-17.

[12] R. Tanaka, Y. Yamane, T. Ueda, A. Hosokawa, T. Shiraga, Drilling of BN added free-machining steel, Journal of the Japan Society for Abrasive Technology, 1 (2008) 28-33.

[13] R. Tanaka, Y. Lin, A. Hosokawa, T.Ueda, K. Yamada, Influence of additional electrical current on machinability of BN free-machining steel in turning, Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing, 2 (2009) 171-178.

DOI: 10.1299/jamdsm.3.171

[14] N.P. Lyakishev, Yu.L. Plitner, S.I. Lappo, Boron-Addes Steels and Alloys, Metallurgiya Publ., Moscow, (1986).

[15] G. Luo, Z. Fan, J. Wu, Y. Yin, F. Zhang, Z. Xu, L. Ding, R. Wang, CNR Patent 103388107. (2013).

[16] T. Murakami, T. Shiragami, Japan Patent 2007107020, (2007).

[17] T. Murakami, T. Shiragami, Japan Patent 2006249457, (2006).

[18] T. Murakami, T. Shiragami, Japan Patent 2006089784, (2006).

[19] T. Murakami, T. Shiragami, Japan Patent 2001303171, (2001).

[20] T. Fujii, O. Yamamoto, H. Morikawa, T. Yamauchi, Japan Patent 2003129191, (2003).