Thermal Cycles and Peculiar Properties of Austenite Decomposition when Laser-Hybrid Welding Steel of K60 Strength Class

Abstract:

Welding is an important technology of joint in engineering structures. In addition to a residual stress influence to a quality of joint, an obstacle in welding analysis are complex phenomena including phase transformation, thermal cycle and microstructure kinetics. The influence appears in microstructure development, formation of defects and in transformation of metallurgy in a welded zone. This article experimentally defines thermal cycles and shows the results in study of peculiar properties of austenite decomposition kinetics when using the technology of laser-hybrid welding in combination with multiple arc automatic sub-merged welding. There defined the rates of cooling influencing the change of properties of welded joints from tube assortment steel of K60 strength class. We found that the result of impact of laser-hybrid welding process in a heat-affected zone is that the austenite decomposition in studied steels flows in martensite area generally. The hardness of seam metal and heat-affected zone of the studied steels is of range 350-360 HV, which increases a probability of crack-like, defects formation. We revealed the normative value of hardness, which can be provided if a metal cooling rate in laser-hybrid welding is about 20 °C/s.

• Periodical: Solid State Phenomena (Volume 284)
• Pages: 489-494
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.284.489
• Online since: October 2018
• Authors: A.I. Romantsov, M.A. Fedorov, M.A. Ivanov*
• Keywords: K60, Pipe, Steel, Thermal Cycles, Thermo-Kinetic Diagram, Welding

References

[1] J. Xia, H. Jin, Numerical modeling of coupling thermal–metallurgical transformation phenomena of structural steel in the welding process, Advances in Engineering Software, (2017).

DOI: 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2017.08.011

[2] Efimenko L.A., Kapustin O.E., Merkulova A.O., Vyshemirskiy D.E. Peculiarities of processes of austenite decomposition of high-strength steels at multipass welding, Territory Neftegas,, 10 (2015) 104-109.

[3] P. Seyffarth, I.V. Krivtsun, Laser-Arc Processes and their Applications in Welding and Material Treatment, Taylor & Francis, USA, (2002).

DOI: 10.1201/9781482264821

[4] C. Bagger, F.O. Olsen, Review of laser hybrid welding, J. Laser Appl. 17 (2005) 2-14.

[5] J. Pilarczyk, M. Banasik, J. Dworak, S. Stano, Hybrid welding using laser beam and electric arc, Przeglad Spawalnictwa, 10 (2007) 44-48.

[6] U. Dilthey, A. Wieschemann, Prospects by combining and coupling laser beam and arc welding processes, Weld. World, 44 (2000) 37-46.

[7] Y.B. Chen, Z.L. Lei, L.Q. Li, L. Wu, Experimental study on welding characteristics of CO2 laser TIG hybrid welding process, Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 11(2006) 403-411.

DOI: 10.1179/174329306x129535

[8] M. Adak, N.R. Mandal, Numerical and experimental study of mitigation of welding distortion, Appl. Math. Model. 34 (2010) 146-158.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2009.03.035

[9] Hee Seon Bang, Han Sur Bang, You Chul Kim, Sung Min Joo, Analysis of residual stress on AH32 butt joint by hybrid CO2 laser-GMA welding, Comp. Mat. Sci. 49 (2010) 217-221.

DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.04.029

[10] R. Rai, S.M. Kelly, R.P. Martukanitz, T.A. Debroy, Convective heat-transfer model for partial and full penetration keyhole mode laser welding of a structural steel, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 39A (2008) 98-112.

DOI: 10.1007/s11661-007-9400-6

[11] A. Bokota, W. Piekarska, Modeling of residual stresses in laser welding, Paton Weld. J. 6 (2008) 19-24.

[12] L. Han, F.W. Liou, Numerical investigation of the influence of laser beam mode on melt pool, Int. J. Heat Mass Trans. 47 (2004) 4385-4402.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.04.036

[13] V.I. Makhnenko, G.Y. Saprykina, Role of mathematical modelling in solving problems of welding dissimilar steels, Paton Weld. J. 3 (2002) 14-25.

[14] A. Anca, A. Cardona, J. Risso, V.D. Fachinotti, Finite element modeling of welding processes, Appl. Math. Model. 35 (2011) 688-707.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2010.07.026

[15] A. De, T. DebRoy, Reliable calculations of heat and fluid flow during conduction mode laser welding through optimization of uncertain parameters, Weld. J. 84 (2005) 101-111.

[16] G.A. Taylor, M. Hughes, N. Strusevich, K. Pericleous, Finite volume methods applied to the computational modelling of welding phenomena, Appl. Math. Model. 26 (2002) 309-320.

DOI: 10.1016/s0307-904x(01)00063-4

[17] Z.H. Rao, J. Hu, S.M. Liao, H.L. Tsai, Modeling of the transport phenomena in GMAW using argon–helium mixtures. Part II – The metal, Int. J. Heat MassTrans. 53 (2010) 5722-5732.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.08.010

[18] W. Piekarska, M. Kubiak, Three-dimensional model for numerical analysis of thermal phenomena in laser-arc hybrid welding process, Int. J. Heat Mass Trans. 54 (2011) 4966-4974.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.07.010

[19] J. Zhou, H.L. Tsai, Modeling of transport phenomena in hybrid laser – MIG keyhole welding, Int. J. Heat Mass Trans. 51 (2008) 4353-4366.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.02.011

[20] M.Kh. Shorshorov, T.A. Chernyshova, A.I. Krasovskiy, Testing of metals for weldability, Moscow: Metallurgy, (1972).

[21] L.A. Efimenko, A.K. Prygaev, O.Yu. Elagina, Metallography and heat treatment of welded joints, Moscow: Logos, (2007).

[22] L.A. Efimenko, O.Yu. Elagina, E.M. Vyshemirskiy, O.E. Kapustin, A.V. Muradov, A.K. Prygaev, Тraditional and perspective steels for the construction of trunk pipelines, Moscow: Logos (2011).