Effect Grinding of Graphite on Structural and Morphological Characteristics of Carbon Nanotubes Grown by Microwave Oven

Abstract:

The influence of graphite grinding time on the formation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), is investigated. Graphite with different grinding time is used for the growth of CNTs by a cost-effective method using a microwave oven. The samples produced using the different grinding time contain nanotubes with an average diameter in the range 31–50 nm as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The lowest intensity ratio of D and G bands (ID/IG) and full width at half maximum of G as identified by Raman spectroscopy for grinding time 20 minute indicates the improved crystallinity of CNTs.

• Periodical: Solid State Phenomena (Volume 290)
• Pages: 122-126
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.290.122
• Online since: April 2019
• Authors: Natheer A. Algadri*, Zainuriah Hassan, Kamarulazizi Ibrahim, Mohamed Bououdina
• Keywords: Carbon Nanotubes, Graphite Particle Size, Microwave, Raman Spectroscopy

References

[1] Dalton, A.B., S. Collins, E. Muñoz, J.M. Razal, V.H. Ebron, J.P. Ferraris, J.N. Coleman, B.G. Kim, and R.H. Baughman, Super-tough carbon-nanotube fibres. Nature, 2003. 423(6941): pp.703-703.

DOI: 10.1038/423703a

[2] Trojanowicz, M., Analytical applications of carbon nanotubes: a review. TrAC trends in analytical chemistry, 2006. 25(5): pp.480-489.

DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2005.11.008

[3] Prasek, J., J. Drbohlavova, J. Chomoucka, J. Hubalek, O. Jasek, V. Adam, and R. Kizek, Methods for carbon nanotubes synthesis—review. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2011. 21(40): pp.15872-15884.

DOI: 10.1039/c1jm12254a

[4] Jones, D., T. Lelyveld, S. Mavrofidis, S. Kingman, and N. Miles, Microwave heating applications in environmental engineering—a review. Resources, conservation and recycling, 2002. 34(2): pp.75-90.

DOI: 10.1016/s0921-3449(01)00088-x

[5] Liu, Z., J. Wang, V. Kushvaha, S. Poyraz, H. Tippur, S. Park, M. Kim, Y. Liu, J. Bar, and H. Chen, Poptube approach for ultrafast carbon nanotube growth. Chemical Communications, 2011. 47(35): pp.9912-9914.

DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13359d

[6] Algadri, N.A., K. Ibrahim, Z. Hassan, and M. Bououdina, Cost-effective single-step carbon nanotube synthesis using microwave oven. Materials Research Express, 2017. 4(8).

DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/aa817b

[7] Shajahan, M., Y. Mo, A.F. Kibria, M. Kim, and K. Nahm, High growth of SWNTs and MWNTs from C 2 H 2 decomposition over Co–Mo/MgO catalysts. Carbon, 2004. 42(11): pp.2245-2253.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.04.038

[8] Antunes, E., A. Lobo, E. Corat, and V. Trava-Airoldi, Influence of diameter in the Raman spectra of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon, 2007. 45(5): pp.913-921.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2007.01.003

[9] Singh, D.K., P. Iyer, and P. Giri, Diameter dependence of interwall separation and strain in multiwalled carbon nanotubes probed by X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering studies. Diamond and Related Materials, 2010. 19(10): pp.1281-1288.

DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2010.06.003

[10] Ebbesen, T. and T. Takada, Topological and sp 3 defect structures in nanotubes. Carbon, 1995. 33(7): pp.973-978.

DOI: 10.1016/0008-6223(95)00025-9

[11] Algadri, N.A., Z. Hassan, K. Ibrahim, and M. Bououdina, Effect of ferrocene catalyst particle size on structural and morphological characteristics of carbon nanotubes grown by microwave oven. Journal of Materials Science, 2017. 52(21): pp.12772-12782.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-1381-2