Evaluation of Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Surface Modified Pure Titanium Grade II

Abstract:

The paper contains the results of surface modification on the properties of the pure titanium Grade II, obtained by the SLM procedure. In the paper, the analysis of the results of physicochemical properties, such as pitting corrosion test and contact angle measurements and Surface Free Energy calculated were performed. Additionally, the microscopic observation with microchemical analysis, surface topography analysis using Atomic Force Microscopy, surface roughness measurements and wear test were performed too. The studies were carried out on three groups of samples in an initial state (1) (after mechanical treatment - mechanical grinding and polishing) and after surface modification by PVD method using CrN layer (2) and TiN layer (3). Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the samples with TiN layer were characterized by the optimum properties.

• Periodical: Solid State Phenomena (Volume 326)
• Pages: 75-88
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.326.75
• Online since: November 2021
• Authors: Anna Woźniak*, Marcin Adamiak
• Keywords: Physicochemical Properties, Pitting Corrosion, Pure Titanium, PVD, SLM, Wear Test

References

[1] J.P. Kurth, Levy G., F. Klocke, T. Childs, Consolidation phenomena in laser and powder-bed based layered manufacturing, CIRP Annals, 56 (2007) 730-759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2007.10.004.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2007.10.004

[2] S. Bose, D. Ke, H. Sahasrabudhe, and A. Bandyopadhyay, Additive manufacturing of biomaterials, Prog. Mater. Sci., 93(2018) 45–111.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.08.003

[3] A. Masmoudi, R. Bolot, and C. Coddet, Investigation of the laser–powder–atmosphere interaction zone during the selective laser melting process, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 225(2015) 122–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.05.008.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.05.008

[4] B. Wysocki, P. Maj, A. Krawczyński, K. Różniatowski, J. Zdunek, K.J. Kurzydłowski, W. Święszkowski, Microstructure and mechanical properties of investigation of CP titanium processed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), J. Master. Process. Technol, 214(2017) 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.10.022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.10.022

[5] R. Li, Y. Shi, Z. Wang, L. Wang, J. Liu, W. Jiang, Denis cation behavior of gas and water atomized 316L stainless steel powder during selective laser melting, Appl. Surf. Sci. 256(2010) 4350-4356. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.02.030.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.02.030

[6] A. Woźniak, B. Ziębowicz, A. Ziębowicz, W. Walke W, Physicochemical properties of oxide ZrO2 layer deposited by sol-gel method on Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy, Arch. Metall. Master., 63(2018) 1209-1215.

[7] A. Ziębowicz, A. Woźniak, B. Ziębowicz, K. Kosiel, G. Chladek, The effect of atomic layer deposition of ZrO2 on the physicochemical properties of cobalt based alloys intended for prosthetic dentistry, Arch. Metall. Master., 63(2018) 1077-1082.

[8] Gebhardt, A.; Hötter, J.-S. Additive manufacturing: 3D printing for prototyping and manufacturing; ISBN 9781569905821.

DOI: 10.3139/9781569905838

[9] Duda, T.; Raghavan, L.V. 3D Metal Printing Technology. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49(2016), 103–110.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.11.111

[10] Masmoudi, A.; Bolot, R.; Coddet, C. Investigation of the laser–powder–atmosphere interaction zone during the selective laser melting process. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 225(2015), 122–132.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.05.008

[11] Bose, S.; Ke, D.; Sahasrabudhe, H.; Bandyopadhyay, A. Additive manufacturing of biomaterials. Prog. Mater. Sci., 93(2018), 45–111.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.08.003

[12] Whitaker, M. The history of 3D printing in healthcare. Bull. R. Coll. Surg. Engl., 96(2014), 228–229.

[13] Liverani, E.; Fortunato, A.; Leardini, A.; Belvedere, C.; Siegler, S.; Ceschini, L.; Ascari, A. Fabrication of Co–Cr–Mo endoprosthetic ankle devices by means of Selective Laser Melting (SLM). Mater. Des., 106(2016), 60–68.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.083

[14] Demir, A.G.; Previtali, B. Additive manufacturing of cardiovascular CoCr stents by selective laser melting. Mater. Des., 119(2017), 338–350.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.01.091

[15] Bandyopadhyay, A.; Heer, B. Additive manufacturing of multi-material structures. Mater. Sci. Eng. R Reports, 129(2018), 1–16.

[16] Liu, F.-H.; Shen, Y.-K.; Lee, J.-L. Selective laser sintering of a hydroxyapatite-silica scaffold on cultured MG63 osteoblasts in vitro. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 13, 439–444 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0056-9.

DOI: 10.1007/s12541-012-0056-9

[17] Inzana, J.A.; Olvera, D.; Fuller, S.M.; Kelly, J.P.; Graeve, O.A.; Schwarz, E.M.; Kates, S.L.; Awad, H.A. 3D printing of composite calcium phosphate and collagen scaffolds for bone regeneration. Biomaterials, 35(2014), 4026–4034.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.064

[18] Ardila, L.C.; Garciandia, F.; González-díaz, J.B.; Álvarez, P.; Echeverria, A. Effect of IN718 recycled powder reuse on properties of parts manufactured by means of Selective Laser Melting. Phys. Procedia, 56(2014), 99–107.

DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.152

[19] Khan, M.A.; Williams, R.L.; Williams, D.F. The corrosion behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-13Nb-13Zr in protein solutions. Biomaterials, 20(1999), 631–637. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(98)00217-8.

DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(98)00217-8

[20] Carbonaro, R.F.; Gray, B.N.; Whitehead, C.F.; Stone, A.T. Carboxylate-containing chelating agent interactions with amorphous chromium hydroxide: Adsorption and dissolution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 72(2008), 3241–3257.

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2008.04.010

[21] Zhang, Y.; Addison, O.; Yu, F.; Troconis, B.C.R.; Scully, J.R.; Davenport, A.J. Time-dependent Enhanced Corrosion of Ti6Al4V in the Presence of H2O2 and Albumin. Sci. Rep., 8(2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21332-x.

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21332-x

[22] T akemoto, S.; Hattori, M.; Yoshinari, M.; Kawada, E.; Oda, Y. Discoloration of titanium alloy in acidic saline solutions with peroxide. Dent. Mater. J., 32(2013), 19–24. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2012-194.

DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2012-194

[23] Karimi, S.; Nickchi, T.; Alfantazi, A.M. Long-term corrosion investigation of AISI 316L, Co-28Cr-6Mo, and Ti-6Al-4V alloys in simulated body solutions. Appl. Surf. Sci., 258(2012), 6087–6096.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.03.008

[24] Karimi, S.; Alfantazi, A.M. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of orthopedic biomaterials in presence of human serum albumin. J. Electrochem. Soc., 160(2013). https://doi.org/10.1149/2.052306jes.

DOI: 10.1149/2.052306jes

[25] Yu, F.; Addison, O.; Davenport, A.J. A synergistic effect of albumin and H2O2 accelerates corrosion of Ti6Al4V. Acta Biomater., 26(2015), 355–365.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.046

[26] Mabilleau, G.; Bourdon, S.; Joly-Guillou, M.L.; Filmon, R.; Baslé, M.F.; Chappard, D. Influence of fluoride, hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid on the corrosion resistance of commercially pure titanium. Acta Biomater., 2(2006), 121–129.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2005.09.004

[27] Fonseca, C.; Barbosa, M.A. Corrosion behaviour of titanium in biofluids containing H2O2 studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Corros. Sci., 43(2001), 547–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(00)00107-4.

DOI: 10.1016/s0010-938x(00)00107-4

[28] Al-Mobarak, N.A.; Al-Mayouf, A.M.; Al-Swayih, A.A. The effect of hydrogen peroxide on the electrochemical behavior of Ti and some of its alloys for dental applications. Mater. Chem. Phys., 99(2006), 333–340.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.10.032