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Carbon Dots Modification Surface of Titanium Dioxide and their Photocatalytic Activity Ganyaporn Wongwaen1,a, Cheewita Suwanchawalit1,b,* and Narit Triamnak2,c 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Inductrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand awongwaen_c@su.ac.th, bsuwanchawalit_c@silpakorn.edu, ctriamnak_n@su.ac.th Keywords: Carbon dots; Carbon dots/TiO2; Photocatalysis; Visible light irradiation Abstract.
Moreover, the micro-structure and optical properties of as-prepared C-dots/TiO2 have been evaluated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS).
The micro-structure and optical properties of as-prepared C-dots/TiO2 have been evaluated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS).
The crystal structures were determined through XRD recorded in a Rigaku MiniFlex II X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation from 10° to 70° (2θ).
The UV-vis spectra confirmed the presence of C=C of graphitic structure formation during carbonization process.

XRD analysis reveals the creation of hexagonal NCA with an α-NaFeO2 r3m structure along a secondary LCO phase.
However, concerns over cobalt's environmental and ethical impacts continue to drive efforts in reducing the cobalt content of cathodes, leading to a shift towards other Ni-rich cathode chemistries such as lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) for high-performance EVs [4,5].
Initially valued for low surface reactivity, this structure tends to crack during intense use, exposing more surface area and leading to capacity fade [8].
This secondary sintering process was aimed to further refine the structure and homogeneity of the product.
To investigate the crystal structure and the phases present in the synthesized samples, XRD analysis was employed.

The powder XRD results show that the material exhibit orthorhombic crystalline structure and the mean particle size were calculated to be ~40 nm.
In order to overcome these problems, solution wet chemistry method such as modified Pechini co-precipitation route was followed in this work [5,6].
Results and Discussions The prepared samples were characterized by Powder X-ray Diffraction analysis to study the crystal structure and average particle size of the material.
The lattice parameters and angles were measured as a= 8.770 Å, b=6.238 Å & c= 6.223 Å and α= β= γ= 90º, which indicates that the material possesses orthorhombic crystalline structure [7].
It was found that the sintered material exhibit orthorhombic crystal structure with an average size of about ~40 nm.

The influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the structure, optical, and functional group analysis of nanocomposite of polyvinyl alcohol/titanium dioxide was studied by using X-ray diffraction analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy).
This process was repeated three times to get a good thickness of a film, and for the good crystalline structure, it was heated at 100˚c for 10 min.
It results that overall crystalline structure was modified with the addition of titanium dioxide.
For the composite thin film of PVA/TiO2, it is clarified that crystalline structure of film with temperature condition of 300˚C was more crystalline that with 100˚C.
Hawthorne, Chemistry of Pigments and Fillers, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1983

Semi-encasing Sucrose Ester and Grafting Silkworm Pupae Protein on Polyester Fabric to Modify Polyester Fabric Surface Guangxian Zhang1,a, Xiping Zeng1,b,Wei Hu1,c, Fengxiu Zhang2,d*, Lingxiao Jing1,e 1 College of textiles and garments, Southwest University, China 2 School of chemistry and chemical engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing azgx656472@sina.com, b649491306@qq.com, chuwei8500397@163.com, dzhangfx656472@sina.com, e343745223@qq.com, ∗Corresponding author: Tel.:+0 86 02368251681; fax:+086 02368251228.
The structure of polyester textile grafted with silkworm pupae protein were studied by SEM, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
X-ray diffraction of polyester fiber X-ray diffraction was always used to study the crystalline structure and macromolecular orientation.
This showed the structure of grafted silkworm pupae protein was random coil conformation.
The orientation of polyester fiber semi-encased sucrose ester and polyester fiber grafted silkworm protein only decrease a little, and this showed the structure of silkworm pupae protein was random coil conformation.

The morphology and structure of TiO2, SnO2 and TixSn1-xO3 solid solution nano particles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction measurements.
Results and Discussion The morphology and structure of SnO2, TixSn1-xO3 and TiO2 were characterized by SEM and TEM, and their images are shown in Fig.1.
In curve a, besides the diffraction peaks that can be indexed to the anatase TiO2 and Ti, the peaks at 26.6°, 38° and 52° correspond to the (110), (101) and (211) planes of the tetragonal rutile SnO2 structure .
In the first discharge (Li-insertion) profile, there is no obvious voltage plateau which is probably due to the amorphous structure of samples.
Chen, Materials Chemistry and Physics,Vol.118 (2009), p. 367

With a main emphasis on advanced materials and engineering studies, the instrument will enable 2D/3D mapping of the microstructure, chemical composition, and crystallographic structure (grain size, stress and strain, phase position, texture, and so on).
It can provide users a neutron scattering platform for advanced researches in physics, chemistry, biology, life science, materials science, new energy, as well as in industrial applications.
It can be used to study microscopic magnetic structure due to its magnetic moment.
l 2D/3D mapping of crystalline structures of materials.
Pfeiffer, Neutron decoherence imaging for visualizing bulk magnetic domain structures, Phys.

Molten Salt Synthesis of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrites Hongtao Jianga, Xiufeng Wangb, Lili Wang and Chenglong Yu Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P.
Wang, et al, The structure and magnetic properties of Zn1−xNixFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles prepared by sol–gel auto-combustion, J.

Easy precipitation method for preparation of cerium added La2O2SO4 used for oxygen storage Weihua Shen1, a, and Shuichi Naito2, b 1 School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130, Meilong road, Shanghai, 200237, China 2 Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, 221-8686, Japan.
The cerium doped La2O2SO4/La2O2S oxygen storage system showed the replacement of cerium for some La site to form a stable structure and no sulfur leakage took place in the process of redox cycle.

., Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Thailand, 13160 5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand, 20131 6Department of Industrial Chemistry and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 50290 a nirutb@mtec.or.th, bkuimalee.s@gmail.com, cboonrat@gmail.coml Keywords: Gold based metallic glass, Gold BMG, TEM study, Nucleation and Growth.
Completely amorphous structure as found in sections thinner than 4 mm when considering a infinite copper plate geometry.