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These achievements have been possible only thanks to an integrated approach used to solve in advance any manufacturing criticality which would have affected the cost and delayed development time.
Deformation occurring in forming process changes the property of the material altering its behaviour during crash.
The idea of the DA method is to use the shape deviation between the deep drawn product and the desired shape, multiplied with a negative factor, as a compensation function for the geometry of the tools.
The greatest limit of this kind of analysis is the assumption of considering all the mechanical parts as rigid.
Concerning new vehicle architectures based on multi-material approach, an example of key assembly technology is bonding process, whose development allows to continuously join different material through the use of adhesives with suitable mechanical strength, according to the subcomponent mission (Crash, NVH, …); such a technology is at present exploited with high accuracy on the control of the amount and shape of adhesive deposited to solve the geometrical gap created in the joining phase due to dimensional tolerances management.

Over the time of usage, circuit breakers eventually experience some degradation process, which affect integrity of both mechanical and electrical functions.
Circuit Breaker Mechanism and Features of Trip Coil Profile The electromechanical property of the switchgear allows for the trip coil to act as a circuit breaker profiler [1], where the current fluctuations can be represented graphically for analysis.
This indicates that the plunger, which is targeted towards hitting the latch of the spring mechanism, overcomes the mechanical resistance and the effect of ‘stiction’ in order to be in motion.
Therefore, the design of switchgear plays a crucial factor in implementing ERA.

Fabrication of superhydrophobic surface can be achieved by either surface modification using mechanical process, surface treatment like coating or by the combination of both.
Heat transfer process is significantly affected by the ease with which the condensate nucleates on surface[3].
The important factors to optimize for an increased HTC are droplet dynamics and the distribution of droplet, because HTC increases as number of droplets increases and also when critical droplet size decreases[7].
This leads to anisotropic wetting[11]and makes HTC of the surface significantly affected by the orientation of the grooves.
Wu, “Anisotropic wetting properties on a precision-ground micro-V-grooved Si surface related to their micro-characterized variables,” J.

All of the results are beneficial for the improvement of fatigue properties of steel.
Ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment technology The mechanisms of ultrasonic impact treatment technology Ultrasonic impact treatment technology[7] is as material surface strengthening technology, the basic principle is that ultrasonic impact needle takes the ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration of certain amplitude to sample along the surface normal direction.
It can effectively improve the shape of the weld and parent metal transition region, reducing the stress concentration factor, adjust the welding residual stress field.
Most metal materials can use UIT technology to improve the hardness, wear resistance, fatigue strength, and other properties.
However, how ultrasonic impact parameter is to affect the material performance is not clear, the UIT parameters which are selected by only relying on test or experience do not necessarily generate the best result, thus restricts the development of the ultrasonic impact technique.

The final microstructure of extruded profiles is of great importance for final mechanical properties and, consequentially, the ability to control and predict it is of extreme interest for Academic and Industrial researchers.
Introduction During light alloys extrusion several process parameters are of critical importance in order to control the evolution of final grain size in the profiles: extrusion temperature, ram speed and die design deeply affect the material evolution and consequently the final microstructure.
As discussed in previous works [3, 11] a friction factor of 1 plus sticking condition at the container, punch and die face was used, while the heat transfer coefficient between billet and container/die was set to 11 N/s/mm/°C.

Introduction As a compressive component in arch bridges, CFST displays special material property.
Owing to the hoop stress of the steel tube to the concrete, the mechanical behavior of CFST becomes plastic instead of brittle if only concrete being applied.
Both Table 2 and 3 indicate that the spandrel can affect the off-plane stability of the bridge in a very small scale so that such effect can be ignored.
This indicates that the safety of the bridge in service is guaranteed theoretically, and while this also hints that a less safety factor can be considered in the design of the same type of bridges in future.
The analysis results also indicate that the spandrel can affect the off-plane stability of bridge but its effect can be ignored, and designer should primarily consider enhancing the transversal stiffness of the arch rib and the transversal connection.

The workability of PCE is an improtant factor to achieve high performances in the construction engineering.
Both temperature and supplementary cementitious materials are shown to affect the evolution of rheology with time.
Adding dibasic acid monomer such as MA can introduce more carboxyl groups, and thus increase the anchoring properties of PCE molecules on the cement particles, resulting in a long-time dispersion.
Sample Dosage (%) Air content (%) Slump / Slump flow (mm) 0h 1h PC-1 0.26 4.2 240 / 500 240 / 470 PC-2 0.26 4.0 250 / 600 245 / 530 PCE 0.26 4.5 255 / 620 245 / 540 The results showed that the slump performances of fresh concrete mixed with PCE synthesized at lower temperature were better, presenting as the better dispersion and flow properties than those of PC-1.
Duthoit, Determination of the apparent activation energy of one concretee by calorimetric and mechanical means influence of superplasticizer, Cem.

Surface roughness can also be used as a direct indication of workpiece mechanical properties including fatigue, surface friction, and fracture resistance[5].
A predictive model may be developed using specified signal properties as inputs, in addition, tool wear must be forecast in real time.
Based on a set of prognostic factors, every decision tree generates response.
Result & Discussion: Feature extraction is a preprocessing step in machine learning that transforms raw data from many signal channels into a collection of statistical properties that machine learning algorithms can comprehend.
Furthermore, in order to retain the primary properties of the investigated models, we have not combined them with other optimization procedures in this study.

These ligands and their complexes show excellent properties in light, electricity, magnetism, molecular vehicle and catalytic properties.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the table 2: The luminous properties of rare earth β-diketone complexes are related to the groups R1 and R2, and the electron-giving characteristic of R1 and R2 are important factors affecting the luminous efficiency of Eu3+.
The results show that the quenching between metal electrodes is an important factor affecting the device efficiency and brightness.
Photophysical properties of novel organic europium(III) complexes[D].
Preparation and properties of Eu(III) complexes with carboxylic of oxids[D].

Further, we analyzed the impact of same parameters on friction factor, local Nusselt number and the rate of mass transfer coefficients and presented in table.
Owing to this property, they have immense applications in mechanical engineering, pharmaceutics, geophysics and industries like making of semi-conductor materials, geothermal redemption and freezing of magma etc.
The Friction factor and the rate of mass transfer coefficients are not influenced by thermal relaxation parameter and irregular heat source/sink parameters.
The elevating values of Weissenberg number diminishes the rate of mass transfer coefficients, raises the friction factor but the Nusselt number is not affected.
The density of the motile microorganisms diminishes with raise in the values of Peclet number and bio convection Lewis number and they do not affect the remaining three quantities.