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Moreover, non-equiatomic compositions may offer even better properties [15, 12].
There was lack of consensus yet on factors responsible for the anticipated decelerated diffusivities.
Hohenwarter, Mechanical properties, microstructure and thermal stability of a nanocrystalline CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy after severe plastic deformation, Acta Materialia 96 (2015) 258-268
Raabe, Strong and Ductile Non-equiatomic High-Entropy Alloys: Design, Processing, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties, JOM 69 (2017) 2099-2106
Guillot, Elastic and plastic properties of as-cast equimolar TiHfZrTaNb highentropy alloy, Mater Science Engineer A 654 (2016) 30-38

The CPS emphasis integration on computing, communication, control, and physical process, it has self-adaption ability to environmental uncertainty change, and has dynamic self-organizing reconstruction property, and has control of large-scale systems integration under the network environment.
(1)The awareness layer The awareness layer means pass physical properties in the physical world to the information world.
Capability is not confined to deal with a task, some resources has capability to handle multiple tasks; at the same time, capability is closely related to the state, the state include of space-time, the actual function of resources, resources of idle state and a series of affect resource capability factors.
Resource Capability Communication Capability Information Transfer Communication Security Link Connection ……… Executive Capability Components Control Mechanical Drive ……… Awareness Capability Temperature Humidity Soil Nutrient ……… Computing Capability information storage data processing analytical prediction ……… Fig.3 Capability classification 3)Task Task refers to a specific action plan.
It do not just confined to one or several crops production factors monitoring, but the formation of cross-regional "intelligent mechanical + three-dimensional monitoring + intelligent decision + accurate control" distributed monitoring and control system.

Steel is typically regarded as a more cost-effective and preferred building material in industrial sectors [4-5], because mild steel is inexpensive and has excellent mechanical properties.
The widespread use of mild steel is linked to its appealing qualities, which include strength, durability, excellent mechanical and chemical properties, availability, and a relatively low cost of manufacturing [1, 6–8].
This is a widespread issue that not only increases the risk of accidents because of a decline in mechanical properties but also results in significant financial losses.
It functions as a wetting surfactant with surface tension-lowering properties [21, 40].
Corrosion inhibition properties of small peptides: DFT and Monte Carlo simulation studies.

Introduction The grain microstructure of crystalline solids decidedly determines its physical and mechanical properties.
This driving force does not depend on boundary properties and moves a boundary from a grain with lower free energy towards grain with a higher free energy.
Grain boundaries can also be driven by an applied mechanical stress.
This is achieved by utilizing orientation dependent properties and their discontinuity at the grain boundary.
(a) Measured (points) and calculated (lines) coupling factors β and (b) activation enthalpy H of stress driven migration vs. misorientation angle θ for symmetrical <100> tilt grain boundaries [40].

From the analysis of the above arch bridge damages, the main types of damages of metal sheath were corrosion and internal cracking of cement mortar caused by environmental factors.
Fig. 1 Commonly encountered damages in cable There are following causes of common damages in cable body protection measures: 1) The production process and mechanical characteristics of cable members.
All the methods above could detect the cable corrosion, but all methods were indirect ones except for the fenestration detection method, which indirectly judged the corrosion degree of the cable body by measuring the physical factors related to the corrosion.
Uneven cable force, cable corrosion, wire breaking and cracking Magnetic flux method Detect changes of flux by small electromagnetic sensors, Calculate the cable force and the degree of cable damage based on the relationship between temperature and flux. 1) Advantage is that it will not affect any the mechanical and physical properties of cable except for magneticing cable, 2) The disadvantage is that you must field calibration underr the interference from temperature and electromagnetic field.
Main damage encountered in metal sheath is corrosion and internal cement mortar cracking caused by environmental factors; Main damage encountered in organic sheath are aging, cracking caused by external load, long-term high stress and others.

This in turn affects the drivetrain and the gearing which also affects the vehicle engine performance.
The proposed mining vehicle tyre design provide an opportunity to conform to the original specified loading conditions plus providing some allowance or factor of safety for harsh mining conditions.
The material properties were adjusted in the Ansys® model to provide similar results to these experimental results.
Therefore the same homogenous material properties was used as defined in the pneumatic tyre material structure.
Małachowski, “Assessment of mechanical properties of offroad vehicle tire: Coupons testing and FE model development.,” 2012.

Lu et al., (2024) [33] examined the effects of many factors on TSP and proposed a novel approach that incorporates the processing and collecting of data from these sources.
These include Vp, Vs, Poisson’s ratio, and various mechanical properties such as Static and Dynamic Young’s modulus, Shear modulus, and Bulk modulus.
The Poisson’s ratio ranges indicate elastic properties of the rock mass, and zones with higher values might correspond to saturated or deformable areas.
The data also showed that the velocities of seismic waves had significant dependence on the mechanical properties of the rock, which proved to be good relations for weak or hazardous zone identification.
[41] K Choudhary, H Bineshian ,T Dickmann and S Gupta and R K Hegde "Application of TSP for Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Surrounding Ground of Tunnel T5 in USBRL Project in India” Conference: The 8th IndoRock-2019 Conference At: New Delhi

To explain this failure, Soda [16] explained two factors; one is the clearance between the ring and the shaft or housing, and the other is the elastic deformation which Imai [17] proved experimentally.
Then, in the previous studies [13-15], the amount of the slip was investigated by varying several design factors such as shaft deformation, motor torque and shrink-fitting ratio.
It is confirmed that the rigid body size at the center does not affect the result, and the diameter 8 mm is used.
Table 1 shows the work roll’s dimensions, mechanical properties, and boundary conditions used in the analysis.
Dimensions, mechanical properties and boundary conditions in Figure 1 considered as a standard roll in this study.

The laboratory tests were conducted on the RAC mixture to determine its fresh and hardened state properties.
Properties of Hemp Fibre Reinforced Concrete Composites.
Physicochemical Properties of the Josapine Variety of Pineapple Fruit.
Physico-Chemical Properties of Pineapple Variety N36 Harvested and Stored at Different Maturity Stages.
Effect of Moisture and Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete.

The sprayed particles size distribution is also very important for coating properties [189].
Coating properties.
It has been found that this transition temperature depends on numerous factors: i) the modification of the substrate surface wettability, ii) desorbtion of adsorbates and condensates and iii) solidification mechanisms [216, 220].
Nevertheless, many works are still necessary to correlate coating thermo-mechanical properties to in-flight particles characteristics as well as substrate and coating temperature during spraying.
For larger droplets, shell precipitation occurs and the particle can later fragment depending on the pressure inside the shell and its mechanical properties.